Background: The maritime port terminals, handling cargo and servicing maritime and land means of transport with variable intensity over time, operate as mass service systems where the process of notifying and fulfilling needs usually occur at random. The main research problem was to determine the interdependence between the mechanism of reporting and meeting the demand for terminal services and its effectiveness measured in terms of operational efficiency and profitability. Methods: The aim of research involves evaluating the terminal operational mechanism and evaluating it under operational categories, that is, operational stability and efficiency, and economic ones, i.e., effectiveness with respect to costs and revenue. To achieve the aim of research, the theory of mass service was applied, with the use of queuing theory as well as case study. The research was conducted in an example of bulk handling terminal, i.e. HES Gdynia Bulk Terminal. Results: In the article, the authors assumed that the bulk cargo handling terminal in Gdynia operates as a queueing model. Therefore, it was possible to analyse the operating mechanism of the selected port terminal as a logistics system and a link in the supply chain by characterising it in terms of technical and operational efficiency and economic and financial effectiveness. Conclusions: So far, such terminals have not the subject of this kind research, because researchers focused predominantly on seaports as composite multimodal transport nodes. The results of the conducted research confirm the previously formulated hypothesis, indicating that queueing theory can be used as an useful instrument to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of bulk cargo terminals.
Porty w Gdyni, Gdańsku oraz Szczecinie i Świnoujściu osiągnęły łącznie w 2018 roku rekordowy wynik przeładunkowy, czyli ponad 100 mln ton. Rok ten był również rekordowy w historii Portu Gdynia, gdzie ogółem przeładowano ponad 23 mln ton.
W artykule skupiono się na przedstawieniu wybranych przykładów innowacji i nowych technologii w funkcjonowaniu portów morskich. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, że polskie porty morskie w Gdyni, Gdańsku, Szczecinie i Świnoujściu podejmują działania prowadzące do zwiększenia ich konkurencyjności wśród portów basenu Morza Bałtyckiego. W artykule omówiono także zapisy „Programu rozwoju polskich portów morskich do 2020 roku (z perspektywą do 2030 roku)”, wskazano cele i priorytety programu.
EN
The article focuses on presenting selected examples of innovations and new technologies in the functioning of seaports. The main purpose is to show that Polish seaports in Gdynia, Gdańsk, Szczecin and Świnoujście undertake activities to increasing their competitiveness among Baltic seaports. The article also discusses the provisions of „Program rozwoju polskich portów morskich do 2020 roku (z perspektywą do 2030 roku)”, the goals and priorities of the program were indicated.
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