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1 Journal of Ecological Engineering

1 2022

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Identification of Potential Phytoaccumulator Plants from Tailings Area as a Gold Phytomining Agent

Kurniawan Riky, Hamim, Henny Cynthia, Satya Awalina

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 1

169--181

Indonesia comprises a high diversity of plant species, some of which may have a potential role as metal phytoaccumulators including gold (Au), known as phytomining agents. Some local plants grown at the metal-contaminated sites can become potential phytoaccumulators due to their adaptation capability to the metal-polluted conditions. Phytomining is one of the eco-friendly methods usually used to extract lowgrade metal bio-ore from the environment and this method can be applied on gold tailing waste. This study aimed to find the hyperaccumulator plants selected from a gold mine area, which can be applied for a gold (Au) phytomining agent. The study was located in Aneka Tambang Inc. (PT. ANTAM-UBPE Pongkor), Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. A vegetation analysis was carried out using a transect experiment on the area around gold mine tailings dam, and the samples were collected for further analysis. Tailings were sampled for metal analysis, while the plant samples including the below-ground and above-ground part of biomass were separated, washed, and weighed for the biomass and metal analyses. The total concentration of gold in the plants and tailings was measured by using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GF-AAS). There were 17 plant species identified as gold accumulators collected from the gold mine tailing area, which were potential phytomining agents. The gold measurement showed that all plants species had the ability to absorb gold residues from the tailings dam, indicating that all the plants have a potential role as gold phytoaccumulators. Among the species, Typha angustifolia had the highest importance value index (IVI) followed by Cyperus haspan. The results showed that T. angustifolia and C. haspan were among the plants with the highest potential as Au phytoaccumulators to support the gold phytomining program for the gold mine tailing area.