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Coal Post-Mining Reclamation Using Pterocarpus indicus

Nutayla Nazula, Rejo Amin, Adhiguna Rizky Tirta

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 12

366--376

Coal mining is generally carried out through open pit mining methods which have an impact and become an obstacle to changes in the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil. Revegetation of reclaimed land is a priority in restoring ecosystems disrupted by mining activities. This study aims to assess the success of the direct planting method in accelerating the growth of Pterocarpus indicus plants in coal mining reclamation areas. Field data and observations are used to evaluate the growth of plants directly planted in reclaimed post-mining land. The growth parameters observed include plant height, stem diameter, and leaf count using both seedling and stem-cutting planting materials. The research results indicate that the direct planting method has a significant impact on accelerating the growth of Pterocarpus indicus plants. The plant height, diameter, and leaf count growth from the ANOVA test results showed a significant effect or significance at p<0.05 for the interaction between planting material, fertilizer, and dosage. The Duncan test results for the average plant height, stem diameter, and leaf count indicate the optimal use of bokashi fertilizer. The effective bokashi fertilizer dosage for each variable is 3 kg/planting hole, resulting in a plant height of 102.31 cm; 3 kg/planting hole, resulting in a stem diameter of 24.26 cm; and 5 kg/planting hole, resulting in a leaf count of 41.32.

Biomethane Emissions: Measurement in Wastewater Pond at Palm Oil Mill by Using TGS2611 Methane Gas Sensor

Putro Ledis Heru Saryono, Budianta Dedik, Rohendi Dedi, Rejo Amin

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 6

25--35

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) contains high amounts of organic matter, potentially as a source of environmental pollution. The processing of POME in anaerobic ponds is produced by biomethane, which is a greenhouse gas and also is a potential as a renewable energy source. Indonesia is the world’s largest CPO producer, but POME processing is still mostly done by conventional methods without methane capture. In this system, the value of methane emitted into the atmosphere is unknown. This research focused on estimating the methane emissions in anaerobic ponds (AP) multiple feeding wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for land applications, with CH4-meter systems based on TGS2611 sensors, SHT11 and microcontrollers, and using closed static chambers. The sampling of wastewater and methane gas was carried out in October-November 2018. The results showed that the methane gas emissions in combined anaerobic ponds (AP2-AP1) and AP3 were 43,704 and 35,321 mg/m2/day respectively, and a total of 405.358 and 61.812 kg/day sequential on AP2-AP1 (9,275 m2) and AP3 (1,750 m m2). It was obtained from the correlation between methane emissions with removed COD as a conversion coefficient of 0.2107 kg CH4/kg COD removed. On the basis of linear regression with R22 0.9725, it was still below the theoretical value (stoichiometry) of 0.25 kg CH4/kg COD removed. From the conversion coefficient, COD removed, and the amount of POME in 2018, which was 104,179 m3, contributed to emitting 462 tons of methane from the entire anaerobic pond. This conversion coefficient can be used to quickly estimate the methane emissions in Indonesian palm oil mills.