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1
Content available Large cruzianid trace fossils in the Ordovician of the peri-Baltic area : the case of the Bukówka Formation (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)
Stachacz M., Łaska W., Uchman A.
Geological Quarterly
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2018
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Vol. 62, No. 2
400--414
EN
The Middle Ordovician Bukówka Formation, composed of fine-grained quartz sandstones with siltstone intercalations, belongs to the Kielce Region of the Holy Cross Mountains (peri-Baltic palaeogeographic position). It contains trace fossils of low diversity and poor preservation. Particularly noteworthy are the large Cruziana and Rusophycus, that are typical of peri-Gondwanan areas. They consist of casts of bilobate furrows showing diverse preservation. Other trace fossils include mostly horizontal pascichnia, cubichnia, and fodinichnia, but also vertical domichnia. The trace fossil assemblage is typical of the archetypal Cruziana and partly of the Skolithos ichnofacies. Some beds contain abundant orthid brachiopods. The trace fossils and sedimentary structures (horizontal, low-angle and wave ripple cross-laminations, hummocky cross-stratification) suggest deposition on the middle and lower shoreface with storm influence. The poor preservation and low diversity of the trace fossils are related to the homogeneous lithology, low accumulation rate, shallow burial of organic matter and strong bioturbation. Therefore, animals burrowed strongly but mostly in shallow tiers. Thus, the preservation potential of their traces was much lower than in many peri-Gondwanan sections but still higher than in Baltica sedimentary rocks. This explains the provincial differences in ichnofauna during the Ordovician, which at least partly were influenced by the preservation potential.
2
Content available Ichnology of the Cambrian Ociesęki Sandstone Formation (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)
Stachacz M.
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
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2016
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Vol. 86, No. 3
291--328
EN
Quartz arenites and wackes with intercalations of silty shales of the Ociesęki Formation were analysed in small outcrops and one core. The succession contains about forty-three ichnogenera and seventy-four ichnospe- cies, among which thirty-three ichnogenera and fifty-three ichnospecies are described by present author. The formation belongs to the Schmidtiellus-Holmia Superzone and to the Protolenus-Issafeniella Zone. Most strata are totally bioturbated. The diverse and numerous trace fossils represent the Cruziana ichnofacies in the lower part of the formation and the Skolithos ichnofacies in the upper part. A few possibly new ichnospecies of different ichnogenera have been described in open nomenclature. Sedimentary structures and trace fossil assemblages indicate that the older part of this formation was deposited on the upper offshore to lower shoreface, while its younger part was deposited on the lower to middle shoreface, where storm episodes were the main factor controlling sedimentation and the activity of benthos. The trace fossil associations studied are similar to those from the lower Cambrian in many places around the world. The ichnoassociations from the Polish part of the East European Platform and from Sweden, which represent the Baltica palaeocontinent, display the closest similarity.
3
Content available Trilobites, their traces and associated sedimentary structures as indicators of the Cambrian palaeoenvironment of the Ociesęki Range (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)
Stachacz M.
Geological Quarterly
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2013
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Vol. 57, No. 4
745–-756
EN
Enrolled specimens of trilobite species Strenuella polonica, partly preserved within their escape structures and burrows from the Cambrian Series 2 Ociesęki Sandstone Formation, are described. The specimens are interpreted as buried during storm episodes. Their occurrence in a few horizons, the presence of non-bioturbated tempestites with combined wave-current ripples and groovemarks interbedded with bioturbated beds suggest a depositional environment between normal and storm wave base. The trace fossils Monomorphichnus and some Rusophycus have been interpreted as structures formed during the storm when animal tried to take refuge. Well-preserved syndepositional Rusophycus and its different taphonomic variants are discussed. The part of the Ociesęki Sandstone Formation studied is interpreted as deposited on a lower shoreface with storm influence.
4
Content available New finds of Rusophycus from the lower Cambrian Ociesęki Sandstone Formation (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)
Stachacz M.
