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Parameter optimization and compressive property of the TC31 titanium alloy X‑type lattice structure by the superplastic forming/diffusion bonding process

Wu Dipeng, Chen Minghe, Fan Ronglei, Xiao Wenchao, Wu Yong

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2023

Vol. 23, no. 2

art. no. e137, 2023

The superplastic forming and diffusion bonding (SPF/DB) process was investigated for the manufacture of the TC31 titanium alloy X-type lattice structure. The finite element (FE) model was used to simulate the SPF process and compression behavior of the X-type lattice structure, and the deformation and compression failure modes were analyzed. A theoretical model was revised to predict the structural compressive strength. The results showed that the material processed by heat treatment still had great plasticity with the maximum elongation of 142.5% at 920 °C. The bonding rate, thinning rate and shear strength of the TC31 alloy joint bonded at 920 °C/3 MPa/60 min were 97.1%, 5.56% and 364 MPa, respectively, which indicated it was suitable for the X-type lattice truss structure to formed in the process parameter. Based on the result of the fundamental test and FE simulation, the X-type lattice structure could be fabricated by DB at 920 °C/3 MPa/60 min and SPF at 920 °C with a target strain rate of 0.001 s-1. Thickness measurements indicated that the area with a maximum thinning rate of 32.9% was located at the transition filet between the bonding areas and the ribs. The surface compressive strength of the X-type lattice structure was 1.51 MPa with a relative density of 0.015 when rib width was 5 mm, and the rib plastic buckling was considered as the failure mode of the TC31 titanium alloy lattice structure formed by SPF/DB. The surface compressive strength of the simulation results is 1.59 MPa with an error of 5.3%. The decrease of material properties and rib local thinning affect the accuracy of the theoretical predictions, and the revised theoretical result is 1.52 MPa with an error of 0.7%.