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1
Content available remote Improved rack and pinion drive
Sawicki Tadeusz
Technical Transactions
|
2021
|
Vol. 118, iss. 1
art. no. e2021013
EN
A typical rack and pinion drive set is comprised of a rack and a pinion. There is an inter-tooth clearance between the mating teeth of the rack and the pinion, which has advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantage of this clearance is the errors that occur in the positioning of the machine tool during set-up. Elimination of clearance between teeth is possible by using a pinion drive with two pinions. This ensures continuous contact between the teeth, regardless of the direction of machine movement. These are found on new machines, while older machines do not have such a solution. This paper presents a solution with two pinions, which can be used in such older machines and which makes it possible to achieve qualitative parameters that were not possible before.
2
Content available Hydrauliczne łożysko wielkogabarytowego stołu obrotowego
Sawicki Tadeusz
Napędy i Sterowanie
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2020
|
R. 22, nr 6
42--44
PL
Obecnie w przemyśle maszynowym spotykane są wielkogabarytowe stoły obrotowe. Takim typowym przykładem są tokarki karuzelowe w całym zakresie ich typów i wielkości. Oprócz tego stoły te stanowią, wyposażenie obrabiarek, np. wiertarko-frezarek.
EN
The engineering industry uses different rotary tables in practice. They are used as parts of vertical lathes, or as equipment for other machine tools. The diameters of these tables can reach the size of up to several dozen meters and the load capacity of up to several dozen tonnes. The main element transferring the table load during operation is a large size thrust bearing. Ball or spherical roller bearings are most often used in the construction of rotary tables. When transferring large loads between rolling elements and raceways, there are high point surface pressures. This creates local deformations which have a negative effect on the accuracy of the work pieces. A hydraulic thrust bearing made of two steel bearing rings does not have such a disadvantage. The stationary lower ring is attached to the lathe body and the steel upper ring is lined with plastic to the rotary table. The principle of operation of the hydraulic bearing is that between these two rings oil is fed under pressure during operation. This creates a very thin layer of oil between the rings, which transfers the load and lubricates at the same time. The oil is fed continuously during machine operation and circulates in a closed circuit. This solution is cheap, simple in construction and has a long service life.
3
Content available Urządzenie do obcinania dennic
Sawicki Tadeusz
Napędy i Sterowanie
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2019
|
R. 21, nr 9
165--166
PL
Zdecydowana większość wykonywanych dennic, służących do produkcji zbiorników i cystern, wytwarzana jest metodą tłoczenia na gorąco. Dennica wytłoczona na gorąco nie jest idealnie okrągła i zawsze posiada naddatek na obcięcie. Średnicę dennicy po tłoczeniu wyznacza się z obwodu, tj. mierząc obwód i dzieląc przez liczbę π, otrzymujemy wymagany wymiar. Wysokość dennic jest ściśle regulowana normami i przepisami i uzyskuje się ją po obcięciu.
EN
A considerable number of dished ends of cylindrical tanks, silos and pressure vessels is produced by hot forming. The surplus material obtained in this process needs to be trimmed off for the dished ends to meet the design requirements and conform to the design standards. This is usually achieved by using specialised flanging machines. The two main functional components of these machines are the cutting torch and the carriage platform. The cutting torch must have provisions for being precisely positioned against the flange. The carriage platform must enable smooth movement of the dished ends at a range of angular speeds, thus facilitating accurate operation of the cutting torch. Apart from ensuring dimensional specifications are met, flanging machines often enable a chamfer to be applied to the edge of the flange.
4
Content available Drugi zębnik – budowa i montaż w obrabiarce
Sawicki Tadeusz
Napędy i Sterowanie
|
2019
|
R. 21, nr 6
76--77
PL
Obecnie w przemyśle maszynowym pracują nowoczesne obrabiarki, które przemieszczane są po prowadnicach za pomocą mechanizmów kulowych. Mechanizmy te są drogie i skomplikowane w montażu obrabiarki, szczególnie gdy dotyczy to przejazdu po poziomych długich prowadnicach.
EN
A lot of horizontal boring mills moving on horizontal guide ways using traditional solution type toothed bar and pinion still work in the machine industry. This kind of drive shows errors in positioning caused by clearance in meshing between teeth of toothed bar and pinion. The existing clearance increases with the working time of the machine as a result of wear of the parts mating with each other. Inter-teeth clearance has a negative effect on the accuracy of the workpiece being machined. An effective way to improve the positioning of the machine while driving on the guides is to mount the second pinion to the drive. The principle of the second pinion operation is so that if the first pinion has contact with the tooth of the toothed bar on one side, the second pinion always contacts the tooth of the toothed bar on the other side. This arrangement of both pinions eliminates the negative impact of the inter-teeth clearance, and thus contributes to improving the accuracy of the machine tool.
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