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1
Content available A model approach to medium- and short-term planning in a research institute
Turek Marian, Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2024
|
z. 191
571--583
EN
Purpose: This paper is aimed at presenting the proper significance of the research institute operations’ planning, including, but not limited to, the ones relating to the development of tactical and operating plans. It refers to the development of the tactical and operating activity plans in research institutes. Their importance for the effective institute work organization is stressed. Design/methodology/approach: Its provisions are based primarily on the analysis of reference works and various planning documents developed in different institutes. Findings: To guarantee that the projects will ensure existence and development of the institute, the plan scope (in particular for the operational ones) should cover the largest scope of the institute operations possible. The applicable legal requirements refer to four different plans, including two operational ones, i.e. the activity and financial plan. Besides them, it is advisable to develop plans “complementing” the implementation scope of the assumptions made in the operational strategy or medium-term plans, e.g. the marketing activity plan or plan to employ the required scientific or technical personnel. Originality/value: In the article, the authors attempt to adapt universal planning principles to the specific activities of research institutes. This is a new issue and a response to practical needs.
2
Content available The usage of renewable energy sources by countries in the Visegrád Group. Diagnosis and environmental effects
Jonek-Kowalska Izabela, Kurdelski Tomasz
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2022
|
z. 161
37--51
EN
Purpose: The goal of this article is evaluation and comparative analysis of the usage of renewable energy sources in the countries of the Visegrád Group in the years 2000-2020, in context of the current environmental situation in the European Union, concerning the reduction of CO2 emissions. Design/methodology/approach: The data regarding the creation of renewable energy used in this article is divided into: solar energy, wind energy, biomass and hydroenergy the division, in order to evaluate their usage in the energy mix of the Visegrád Group nations. Furthermore, in the research, the data on CO2 emissions in those countries has been used to measure the effects of the European Union's environment policy. This analysis used: average annual rate of change, trend function, as well as dependency analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Findings: The results of the study suggest, that all of the countries belonging to the Visegrád Group take systemic measures to increase the share of renewable sources in the energy mix (most intensively in Poland). Nonetheless, the countries that reduce CO2 emissions the fastest are the Czech Republic and Slovakia. A smaller amount of success in this area is noted by Hungary. The CO2 emission rate per capita in Poland is maintained on a constant level, which shows ineffectiveness of the actions taken as part of the environmental policy. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of the study is the usage of simple analytical methods of evaluation, that result from poor quality of available data and the restriction of the environmental effect assessment, which only identifies the correlation of linear relationships between CO2 emissions and the involvement of renewable sources in the energy mix of the studied countries. Practical implications: The results represent a foundation for recommendations to address the energetic policies of the studied countries. They may also serve as an example of the energy mix transformation in growing economies. Social implications: The results point to a low usage of renewable energy in the Visegrád Group and also partly (Poland, Hungary) a small range of the reduction of CO2 emissions per capita, which suggests the need to intensify actions for more efficient energy mix transformations, as well as sustainable development in the studied countries. Originality/value: The authenticity of the study results stems from a comparative analysis of the Visegrád Group's countries energy resource mix. Another advantage of this analysis is its embedding in the context of CO2 emission results.
3
Content available Use of customer satisfaction survey in analytical marketing of a research institute
Dulewski Mateusz, Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2020
|
z. 145
89--100
EN
Purpose: Research institutes in Poland, when focusing on scientific and research activities, do not always find time and are not always keen on preparing and using modern marketing tools. Meanwhile, these tools in the conditions of strong competition could significantly improve their relations with customers and the strength of market influence. Given the above circumstances, the purpose of this article is to present the design, implementation and results of a customer satisfaction survey at one of the Polish research institutes. Design/methodology/approach: As part of the design and implementation of the customer satisfaction survey, the Net Promoter Score method and marketing automation instruments were used to assess the quality of customer relations and the level of customer loyalty to the studied institute (case study). Findings: The surveyed customers were mostly satisfied with the services and relationships with the described research institute. The areas requiring improvement were the pricing policy and the way the offer was presented. Research limitations/implications: Limitations resulting from research are typical for case studies and relate to the inability to generalize the results. Nevertheless, the obtained conclusions may constitute the basis for improving analytical marketing tools in other research units. Originality/value: The cognitive value of the article includes the design and implementation of a customer satisfaction survey at a research institute, and personalized practical conclusions about the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty of the studied institute.
4
Content available Use of customer satisfaction survey in analytical marketing of a research institute
Dulewski Mateusz, Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2020
|
z. 148
117--128
EN
Purpose: Research institutes in Poland, when focusing on scientific and research activities, do not always find time and are not always keen on preparing and using modern marketing tools. Meanwhile, these tools in the conditions of strong competition could significantly improve their relations with customers and the strength of market influence. Given the above circumstances, the purpose of this article is to present the design, implementation and results of a customer satisfaction survey at one of the Polish research institutes. Design/methodology/approach: As part of the design and implementation of the customer satisfaction survey, the Net Promoter Score method and marketing automation instruments were used to assess the quality of customer relations and the level of customer loyalty to the studied institute (case study). Findings: The surveyed customers were mostly satisfied with the services and relationships with the described research institute. The areas requiring improvement were the pricing policy and the way the offer was presented. Research limitations/implications: Limitations resulting from research are typical for case studies and relate to the inability to generalize the results. Nevertheless, the obtained conclusions may constitute the basis for improving analytical marketing tools in other research units. Originality/value: The cognitive value of the article includes the design and implementation of a customer satisfaction survey at a research institute, and personalized practical conclusions about the level of customer satisfaction and loyalty of the studied institute.
