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1
Content available remote The wear curves of nitrogen-implanted WC-Co indexable knives during particleboard milling
Wilkowski J., Wachowicz J., Barlak M., Werner Z., Böttger R.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
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2018
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No. 104
395--399
EN
The paper presents the wear curves of WC-Co indexable knives during particleboard milling. The knives were previously nitrogen implanted to a dose of 1e17 cm-2 , at two different ion energies - 5 and 500 keV. The WC-Co composites with small WC grains (up to 0.5 μm) and low cobalt content (up to 2.5%) were used. These materials exhibit high hardness and, at the same time, low fracture toughness. Particleboard were milled using a CNC machining center. Longer tools life was obtained for blades implanted with energy of 500 keV. The catastrophic blunting (large chipping of the cutting edge) was more common for blades implanted at 5 keV ion energy.
2
Content available remote The influence of edge defects on the lifetime of wood machining tools
Barlak M., Werner Z., Zagórski J., Staszkiewicz B., Wilkowski J., Szkarłat F., Osipiuk J.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
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2018
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No. 104
533--539
EN
The paper presents the results of durability tests for the indexable knives, implanted with nitrogen. The results for non-implanted tools are also included. The selected knives contained edge defects. The defects with the character presented in this paper had a minor impact on the durability of the investigated tools.
3
Content available remote SIMS depth profile analysis of WC-Co composite used in wood materials machining after nitrogen ion implantation
Wilkowski J., Barlak M., Konarski P., Böttger R., Werner Z.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
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2018
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No. 104
400--404
EN
The paper presents the analysis of depth profiles WC-Co samples obtained using the SIMS method. The surface of samples was modified in the process of nitrogen ions implantation. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a very useful technique for the analysis of layered systems. It is based on the primary ion beam sputtering of solids and mass analysis of the emitted secondary ions. The results show a high correspondence between the nitrogen depth profiles obtained in the SUSPRE modeling and in the SIMS experiment.
4
Content available Changes of tribological properties of Inconel 600 after ion implantation process
Barlak M., Chmielewski M., Werner Z., Pietrzak K.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2014
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Vol. 62, nr 4
827--833
EN
Commercial Inconel 600 nickel-chromium alloy was implanted with nitrogen, titanium, chromium, copper with tin (as bronze components) and yttrium ions to doses ranging from 1.6e17 to 3.5e17 cm−2. The aim of this research was to investigate the properties of the modified alloy in the context of its application in foil bearings. The virgin and the treated samples were tribologically tested and examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. The technological studies were preceded by modelling of concentration values of the introduced elements. The results obtained with the use of ion implantation are discussed. There are two advantages which should be highlighted: good agreement in modelling and experimental results of depth profiles of implanted ions, wear resistance improvement of Inconel 600 surface by implantation of copper and tin ions. The tribological tests indicate that abrasion and corrosion are the predominant mechanisms of surface wear.
5
Content available High - temperature oxidation resistance in yttrium implanted stainless steel
Barlak M., Piekoszewski J., Werner Z., Sartowska B., Waliś L., Starosta W., Kierzek J., Kowalska E., Wilhelm R. A., Pochrybniak C., Woźnica M.
Nukleonika
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2012
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Vol. 57, No. 4
473-476
EN
Austenitic AISI 304, 316L and ferritic 430 stainless steels were implanted with yttrium to fluences ranging between 1 x 1015 and 5 x 1017 ions/cm2. The samples were subjected to oxidation in air at a temperature of 1000 centigrade for a period of 100 h and next examined by stereoscopic optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) and Rutherford back scattering spectrometry (RBS). The results obtained with the use of ion implantation are discussed.
6
Content available Implanted manganese redistribution in Si after He+ irradiation and hydrogen pulse plasma treatment
Werner Z., Pochrybniak C., Barlak M., Piekoszewski J., Korman A., Heller R., Szymczyk W., Bocheńska K.
Nukleonika
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2011
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Vol. 56, No. 1
5-8
EN
Si-Mn alloy with a Mn content of a few percent is potentially a candidate for room temperature (RT) dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS). However, the present methods of material manufacture suffer from problems with poor Mn solubility and thermodynamical limitations. We study a non-equilibrium method in which silicon is first implanted with 160 keV manganese ions to a dose of 1 × 1016 ions/cm2 and next either irradiated with 1.5 MeV 4He+ ions from the Warsaw Van de Graaff accelerator at 400°C or treated with high-energy hydrogen plasma pulses. Conclusion from Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) examination of the samples is that both approaches lead to recovery of crystalline surface layer with manganese occupying off-substitutional sites. The potential development of the method is discussed.
