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High pressure impact on changes in potato starch granules

Słomińska L., Zielonka R., Jarosławski L., Krupska A., Szlaferek A., Kowalski W., Tomaszewska-Gras J., Nowicki M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2015

Vol. 17, nr 4

65--73

Air dry potato starch (84.9% d.s.) was subjected to pressurizing under the pressure of 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 2000 MPa for 1 h. The physical properties of pressurized starch, such as morphology, surface and crystalline structure, gelatinization parameters, were studied by means of scanning and atomic force microscopy (SEM/AFM), X-ray diffraction (X-ray), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The susceptibility to the amylolytic enzyme (α-amylase) was also measured. Application of pressure in the range of 50–2000 MPa results in an increase in the compressed potato starch bulk density, change in the contours of the granules from oval to polyhedral, increase in the roughness of the granule surface, vanishing of the X-ray reflexes generated by the orthogonal structure and weakening of the reflexes generated by the hexagonal structure, lowering of the enthalpy of starch gelatinization, and the enhancement of hydrolytic susceptibility of starch granules to the amylolytic enzyme.

The unconventional single stage hydrolysis of potato starch

Słomińska L., Zielonka R., Jarosławski L.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2013

Vol. 15, nr 3

7-14

Enzymatic depolymerisation of starch to glucose or maltose is carried out by starch- degrading amylases during a two-stage hydrolysis: liquefaction using bacterial α-amylase followed by saccharification with glucogenic (fungal amylase) or maltogenic (fungal or bacterial) amylases. As a rule, these enzymes are applied separately, following the recommendations concerning their action provided by the enzyme manufacturers. The study presents our attempts to determine the reaction conditions for a simultaneous action of liquefying and saccharifying enzymes on pre-treated potato starch. Hydrolysis was run by Liquozyme Supra, Maltogenase 4000L and San Super 360L enzymes (Novozymes) at different temperatures. During the single-stage method of starch hydrolysate production the most desirable results was obtained for the maltose hydrolysate at 80°C (51.6 DE) and for the glucose hydrolysate at 60°C (96 DE). The analyses indicate that the application of a single-stage hydrolysis of starch to maltose or glucose makes it possible to obtain a degree of starch saccharification comparable with that obtained in the traditional two-stage hydrolysis.