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Purification and characterisation of ferritin from the Baltic blue mussel Mytilus trossulus

Potrykus J., Kosakowska A.

Oceanologia

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2009

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No. 51 (4)

525-539

EN

Baltic blue mussels Mytilus trossulus were collected from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea) in order to isolate ferritin from its soft tissues, as well as to purify and characterise this protein. Proteins were isolated from the inner organs of M. trossulus (hepatopancreas, gills and soft tissue residue) by thermal denaturation (70°C) and acidification (pH 4.5) of the homogenates, followed by ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) fractionation. The ferritin was then separated by ultracentrifugation (100 000 × g, 120 min.). The protein content in the purified homogenates was determined by the Lowry method using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and horse spleen ferritin (HSF) as standards. PAGE-SDS and Western blotting analysis permitted identification of ferritin in the purified preparations. Additionally, the purified homogenates and mussel soft tissue were analysed for their heavy metal contents (especially cadmium and iron) in a Video 11 E atomic absorption spectrophotometer, following wet digestion of the samples (HNO3/HClO4). The electrophoregrams showed that the inner organs of M. trossulus contained ferritin, which, like plant ferritin, is characterised by the presence of subunits in the electrophoregram in the 26.6-28.0 kDa range. The highest ferritin content was recorded in the hepatopancreas, followed by the gills and the soft tissue residue. With regard to the sampling stations, the highest content of ferritin was noted in the animals sampled off Sopot (station D3), and in those collected by a diver off Jastarnia (W1) and Gdynia (W4). Ferritin isolated from the inner organs of mussels collected from these stations also contained the largest quantities of heavy metals (Cd and Fe). Ferritin isolated from the inner organs of mussels collected by a diver from wrecks - sites where the concentrations of iron and other trace metals in the sea water are high - contained higher quantities of heavy metals (Cd and Fe) than the ferritin isolated from the inner organs of mussels collected with the drag. This confirms that ferritin is a protein able to store and transport not only iron, but also, though to a lesser extent, some other heavy metals, including cadmium.

2

Ekologiczne aspekty smarowania maszyn.

Czarny R., Lawrowski Z., Potrykus J.

Zagadnienia Eksploatacji Maszyn

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2005

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Vol. 40, nr 1

7-24

PL

Rozważa się możliwości zmniejszenia zanieczyszczenia środowiska naturalnego spowodowanego smarowaniem. Następujące grupy działań mają temu sprzyjać: tworzenie odpowiednich środków smarnych, właściwe rozwiązania konstrukcyjne i stosowanie właściwych technik smarowania, odpowiednia eksploatacja maszyn i urządzeń.

EN

In this paper possible methods for the reduction of lubricant pollution in the natural environment were considered. The proposed methods are multi-channel oriented. First of all, the currently used lubricants shall be replaced by biodegradable lubricants, which is especially important in open lubrication systems. Recommended are, as far as it is possible, closed lubrication systems, lubrication automation, custom designed sealing systems and the use of self-lubricating materials. The quality of lubricant materials shall be maintained by proper filtering devices and all leakage shall be prevented. The latter ones, even in small but cumulative amounts, pose a real threat to the environment. All these aspects were discussed and illustrated with examples of actual design solutions.

3

Content and pattern of organic pollutants (PAHs, PCBs and DDT) in blue mussels Mytilus trossulus from the southern Baltic Sea

Potrykus J., Albalat A., Pempkowiak J., Porte C.

Oceanologia

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2003

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No. 45 (2)