Geological Quarterly
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2012
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Vol. 56, No 2
237-248
EN
The Ociesęki Sandstone Formation represents the Holmia-Schmidtiellus and the Protolenus-Issafeniella zones. Seven ichnospecies of Rusophycus, including Rusophycus exsilius isp. nov, are recognized in this formation. Moreover, Rusophycus ispp. A, B, C are recognized. The diagnoses for R. dispar, R. crebrus and R. magnus have been emended and the stratigraphic range of R. versans has been extended. The presence of Rusophycus dispar may suggest a palaeozoogeographical connection between the Małopolska Block, the Baltica palaeocontinent and the Laurentia palaeocontinent.
5
Content available Ichnology of Czarna Shale Formation (Cambrian, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)
Stachacz M.
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
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2012
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Vol. 82, No. 2
105–-120
EN
Ten ichnogenera and seven ichnospecies are described from the Czarna Shale Formation, possibly representing the Terreneuvian and Cambrian Series 2 of the Holy Cross Mountains. Moreover, five other ichnotaxa are described in open nomenclature. Phycodes circinatus,Taenidium isp., Trichichnus linearis and ?Dictyodora isp. are described from the Cambrian of the Holy Cross Mountains for the first time. The stratigraphic ranges of Trichichnus linearis and Phycodes circinatus are extended. The trace fossil assemblage and associated, sedimentological features point to deposition in the upper and lower offshore. Periodic, anoxic events may have occurred on the sea bed.
6
Content available Nowy zespół kręgowców z marginalnomorskich i lądowych osadów dolnego kajpru (ladyn, środkowy trias) z Miedar na Śląsku
Sulej T., Niedźwiedzki G., Niedźwiedzki R., Surmik D., Stachacz M.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2011
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Vol. 59, nr 5
426-426
EN
Vertebrate remains, mostly nothosaurid vertebrae and long bones, archosaur partially preserved long bones and teeth (probably rauisuchid remains), fish teeth and scales, are described from the Lower Keuper Miedary Beds (Ladinian, Middle Triassic) of Miedary, Silesia, SW Poland. The analyzed vertebrate fossils were collected from three lithologically different types of deposits. The first assemblage, which contains nothosaurid and fish remains, occurs in yellowish dolomites, where poorly preseved invertebrate macrofossils were also found (marine bivalves and brachiopods). In grey-yellowish, sometimes greenish or red clays, rare isolated bones and teeth of large archosaur were found. In sandstone intercalations partially preserved and highly disarticulated fish fossils were identified. In all assemblages osteological remains are generally very well preserved. This new interesting vertebrate bones association from the upper part of the Middle Triassic marginal-marine strata of Poland has been correlated with age-equivalents from other regions of Europe.
7
Content available Uwagi o wieku osadów miocenu środkowego okolic Szydłowa [południowe obrzeżenie Gór Świętokrzyskich]
Stachacz M.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2007
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Vol. 55, nr 2
168-168, 174
EN
The Middle Miocene sediments outcropping between Szydłów and Brzeziny are represented by the Pińczów Beds and the Chmielnik Beds. The Pińczów Beds are developed as the Heterostegina sands with intercalations of red algal limestones. These sediments contain numerous fossils of foraminifera, bryozoans, bivalves, ostracods, echinoids, crustaceans and corallinacean red algae. Foraminifera [Amphistegina, Heterostegina, Orbulina suturalis] point to the early Badenian age of the Pińczów Beds. The Chmielnik Beds contain mainly organodetritical limestones, which are composed mainly of grains eroded from the Badenian red algal limestones. The organodetritical limestones contain pebbles and blocks of microbial-serpulid limestones, Abra limestones, marls and rare lenses of quartz sands. Numerous pectenids, other small bivalves, gastropods, foraminifera and rhodolites occur here. The fossils point to mainly Anomalinoides dividens Zone. New literature data show that this zone, commonly accepted as diagnostic for the beginning of Sarmatian, is diachronic. Therefore, the Badenian-early Sarmatian age is suggested for the Chmielnik Beds. The presence or absence of normal-marine biota as an age criterium for the Badenian-Sarmatian boundary, the commonly accepted idea for the brackish Sarmatian basin of the central Paratethys has been challenged recently. Both Badenian (not redeposited) and Sarmatian fossils occur in the Chmielnik Beds. Therefore, part of deposits in the Szydłów area assumed so far to be of Sarmatian age, can in fact represent late Badenian age.
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