7
Content available Ion implantation followed by laser/pulsed plasma/ion beam annealing : a new approach to fabrication of superconducting MgB2 thin films
Piekoszewski J., Werner Z., Barlak M., Kolitsch A., Szymczyk W.
Nukleonika
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2008
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Vol. 53, No. 1
7-10
EN
The paper presents a new approach to formation of superconducting MgB2 thin films: ion implantation followed by annealing in an unconventional second step treatment using pulsed laser, plasma, or ion beams. Merits and drawbacks of individual approaches are discussed.
8
Content available Interaction of nitrogen atoms in expanded austenite formed in pure iron by intense nitrogen plasma pulses
Piekoszewski J., Sartowska B., Waliś L., Werner Z., Kopcewicz M., Prokert F., Stanisławski J., Kalinowska J., Szymczyk W.
Nukleonika
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2004
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Vol. 49, nr 2
57-60
EN
The paper presents the results of experiments on modification of pure iron by high-intensity nitrogen pulsed-plasma treatment. The duration of nitrogen plasma pulses is approximately 1 mi s, and the energy density amounts to about 5 J/cm2. Such pulses are capable to melt the surface layer of the substrate (1- 2 mi m) and to introduce a significant concentration of nitrogen into the molten layer. Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) were used for characterisation of the treated samples. The main results of the data analysis are as follows: it has been stated that such treatment leads to gradual transformation of initial alfa-phase into austenitic gamma structure in which expanded austenite gammaN is present. Treatment with 20 pulses results in almost complete transformation and introduces a retained dose of nitrogen estimated as 5.5 × 1017 N/cm2. The susceptibility for expansion of the lattice transformed to austenite in this way is smaller than in the case when the steel subjected to conventional nitriding is originally of austenite type. The analysis of the ratio of alfa to gammaN as a function of the nitrogen content provides a firm evidence that strong repulsion forces act between the first and the second nearest-neighbour nitrogen atoms in the fcc austenitic structure formed as a result of nitriding of pure iron by intense nitrogen plasma pulses.
9
Content available Znaki i symbole geologiczne - moja pasja
Werner Z.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
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2004
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nr 410
69-72
10
Content available Thermal evolution of solid targets irradiated by pulsed plasma beams
Szymczyk W., Piekoszewski J., Werner Z., Szyszko W.
Nukleonika
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2002
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Vol. 47, nr 4
163-166
EN
Thermal evolution of various targets irradiated with high intensity pulsed ion or plasma beams was determined by computer simulation i.e. by solving numerically one dimensional heat flow equation. The calculations were carried out using the adopted ETLIT computer code (Energy Transport in Laser Irradiated Targets) based on Finite Element Method. The surface temperature, melt depth and liquid duration were computed as a function of pulse energy density, pulse duration, melting temperature and thermal diffusivity of a given material. In particular, some examples are shown for such materials as: Cu, Al, Zn, Fe, Ti, Mo, W, and Al2O3. Various practical aspects of the obtained results are discussed, with a special attention given to less or no intuitively predictable dependencies.
11
Content available An apparatus for sequential pulsed plasma beam treatment in combination with Arc PVD deposition
Stanisławski J., Piekoszewski J., Richter E., Werner Z.
Nukleonika
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2002
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Vol. 47, nr 3
119-122
EN
A hybrid type of apparatus is described which enables one to form a thin multi-layer film on the surface of any kind of solid substrate. In one process, the surface is treated with a high intensity pulse plasma beam which introduces the chosen kind of atoms into the near-surface layer of the substrate. In the second process, following the first without breaking the vacuum, the coating is formed by arc PVD (physical vapour deposition) process. Two examples of coatings formed on metallic and ceramic substrates are presented.
12
Content available Present status and prospects of research in SINS on the modification of surface properties by pulsed plasma streams
Langner J., Piekoszewski J., Stanisławski J., Werner Z.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
193-197
EN
The paper presents examples of the most important results obtained in SINS during the last decade, interesting from the point of view of industrial applications. It also indicates some of the most prospective directions in research on modification of the surface properties of materials by means of pulsed plasma streams.