337-355

EN

The objective of this work was to assess the contents and patterns of selected organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - PAHs, polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs, and chlorinated pesticides - DDT) in the southern part of the Baltic Sea proper, using blue mussels, Mytilus trossulus, as sentinel organisms. The mussels were collected from the Baltic Sea off Poland. The sampling programme focused on the mouths of the rivers Odra and Vistula, located respectively in the Pomeranian Bay and the Gulf of Gdansk, both known to be under anthropogenic pressure. The analyses of PCBs and DDT were performed by GC-ECD, that of PAHs by GC-MS. Mussels from both the Vistula and Odra estuaries were found to contain higher levels of organic contaminants (PAHs, PCBs, DDT; 29.7 ng g-1 w.w. (wet weight), 22.3 ng g-1 w.w., 11.2 ng g-1 w.w. respectively) as compared to the reference point (PAHs - 8.6 ng g-1 w.w., PCBs - 1.9 ng g-1 w.w., DDT - 1.3 ng g-1 w.w.). These results confirm the direct influence of land-based pollution sources on the content of organic pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, and DDT) in the southern Baltic Sea, and point to the Gulf of Gdansk as the area most under threat. P/A and Fluo/Py ratios indicate that in all the mussels analysed, the contaminants were derived mainly from pyrolitic combustion. The mussels collected along the Polish coast of the Baltic contain mostly tetra-aromatic isomers (fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene and chrysene), penta-aromatic isomers (benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(e)fluorene, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenzo(a,h)-anthracene) and hexa-aromatics (indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene and benzo(ghi)perylene) rather than di- and tri-aromatics (naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene and anthracene). As regards PCBs, the Baltic mussels contain mostly the more highly chlorinated congeners (penta- and hexachlorobiphenyls). The PCB / pp' DDE and PAH / pp' DDE ratios indicate the predominance of PCBs and PAHs over agriculturally derived DDE in both the Pomeranian Bay and the Gulf of Gdansk.

4

Nobilitacja zminimalizowanego smarowania.

Potrykus J.

Mechanik

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2001

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R. 74, nr 2

77-81

PL

Wychodząc z teorii elastohydrodynamicznego (EHD) smarowania, przedstawiono definicję zminimalizowanego smarowania, różne techniki praktycznej realizacji oraz energetyczne, ekologiczne i ekonomiczne aspekty jej stosowania.

EN

Basing on the theory of elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication, the definition of the minimized lubrication is presented. Various techniques of its practical realization, as well as power, ecological and economic aspects of its application.

5

Ekologiczne aspekty mokrych technologii i perspektywy ich substytucji

Potrykus J.

Inżynieria Maszyn

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2001

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R. 6, z. 4

60-77

PL

Omówiono zalety i wady mokrych technologii. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono ekologicznym i ekonomicznym konsekwencjom stosowania cieczy chłodząco-smarujących w technologii obróbki skrawaniem części maszyn. Przedstawiono rodzaje bezpośrednich zagrożeń dla operatorów maszyn technologicznych, jak i techniczne oraz środowiskowe problemy, wynikające z konieczności neutralizacji dużej masy odpadowej, jaką stanowią zużyte płyny technologiczne. Wskazano na możliwości i perspektywy zastosowania alternatywnych technologii obróbki ubytkowej na sucho lub przy użyciu niewielkiej ilości środka smarowego. Przedstawiono wnioski, co do perspektyw stosowania alternatywnych technologii, wynikające z najnowszych badań i danych statystycznych.

EN

The advantage and disadvantage of wet technology using in machine industry was discussed. Special attention was spent on ecological and economic consequences of using cooling lubricant liquid in the technology of mechanical forming of machine parts. The kinds of direct hazards for technological machine operators was presented and technique and environmental problems follow from necessity of neutralisation of large quantity of waste materials which are waste technological liquids. The possibilities and perspectives of using alternative technologies of machining process like dry machining process or minimum quantity lubrication technology was pointed. The conclusions, which follow from update researches and statistic data connecting perspectives of using alternative technologies were presented.

6

Skąpe smarowanie jest warte zainteresowania. Cz. 2

Potrykus J.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

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2000

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R. 9, nr 80

14-16

7

Skąpe smarowanie jest warte zainteresowania. Cz. 1

Potrykus J.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

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2000

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R. 9, nr 79

24-28

8

Instytut Technologii Maszyn i Automatyzacji w latach 1963-1998.

Chlebus E., Potrykus J.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Technologii Maszyn i Automatyzacji Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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1998

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Vol. 71, nr 32

9-40

PL

Opisano historię powstania i rozwoju Instytutu w latach 1963-1998. Omówiono obecną organizację Instytutu. Scharakteryzowano działalność i dydaktyczną Zakładów i Laboratoriów. Wymieniono pracowników Instytutu w latach 1963-1998.

EN

The history of foundation and development of the Institute from 1963 to 1998 is presented. The current oraganization of the Institute is discussed. Scientific and academic activities of the Institut's groups and Laboratories is characterized. The comployccs of the Institute in 19963-1998 are montioncd.