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1
Content available CNC machine control using deep reinforcement learning
Kalandyk Dawid, Kwiatkowski Bogdan, Mazur Damian
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2024
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Vol. 72, nr 3
art. no. e148940
EN
Optimization of industrial processes such as manufacturing or processing of specific materials constitutes a point of interest for many researchers, and its application can lead not only to speeding up the processes in question, but also to reducing the energy cost incurred during them. This article presents a novel approach to optimizing the spindle motion of a computer numeric control (CNC) machine. The proposed solution is to use deep learning with reinforcement to map the performance of the reference points realization optimization (RPRO) algorithm used in the industry. A detailed study was conducted to see how well the proposed method performs the targeted task. In addition, the influence of a number of different factors and hyperparameters of the learning process on the performance of the trained agent was investigated. The proposed solution achieved very good results, not only satisfactorily replicating the performance of the benchmark algorithm, but also speeding up the machining process and providing significantly higher accuracy.
2
Content available An off-line application that determines the maximum accuracy of the realization of reference points from G-code for given parameters of CNC machine dynamics
Kwiatkowski Bogdan, Kwater Tadeusz, Mazur Damian, Bartman Jacek
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2024
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Vol. 72, nr 1
art. no. e147345
EN
The paper presents an off-line application that determines the maximum accuracy of the reference points for the given dynamics parameters of a CNC machine. These parameters are maximum speed, acceleration, and JERK. The JERK parameter determines the rate of change of acceleration. These parameters are defined for each working axis of the machine. The main achievement of the algorithm proposed in the article is the determination of the smallest error specified for each reference point resulting from the implemented G-code for the considered dynamic parameters of the CNC machine. The solutions to this problem in industry consider the improvement in the accuracy of hitting the reference points, but they do not provide information on whether the obtained solution is optimal for such parameters of the machine dynamics. The algorithm makes the accuracy dependent on the adopted dynamic parameters of the machine and the parameters of the PLC controller used in the CNC machine.
3
Content available Increasing photovoltaic self-consumption for objects using domestic hot water systems
Shavolkin Olexandr, Shvedchykova Iryna, Kolcun Michal, Dusan Medved, Mazur Damian, Kwiatkowski Bogdan
Archives of Electrical Engineering
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2024
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Vol. 73, nr 3
573--593
EN
The technique of estimating the expected decrease in electricity consumption from the grid and using PV energy for the taken load schedule based on archival data for 5 years is refined. With full self-consumption (SC), the reduction of consumption from the grid can be increased by 9.5%–30.7% for a year according to the rated PV power. Consumption should increase when PV generation exceeds a certain value. A discrete time control of the power of an electric storage boiler (ESB) is proposed based on the deviation of the storage battery (SB) state of charge from a given schedule with a heating concentration during hours of high PV generation. In the considered application, it is possible to increase SC by up to 21%. Reducing the load in the evening allows us to use SB energy to reduce consumption from the grid at night. The possibility of complete photovoltaic SC when the ESB is used with an air conditioner is substantiated. Limitations for air conditioner energy consumption according to PV generation are determined. The system’s 24h model of energy processes is supplemented with a thermal model. The standard use of ESB with water temperature maintenance was also considered for comparison. ESB power control allows you to reduce daily energy consumption from the grid by 1.7–2 times. When combining an adjustable ESB with an air conditioner, it is possible to reduce consumption from the grid by 1.466–1.558 times at minimum and increase consumption from the grid by 2–5% at maximum air conditioner consumption.
4
Content available Calculating G-code for CNC machine using the Mamdani fuzzy logic inference system
Kalandyk Dawid, Kwiatkowski Bogdan, Mazur Damian
Archives of Control Sciences
|
2024
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Vol. 34, No. 3
501--511
EN
The widespread desire to automate the CNC machine control process and optimize it is leading to the development of new algorithms. The article presents both a novel approach to this task based on a fuzzy decision-making system as well as an evaluation of the proposed solution on a large database containing data from multiple machining processes and a comparison with the Reference Points Realization Optimization (RPRO) algorithm used in industry. In addition to achieving the intended accuracy of the machining process, the presented system is also easily interpretable for the expert operating the machine. It is also possible to manipulate the presented system easily and shape it according to specific needs.
5
Content available The look-up algorithm of monitoring an object described by non-linear ordinary differential equations
Hawro Przemysław, Kwater Tadeusz, Bartman Jacek, Kwiatkowski Bogdan
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2023
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Vol. 71, nr 2
art. no. e144603
EN
The article proposes an adaptive algorithm that generates all object signals, including those for which measurements are not performed due to the difficulties associated with on-line measurements. The algorithm is modeled on the idea of the Kalman filter using its equation, however, the selection of gains is optimized in a different way, i.e. the constant values depend on the adopted ranges of adaptation errors. Moreover, the knowledge of the statistics of all noise signals is not imposed and there is no linearity constraint. This approach allowed to reduce the complexity of calculations. This algorithm can be used in real-time systems to generate signals of objects described by non-linear differential equations and it is universal, which allows it to be used for various objects. In the conducted research, on the example of a biochemically contaminated river, only easily measurable signals were used to generated the object signals, and in addition, in the case of absence some measurements, the functioning of the algorithm did not destabilize.