13
Detection of microsecond plasma pulses in MW range
Werner Z., Langer J., Stanisławski J., Białoskórski J.
Journal of Technical Physics
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2000
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Vol. 41, no 1
55-64
EN
The paper presents the preliminary results of the investigations on the detection of high power plasma pulses. Three types of detectors were examined : pyroelectric sensor, plasma-to-IR radiation converter, and thin film differential thermocouple sensor. The operation of the detectors was studied for microsecond range of the plasma pulse duration. Numerical simulation of the thermal evolution of multi-layer structures was used to optimise the design of the detectors. It is concluded that thermocouple sensors are able to provide the most relialiable data. Directions of further development of this kind of sensors are discussed.
14
Content available remote Wear properties of TiN coated cutting tools implanted with nitrogen ions
Narojczyk J., Piekoszewski J., Richter E., Werner Z.
Nukleonika
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1999
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Vol. 44, nr 2
225-230
EN
The paper presents the preliminary results on improving the wear properties of TiN coated WC-Co cutting inserts by nitrogen implantation, both conventional and using the PIII process. A moderate increase of the tool life has been observed in some cases. It is concluded that ion implantation of uncoated tools might be a better solution from an economical point of view.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wstępne wyniki poprawiania własności zużyciowych płytek skrawających z węglika wolframu pokrytych azotkiem tytanu przez implantację jonów azotu przy wykorzystaniu konwencjonalnej implantacji oraz implantacji plazmowo-imersyjnej (proces PIII). W niektórych przypadkach zaobserwowano umiarkowany wzrost trwałości narzędzi. W konkluzji stwierdza się, że z ekonomicznego punktu widzenia implantacja jonów azotu w narzędziach niepokrywanych może być lepszym rozwiązaniem.
15
Content available remote Improvement of the wear properties of cutting tools implanted with nitrogen ions
Werner Z., Jagielski J., Piekoszewski J., Kubiak L., Gunzel R.
Nukleonika
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1999
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Vol. 44, nr 2
261-264
EN
The paper presents the results of the industrial tests of cutting tools subjected to the nitrogen ion implantation, both conventional and performed using the PIII (Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation) process. The tools were made of NC10 and SW7M tool steel. The nitrogen doses ranged from 3x1017 cm-2 to 2x1018 cm-2. Significant improvements of the tool life have been found.
PL
Praca przedstawia wyniki testów przemysłowych narzędzi skrawających poddanych konwencjonalnej oraz plazmowo-imersyjnej implantacji jonami azotu. Narzędzia wykonane były ze stali NC10 i SW7M. Dozy azotu zawierały się w przedziale od 3x1017 cm-2 do 2x1018 cm-2. Stwierdzono znaczne wydłużenie czasu życia narzędzi.
16
Content available remote Formation of surface Pd-Ti alloys using the pulsed plasma beams
Piekoszewski J., Werner Z., Wieser E., Langner J., Grotzschel R., Reuther H., Jagielski J.
Nukleonika
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1999
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Vol. 44, nr 2
239-246
EN
The low-pressure discharge between two sets of cylindrical rod-type electrodes generates an intense pulse of a working gas plasma and a vapor cloud of an electrode material. The near surface layer of the substrate exposed to such beams becomes molten in a few microseconds and then rapid diffusion of pre-deposited atoms into this region occurs. The RBS spectra of Pd-Ti system formed on the Ti foil substrate show an efficient mixing of Pd and Ti components. Mixing extends up to over 1 μm distance.
PL
Niskociśnieniowe wyładowanie jarzeniowe między cylindrycznymi elektrodami prętowymi generuje impuls plazmy gazu roboczego i par materiału elektrod. Warstwa przypowierzchniowa podłoża poddanego działaniu takiego impulsu zostaje stopiona na kilka mikrosekund. W tym czasie zachodzi szybka dyfuzja atomów metalu zdeponowanego na powierzchni podłoża w głąb jego stopionej warstwy. Widma RBS wykazują efektywne mieszanie składników w układzie Pd-Ti, gdzie Ti jest materiałem podłoża w postaci folii, a Pd materiałem elektrod. Zasięg mieszania osiąga ponad 1 μm.
17
Content available remote Z kart historii Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Mizerski W., Lindner M., Urban H., Werner Z.
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
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1999
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nr 389
3-134
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