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Using the FRAM to Understand Arctic Ship Navigation: Assessing Work Processes During the Exxon Valdez Grounding

Smith D., Veitch B., Khan F., Taylor R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2018

Vol. 12, no. 3

447--457

Arctic shipping involves a complex combination of inter-related factors that need to be managed correctly for operations to succeed. In this paper, the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) is used to assess the combination of human, technical, and organizational factors that constitute a shipping operation. A methodology is presented on how to apply the FRAM to a domain, with a focus on ship navigation. The method draws on ship navigators to inform the building of the model and to learn about practical variations that must be managed to effectively navigate a ship. The Exxon Valdez case is used to illustrate the model’s utility and provide some context to the information gathered by this investigation. The functional signature of the work processes of the Exxon Valdez on the night of the grounding is presented. This shows the functional dynamics of that particular ship navigation case, and serves to illustrate how the FRAM approach can provide another perspective on the safety of complex operations.

Rzeka Radunia - wpływ funkcjonowania strefy ochronnej ujęcia wody pitnej Gdańska

Niemirycz E., Taylor R.

Gospodarka Wodna

2000

Nr 4

139-143

Badania jakości wód rzeki Raduni wykazały, że wprowadzenie w 1975 r. strefy ochrony ujęcia wody "Straszyce" nie zapobiegło pogorszeniu się stanu czystości i wód rzeki. Głównymi przyczynami tego są intensywny rozwój gospodarczy w zlewni oraz niedostateczne egzekwowanie zadań warukujących zachowanie czystości rzeki.

Measurements of water quality of the river Radunia have proved that the establishment of the protection zone of the water intake station ,,Straszyce" has not prevented the water quality from deterioration. The main reasons for that are the intensive economic development in the river basin and not satisfactory exaction of injuctions which condition preservation of water purity.