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Radiocarbon dating of wetland meso-neolithic archaeological sites within the upper Volga and middle Vychegda

Zaretskaia N. E., Zhilin M. G., Karmanov V. N., Uspenskaya O. N.

Geochronometria

2005

Vol. 24

117-131

Wetland sites are widespread through the central and northeastern European Russia. We performed a detailed radiocarbon dating on four such sites within the Upper Volga river basin, and one site within the middle Vychegda river basin (Komi Republic). Most of the sites contain cultural layers documenting human occupation in the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods. A variety of sample types were collected: archaeological (bones, bone artefacts, worked and unworked wood, charcoal, carbon residue etc.) and enclosing organic deposits (peat, gyttja, mud). We paid special attention to the stratigraphic relationship of the samples, concerning their archaeological context. Plant macrofossil analysis of organic deposits was performed towards determining their origin and depositional features. This work resulted in a chronology of full Mesolithic and early Neolithic settling within the Upper Volga area, together with new data on Neolithic settling of the Sub-Ural region.

Radiocarbon dating of the Kurile Lake caldera eruption (South Kamchatka, Russia)

Zaretskaia N. E., Ponomareva V. V., Sulerzhitsky L. D., Dirksen O. V.

Geochronometria

2001

Vol. 20

95-102

In this paper the set of radiocarbon dates obtained for the caldera-forming early-Holocene Kurile Lake eruption, which deposited a very important key-marker ash (KO) and formed the isochronous benchmark, is analyzed. Previous 12 dates derived from samples collected mostly far from caldera, and fall into the significant time interval (7890-7530 BP). In 1996-98 we performed the extensive sampling of organic matter related to pyroclastic flow and fall KO deposits, and 17 new dates were obtained. We selected the valid dates from both data sets analyzing the sample types and taphonomy, to estimate the accurate age of the KO eruption, and sharpened the time-span (7690-7530 BP) where the reliable dates fall. The estimated age is 7618š14 BP (Cal. 6455 BC).