6
Content available remote Analiza zborności parametrów odbiorników energii elektrycznej w kontekście bezinwazyjnej identyfikacji urządzeń
Bartman Jacek, Kwater Tadeusz, Kwiatkowski Bogdan, Mazur Damian
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
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2022
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R. 98, nr 11
265--268
PL
Bezinwazyjny monitoring obciążenia (Non-IntrusiveLoad Monitoring - NILM) jest systemem wspomagającym decyzje ukierunkowane na zmniejszenie zużycia energii elektrycznej w gospodarstwach domowych i obiektach komercyjnych. Głównym zadaniem w tym systemie jest identyfikacja urządzeń elektrycznych wykorzystująca analizę zdarzeń występujących w instalacji domowej lub poprzez analizę jej stanu ustalonego. W przypadku analizy stanu ustalonego istotny jest dobór parametrów elektrycznych, które w jednoznaczny sposób opisują pracujące urządzenia. W pracy przedstawiono analizę szerokiego spektrum parametrów elektrycznych (prąd, napięcie, moce oraz harmoniczne tych sygnałów, THD, CF, PF) w celu wskazania, które z nich charakteryzują się największą stabilnością w obrębie danego urządzenia oraz jak największą separowalnością wobec innych urządzeń. Tak wybrane parametry w kolejnym kroku wykorzystano do identyfikacji pracujących urządzeń elektrycznych.
EN
The main objective of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) electrical appliance identification is to reduce residential and commercial electricity consumption. This identification can be based on the analysis of events occurring in the home system or by analyzing its steady state. In the case of steady-state analysis, it is necessary to select electrical parameters that uniquely describe the electrical equipment in operation. This paper presents an analysis of a wide spectrum of electrical parameters (current, voltage, powers and harmonics of these signals, THD, CF, PF) in order to indicate those that are characterized by the greatest consistency within a given device and the greatest separability from other devices. Parameters selected in this way were used in the next step to identify working electrical devices.
7
Content available Improved Matlab/Simulink model of dual three-phase fractional slot and concentrated winding PM motor for EV applied brushless DC drive
Shchur Ihor, Mazur Damian, Makarchuk Oleksandr, Bilyakovskyy Ihor, Turkovskyi Valentyn, Kwiatkowski Bogdan, Kalandyk Dawid
Archives of Control Sciences
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2022
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Vol. 32, No. 4
677--707
EN
The development of electric vehicles (EV) necessitates the search for new solutions for configuring powertrain systems to increase reliability and efficiency. The modularity of power supplies, converters, and electrical machines is one such solution. Among modular electric machines, dual three-phase (DTP) motors are the most common in high-power drives. To simplify low and medium power drives for EVs based on DTP PM motor, it is proposed to use a BLDC drive and machine of the simplest design - with concentrated windings and surface mounted PMs on the rotor. To study and create such drives, an improved mathematical model of DTP PM machine was developed in this work. It is based on the results of 2D FEM modeling of the magnetic field. According to the developed method, the dependences of the self and mutual inductances between all phase windings from the angle of rotor position and loads of different motor modulus were determined. Based on these inductances, the circuit computer model of DTP PM machine was created in the Matlab/Simulink. It has a high simulation speed and a high level of adequacy, which is confirmed by experimental studies with a mock-up sample of the electric drive system.
8
Content available remote Cewka odbiorcza do badania hodowli komórkowych w średniopolowym systemie rezonansu magnetycznego o indukcji pola 1,5 T
Truszkiewicz Adrian, Kwiatkowski Bogdan, Aebisher David, Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota
Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny
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2020
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Vol. 9, nr 4
249--257
PL
Badanie hodowli komórkowych nastręcza wielu trudności w szczególności dlatego, iż nie można zastosować metod mikroskopii optycznej. W pracy pokazano wstępne badania pozwalające na ocenę przydatności systemów rezonansu magnetycznego o indukcji pola magnetycznego na poziomie 1,5 T. Badania były przeprowadzone na skanerze jednego z czołowych producentów systemów MR. Wyniki badań i eksperymenty jednoznacznie potwierdzają możliwość stosowania tychże systemów do prowadzenia obrazowania małych obiektów, a w szczególności hodowli komórek z rozdzielczością pozwalającą prowadzić dalsze wnioskowanie medyczne badanych obiektów. Na uwagę zasługuje fakt, iż systemy te posiadają wartość pola magnetycznego, które plasuje je w dolnym poziomie stosowanych dzisiaj wartości. Zastosowanie pola o indukcji 1,5 T minimalizuje jego ewentualny przyszły wpływ na hodowle.
EN
The study of cell cultures presents many difficulties, in particular, because optical microscopy methods cannot be used. The paper presents preliminary tests enabling assessment of the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging systems with magnetic field induction at the level of 1.5 Tesla. The tests were carried out on a scanner of one of the leading producers of MR systems. Research results and experiments clearly confirm the possibility of using these systems to perform imaging of small objects, in particular cell culture with a resolution that allows further medical inference of the examined objects. It is worth noting that these systems have a magnetic field value which places it at the lower level of the values used today. The use of a 1.5 Tesla induction field minimizes its possible future impact on cultures.
9
Content available remote The influence of mutual position of joints generating a bipolar field on the decay of the components of the vector of electromagnetic field
Kwiatkowski Bogdan, Bartman Jacek
Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
|
2019
|
R. 95, nr 2
63--66
EN
In the article the influence of mutual position of the upper joint in relation to the lower one on the decay of the electromagnetic field was presented. Moreover, the indirect measurement method was depicted, by means of which the measurements were taken on the surface of the contact circuit. This method enables the simultaneous measurement of all the components of the vector of the electromagnetic field.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wpływ wzajemnego położenia styku górnego względem styku dolnego na rozkład pola elektromagentycznego. Ponadto opisano metodę pomiarową pośrednią za pomocą której pozyskano pomiary na powierzchni układu stykowego. Metoda ta pozwala na jednoczesny pomiar wszystkich składowych wektora pola elektromagnetycznego.
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