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1

Evaluation of Insulation against Contact Heat, Radiant Heat and Sensory Comfort of Basalt Fabric-Based Composites with Parylene C Coating

Tokarska Magdalena, Miśkiewicz Pamela, Puszkarz Adam K., Nosal Andrzej

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2023

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Vol. 31, no. 5

99--108

EN

The article concerns research on using Parylene C coating on basalt fabric-based composites with potential use in protective clothing to improve their insulation against contact heat and radiant heat, as well as the sensory comfort of the user. The outcomes of the contact heat method showed that applying Parylene C coating improved the thermal insulation of all tested composites. Two of them achieved the first efficiency level of protection. The results of the radiant heat method presented that using the Parylene C coating did not cause changes in the thermal insulation against heat radiation of all tested materials; the radiant heat transfer index reached values in the range of 12.4 - 12.9 s. X-ray tomography (micro-CT) allowed for identifying breaks/snaps in basalt fibers irritating the user’s skin in direct contact with the composite. Micro-CT results also showed that using Parylene C coating eliminated the effect of skin irritation and increased the usability of basalt fabrics in clothing.

2

Simulations of Heat Transfer through Multilayer Protective Clothing Exposed to Flame

Puszkarz Adam K., Machnowski Waldemar

Autex Research Journal

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2022

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Vol. 22, no. 3

298--304

EN

In this paper, the safety and thermal comfort of protective clothing used by firefighters was analyzed. Three-dimensional geometry and morphology models of real multilayer assemblies used in thermal protective clothing were mapped by selected Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software. In the designed assembly models, different scales of the resolution were used for the particular layers – a homogenization for nonwoven fabrics model and designing the geometry of the individual yarns in the model of woven fabrics. Then, the finite volume method to simulate heat transfer through the assemblies caused by their exposure to the flame was applied. Finally, the simulation results with experimental measurements conducted according to the EN ISO 9151 were compared. Based on both the experimental and simulation results, parameters describing the tested clothing protective features directly affecting the firefighter’s safety were determined. As a result of the experiment and simulations, comparable values of these parameters were determined, which could show that used methods are an efficient tool in studying the thermal properties of multilayer protective clothing.

3

Analysis of the Thermal Insulation of Textiles Using Thermography and CFD Simulation Based on Micro-CT Models

Puszkarz Adam K., Wojciechowski Jarosław, Krucińska Izabella

Autex Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 20, no. 3

344--351

EN

The article presents the results of an attempt to use high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to model the thermal insulation of clothing as one of the most important parameters affecting the heat balance between a human and his/her surroundings. Cotton knitted fabric applied in functional clothing for newborns and aramid woven fabric used in multilayer protective clothing for firefighters were the tested materials. The 3D models of real textiles based on micro-CT images were developed. Next, the models were applied to heat transfer simulations using the finite volume method. The usefulness of the models was experimentally verified using thermography with real textiles. The simulation results were consistent with the measurement results and confirmed the relationship between the thermal insulation and geometry of the textiles on the one hand and the physical parameters of the raw materials from which they were made on the other hand.

4

Estimation of the Propagation of the Impact Wave Phenomenon as a Result of a Bullet Impact in PACVD-Modified Textiles

Struszczyk Marcin H., Łandwijt Marcin, Wilbik-Hałgas Bożena, Cichecka Magdalena, Urbaniak–Domagała Wiesława, Puszkarz Adam K., Krucińska Izabella

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2019

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Vol. 27, no. 2 (134)

68-73

EN

This complex study was performed using Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (PACVD) modification of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibrous composites and pararamid fabrics with deposition of a fluoro- or silane-like-polymer onto their surface. Research on the phenomenon of the propagation of the shockwave resulting from a bullet hit in an insert model system was performed on the basis of the PN-V-87000:2011 Standard, with the use of 7,62x25 TT 5,5 ± 0,1g bullets. To assess the phenomenon of propagation of the shockwave resulting from a bullet hit in the insert model system, an ultrahigh-speed digital camera was used. The behaviour of the shockwave resulting from the hit of a bullet on the surface of the model insert systems studied depended greatly on the type of textiles introduced to the system. Modification with low-temperature plasma in the presence of vapours of low-molecular-weight fluorinated or silanegenic substrates positively affected the stability of ballistic properties during accelerated aging of woven fabrics and unwoven sheets.

