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Impact of the Presence of Foreign Bodies on Quality and Value of Oak Timber

Michalec Krzysztof, Wąsik Radosław, Gach Monika

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

2023

Vol. 66, nr 211

Art. no. 1644-3985.438.05

The paper discusses the impact of the presence of foreign bodies on the quality and value of oak timber as raw material. During the study, 109 oak bolts and logs with a total volume of 142.52 m3 were measured and classified. The material for the study came from the Suchowice Forest District, within the Henryków Forestry Inspectorate (in the south-western part of Poland), and it was sampled from a tree stand located on the edge of the forest, where the largest concentration of rifle and artillery fire had occurred during World War II. As a result, the tree trunks contain significant amounts of shrapnel and projectiles. The length and diameter of each bolt and log were measured, and double classification was conducted: the first (I) classification took into account the presence of foreign bodies, whereas in the second (II) classification the presence of foreign bodies was disregarded. As a result of the conducted analyses, it was found that due to the presence of foreign bodies, all of the examined oak raw material was categorised as the worst quality class (D) timber. However, it was noted that during the second classification, where the presence of foreign bodies was not taken into account, a significant part of the raw material was upgraded to better quality classes, and only about 16% of wood remained in the worst, D class. Subsequently, it was calculated that the difference in the total value of the oak timber raw material classified by two methods amounted to approx. 204 thousand PLN (ca. € 43,514) - which was about 35% higher than the value calculated by the first method of classification.

The occurrence and size of false heartwood in beech timber

Michalec Krzysztof, Wąsik Radosław, Gach Monika

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

2022

Vol. 65, nr 209

art. no. 1644-3985.385.08

The aim of this study was to analyse the occurrence and size of false heartwood in beech timber over the lower and upper log faces. The research was carried out on 350 beech trunks where the presence of false heartwood was found on at least one of the log faces. The research material came from the Jarosław and Lesko Forest District (the Regional Directorate of the State Forests (RDSF) in Krosno) and the Pińczów Forest District (RDSF Radom). The following measurements were taken on selected logs: the mean bottom diameter, the mean upper diameter, the length of the analysed trunks, the maximum diameter of the false heartwood at both ends. As a result of the research, it was found that the maximum diameter of false heartwood on the beech log faces ranges from 30% to 40%, and a statistical test showed no significant difference in the extent of the defect between the lower and the upper face (t = -0.389; df = 612; p-value = 0.697). An analysis of the presence of the examined feature on the log faces showed that there were cases in which false heartwood appeared only over the lower face or only over the upper one. It was also noted that almost half of the examined logs had a larger diameter of the defect over the upper face than over the lower one. This study also examined the existence of a correlation between the diameter of the log face, log length and the percentage of the defect. The statistical test showed no significant correlation for both the lower and the upper face and the log length.