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Analysis of the Thermal Behaviour of CL-20, Potassium Perchlorate, Lithium Perchlorate and Their Admixtures by DSC and TG

Zhang J.-J., Guo X.-J., Jiao Q.-J., Zhang H.-L., Li H.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2018

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Vol. 15, no. 1

115--130

EN

The thermal decomposition characteristics of CL-20, potassium perchlorate (KP), lithium perchlorate (LP), a CL-20/KP mixture, and a CL-20/LP mixture were studied using thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The DSC curves for KP exhibited three endothermic peaks and one exothermic peak. The first two endothermic peaks correspond to the rhombic-cubic transition and the fusion of KP, respectively, the third indicates the fusion of KCl, while the exothermic peak is attributed to the decomposition of KP. The DSC curves obtained from LP showed four endothermic peaks and one exothermic peak. The first two endothermic peaks indicate the loss of adsorbed water and water of crystallization, while the third and fourth are associated with the fusion of LP and LiCl, respectively; the exothermic peak is due to the decomposition of LP. The presence of KP had little effect on the thermal decomposition of CL-20 while the addition of LP increased the temperature at which CL-20 exhibits an exothermic peak. In addition, the thermal decomposition of LP appeared to be catalyzed by the presence of CL-20.

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Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/Ammonium Perchlorate

Zhu Y.-L., Wang K.-K., Shan M.-X., Zheng X.-D., Jiao Q.-J., Wang J.-S.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2016

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Vol. 13, no. 1

149--159

EN

The thermal decomposition kinetics of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/ ammonium perchlorate (HNIW/AP) have been investigated by thermogravimetrydifferential scanning calorimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-DSC-MS) simultaneous analysis. TG showed that there were three weight loss processes for the thermal decomposition of the HNIW/AP mixture. The first was ascribed mainly to the thermal decomposition of HNIW, while the second and third were assigned to that of AP. The presence of AP has little effect on the thermal decomposition process of the HNIW component. The apparent activation energy of the thermal decomposition of the HNIW component, calculated by the Kissinger method, was little changed compared to that of neat HNIW. The addition of HNIW to AP caused the onset and end temperatures of the thermal decomposition to be decreased and the decomposition process to be shortened. The high-temperature and lowtemperature decomposition processes of AP became blurred in the presence of HNIW, and this was supported by the MS results.

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Research on the Mechanism and Kinetics of Polymorphic Transitions of ε CL-20 in Composite Systems

Guo X.-Y., Zhang P., Xu J.-J., Wang Z.-H., Jiao Q.-J.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2015

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Vol. 12, no. 4

689--702

EN

In order to explore the polymorphic transition law for ε-CL-20 in composite systems, the polymorphic transition process of pure ε-CL-20 crystals stimulated by heat was investigated by the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method, and the kinetic parameters of the polymorphic transition process were calculated (including the apparent activation energy Ea and the pre-exponential factor lnA). Meanwhile the effects of different additives on the polymorphic transition process and kinetics of ε-CL-20 were explored in detail. The experimental results showed that the ε-form tends to transform into the γ- form on heating and that the Ea and lnA for the transition process were 209.97 kJ/mol and 57.47, respectively. The first group of additives clearly promoted the polymorphic transition of ε-CL-20 and lowered the initial transition temperature and the activation energy. The second and third groups of additives inhibited the polymorphic transition of ε-CL-20 and raised the initial transition temperature and the activation energy.