PL

Wykonano kompleksowe badania elastycznych kompozytów włóknistych na bazie UHMWPE i tkanin para-aramidowych poddanych z zastosowaniem modyfikacji plazmą z chemicznym osadzaniem na ich powierzchni z fazy gazowej polimeru fluoro- lub silanopodobnego. Badania odporności na odłamki standardowe wykonano w oparciu o własną procedurę badawczą opracowaną na podstawie STANAG 2920 edycja 2 Ballistic Test Method for Personal Armour Materials and Combat Clothing. Układy modelowe wykonane ze zmodyfikowanych lub niemodyfikowanych arkuszy na bazie UHMWPE wykazywały znacząco odmienny trend zmian odłamkoodporności, w przypadku jako czynniki starzenia zastosowano temperaturę i wilgotność. W układach wykonanych ze zmodyfikowanych nietkanych arkuszy zaobserwowano wzrost wartości V50, podczas gdy V50 układów wykonanych ze niezmodyfikowanych arkuszy zmniejszył się wraz z wydłużeniem procesu przyspieszonego starzenia. Modyfikacja plazmą niskotemperaturową w obecności oparów o niskiej masie cząsteczkowej substratów fluorowych lub silanowych zmieniła właściwości tkanin i włóknin. Wpłynęło to korzystnie na stabilność właściwości balistycznych podczas przyspieszonego starzenia.

5

Ballistic Behaviour of PACVD-Modified Textiles

Łandwijt Marcin, Struszczyk Marcin H., Urbaniak–Domagała Wiesława, Puszkarz Adam K., Wilbik-Hałgas Bożena, Cichecka Magdalena, Krucińska Izabella

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2019

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Vol. 27, no. 1 (133)

85--90

EN

A comprehensive study was performed using the Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (PACVD) modification of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibrous composites and paramid fabrics with the deposition of fluoro-or silane-like-polymer onto their surface. Research on the resistance to fragments was performed on the basis of our own testing procedure elaborated on the basis of the STANAG 2920 Ballistic Test Method For Personal Armour Materials And Combat Clothing, revision 2. The model insert systems made of the modified or unmodified unwoven sheets of UHMWPE fibres exhibited significantly different trends of changes in fragment-proofness when the temperature together with humidity were applied as the ageing factors. In the inserts made of modified unwoven sheets, an increase in the V50 value was observed, while the V50 of the inserts made of unmodified sheets decreased along with the extension of the accelerated ageing process. Modification with low-temperature plasma in the presence of vapours of low-molecular fluorine- or silane-genic substrates altered the properties of the fabrics and unwoven sheets. PACVD modification allows to prevent the destructive influence of humidity during the aging process.

PL

W pracy wykonano kompleksowe badania elastycznych kompozytów włóknistych na bazie UHMWPE i tkanin para-aramidowych poddanych z zastosowaniem modyfikacji plazmą z chemicznym osadzaniem na ich powierzchni z fazy gazowej polimeru fluoro- lub silanopodobnego. Wykonano badania zjawiska propagacji fali uderzeniowej w wyniku uderzenia pocisku w układy modele wykonano na podstawie normy PN-V-87000:2011, przy zastosowaniu amunicji 7,62 x 25 TT 5,5 ± 0,1 g. Do oceny zjawiska propagacji fali uderzeniowej w wyniku uderzenia pocisku w układy modelowe zastosowano ultraszybką kamerę. Zachowanie fali uderzeniowej, będącej skutkiem uderzenia pocisku na powierzchnię badanych układów modelowych, zależy w dużym stopniu od rodzaju tekstyliów wprowadzanych do układu. Modyfikacja plazmą niskotemperaturową w obecności fazy gazowej fluorowych lub silanowych substratów o niskiej masie cząsteczkowej wpłynęła pozytywnie na stabilność właściwości balistycznych podczas przyspieszonego starzenia tkanin i nietkanych arkuszy.