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Badania karbonatyzacji betonu

Raczkiewicz Wioletta, Wójcicki Artur, Wójcicki Adam

Przegląd Budowlany

2023

R. 94, nr 11-12

39--43

W artykule zawarto informacje na temat metod badania karbonatyzacji betonu w kontekście oceny otuliny betonowej i jej wpływu na zapewnienie trwałości elementów konstrukcji żelbetowych. Opisane zostały zarówno proste testy kolorymetryczne wykonywane in-situ, jak i analizy laboratoryjne wykonywane na próbkach pobranych z konstrukcji.

The paper contains information on the methods used to test carbonation of concrete in the context of the assessment of the concrete cover and its impact on ensuring the durability of reinforced concrete structure elements. Both simple colorimetric tests performed in-situ and laboratory analyses performed on samples taken from the structure are described.

Poszukiwanie i rozpoznawanie złóż ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego w Polsce : szósta runda przetargowa

Wójcik Krystian, Zacharski Jarosław, Łojek Marcin, Wróblewska Sara, Kiersnowski Hubert, Waśkiewicz Krzysztof, Wójcicki Adam, Laskowicz Rafał, Sobień Katarzyna, Peryt Tadeusz, Chylińska-Macios Agnieszka, Sienkiewicz Jagoda

Przegląd Geologiczny

2022

Vol. 70, nr 5

363--372

On June 30, 2021 the Polish Minister of Climate and Environment announced the boundaries of five areas dedicated for the next, 6th tender round for hydrocarbon concessions in Poland, planned for the second half of 2022. These are: Block 413-414, Block 208, Cybinka-Torzym, Zielona Góra West, and Koto tender areas. The main exploration target of these areas is related to conventional and unconventional accumulations of gas and oil in the Carpathian basement, Carpathian Foredeep and Outer Carpathians (Block 413-414), as well as in the Carboniferous, Permian Rotliegend, Zechstein Limestone, and Main Dolomite (Block 208, Cybinka-Torzym, Zielona Góra West) and in the Mesozoic of the Polish Lowlands (Koto). The other way of granting hydrocarbon concessions in Poland is the open door procedure, in which an entity may apply for concessions for any other area.

The estimation of CO2 storage potential of a gas-bearing shale succession at the early stage of reservoir characterization : a case study from the Baltic Basin (Poland)

Wójcicki Adam, Jarosiński Marek, Roman Michał Grzegorz

Geological Quarterly

2021

Vol. 65, No. 1

art. no. 3

Estimation of the CO2 storage potential of gas-bearing shales in the Lower Paleozoic Baltic Basin is at an early stage of reservoir exploration and production, based on data from one vertical exploration borehole, supplemented with some information from adjacent boreholes. The borehole section examined is 120 m long and comprises three intervals enriched with organic matter separated by organic-poor intervals. In our approach, the storage capacity is represented by: (1) sorption potential of organic matter, (2) open pore space and (3) potential fracture space. The potential for adsorbed CO2 was determined from Langmuir isotherm parameters taken from laboratory measurements and recalculated from CH4 adsorption curves. The pore space capacity was estimated in two ways: by utilizing results of laboratory measurements of dynamic capacity for pores >100 nm and using results of helium porosimetry, the first of these being considered as the most relevant. Due to the low permeability of the shale matrix we have adopted the standard assumption that the CO2 is able to reach effectively only 10% of the theoretical total sorption and pore volume. For hydraulic fracture space, the theoretical maximum opening of vertical fractures in the direction of minimum horizontal stress was considered, decreased by the expected portion of fracturing fluid flowback and by partial fracture closure by burial compaction. The effectiveness of three CO2 storage categories for the individual organic-rich and organic-poor shale units shows an obvious positive correlation of TOC content with the storage efficiency by sorption and within pore space, and a negative correlation with the storage efficiency in hydraulic fractures. It was estimated that sorption, over the maximum storage interval (120 m thick), is responsible for ~76% of total storage capacity, pore space accounts for 13% (for the most relevant porosity model) while the contribution of fractures is 11%. In the minimum storage interval (35 m thick, including the best quality shales) the estimated proportions of sorption, pore space and fractures in the total storage capacity are 84, 10 and 6% respectively. Finally, the result for the best quality storage interval (35 m thick) was compared with the Marcellus Shale of similar thickness (average ~38 m) and with other options of CO2 storage in Poland. The most organic-rich units in the area studied have a CO2 storage capacity efficiency (i.e. storage capacity per volume unit of shale) only slightly less than average for the Marcellus Shale, because sorption capacity – the dominant component – is comparable in both cases. However, the open pore space capacity in the Marcellus Shale appears to be far higher, even if the potential fracture space calculated for the borehole studied is taken into consideration, probably because the free gas content in the Marcellus Shale is far higher than in the Baltic Basin. CO2 storage in depleted shale gas wells is not a competitive solution compared to storage in saline aquifer structures or in larger hydrocarbon fields.