5
Content available Economic conditions for the development of smart cities in Poland in a regional perspective
Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
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2020
|
z. 146
187--198
EN
Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to identify the economic conditions for the development of smart cities in Poland and their changes over time. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this goal, the first part of the article presents the distinguishing features of a smart city. Then, in national and international terms, the regions in which such units develop most dynamically and most often are indicated. In the second part of the article, the analysis of economic conditions is limited to Poland in the Voivodeship system. In the course of the study, budget data of Polish communes from 2003-2017 are used. The study covers the level of income per capita, as well as property and investment expenses, while looking for regularities and features that predispose a given region for creating smart cities. At the end, tips are formulated with the orientation both at supporting the idea of developing smart cities in Poland and preventing economic exclusion of those regions that are currently not actively participating in their creation. Findings: The incomes of communes in Poland in all researched Voivodeships in the years 2003-2017 systematically increased. The overall increase in the value of income per capita over the fifteen year research period ranged from 78% to almost 120%. However, the fastest income growth rate concerned Voivodeships with the largest number of smart cities (already existing and listed in international rankings and classifications) and the highest absolute income per capita. These were the Masovian and Pomeranian Voivodeships, which, in connection with the above, can be considered the most entitled to create smart cities in Poland. Originality/value: The research on financial aspects of smart cities development is rarely analyzed in literature and practice, therefore the results and conclusions fill the existing gap and contribute to municipal economics and management, especially in Poland.
6
Content available Improving cost management in a mining enterprise. Identification of the directions of necessary changes in the context of the current state diagnosis
Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2019
|
z. 136
179--189
EN
The purpose of this article is to identify the desired changes in cost management in Polish mining enterprises, based on the results of the diagnosis made in the period of the years 2001-2016. To achieve this goal, the first part of the article describes the previous experience of Polish mining enterprises in the field of cost management, and then formulates the main directions of improving this process, aiming at improving their efficiency.
7
Content available Identification of budgetary sources of risk in Polish smart cities. Practical approach
Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
|
2019
|
z. 140
147--162
EN
The main aim of the article is to identify budgetary sources of risk in managing a smart city. This task is carried out on the basis of budgetary data concerning local government units in Poland. The conducted research and considerations are limited to cities with poviat (district) rights, assuming that these are the units with the greatest potential in terms of being “smart”. In the course of research, the budgetary risk is divided into two categories: (1) operational, relating to the level of total expenditures and revenues and the current budget balance, and (2) strategic, relating to the economic situation, budget inflows from income tax on natural and legal persons and indebtedness of the analyzed units. In addition, budgetary risk is considered in two regional and local research perspectives, using classic risk assessment measures, such as the coefficient of variation, standard deviation and range. The analysis and assessment shows that, among the operational sources of risk threatening the development of smart cities, the most serious is the large revenue disparity in individual voivodeships and cities with poviat rights and a high level of budget deficit in more than a dozen or so analyzed units. In the case of strategic sources, the most important threat is the above-average level of indebtedness of a significant part of cities with poviat rights, which constitutes a significant financial burden in subsequent periods, hindering the creation and development of smart cities in Poland.
8
Content available Economic aspects of reducing low-stack emission in Poland
Turek Marian, Michalak Aneta, Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment
|
2019
|
Vol. 1, nr 1
343--351
EN
The objective of the paper is to present the problem of low-stack emission in the economic and financial context. The paper presents the results of preliminary research based on literature review and environmental reports. After completing the selection of publications and data extraction, which could help to describe the issue raised, their analysis, comparison and generalization was conducted. The aspects presented may constitute a starting point in building a model of pricing the economic results of low-stack emission. In the first place the phenomenon of smog was subject to analysis, as one of the most significant consequences of low-stack emission, influencing health of human beings, environment and tangible assets. Then an attempt was made to express the previously identified results of low-stack emission in the economic and financial categories, taking into consideration the costs incurred for the purposes of completing the undertakings aimed at decreasing low-stack emission, costs avoided due to the decrease of the number of illnesses caused by low-stack emission, costs avoided due to the restriction of the negative influence of low-stack emission on the environment and on tangible assets as well as economic benefits achieved thanks to the reduction of low-stack emission.
9
Content available Exposure of Polish enterprises to risk within business cycle
Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Managerial Economics
|
2018
|
Vol. 19, no. 2
187--203
EN
In economies with relatively short free-market traditions, enterprises are highly exposed to general economic risk, including fluctuations in the business cycle, which may result in the limitation of their development opportunities and discourage them from undertaking business activity. Having regard to the aforementioned circumstances, the main goal of this article is to assess the exposure of Polish enterprises to the risk related to changes in the economic situation. To achieve the goal set in such a manner, the first part of the article covers the grounds for the undertaken research along with an overview of the literature concerning the presented issues. In the second part of the article, the results of the risk assessment and the relationships of its level to the course of the business cycle in Poland during the years of 2000 to 2015 are shown. In the process of risk measurement, the statistical measures of variability and dynamics indices regarding the financial results of Polish enterprises are used. Whereas, in the course of determining the changes in the business cycle, the author makes use of the changes in the level of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
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