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Charakterystyka środowisk depozycyjnych Jeziora Czechowskiego i jego otoczenia

Kordowski J., Błaszkiewicz M., Kramkowski M., Słowiński M., Tyszkowski S., Brauer A., Brykała D., Gierszewski P., Lamparski P., Lutyńska M., Mirosław-Grabowska J., Noryśkiewicz A.M., Obremska M., Ott F., Wulff S., Zawiska I.

Landform Analysis

2013

Vol. 25

55--75

W artykule przedstawiono przegląd badań nad morfogenezą misy jeziornej Jeziora Czechowskiego na Pojezierzu Starogardzkim. W dostępnych odsłonięciach, wkopach i wierceniach o nienaruszonej strukturze przeprowadzono analizę sedymentologiczną osadów glacjofluwialnych, glacjolimnicznych, limnicznych i stokowych. Wyniki tej analizy uzupełniono rezultatami kartowania geologicznego i geomorfologicznego. W efekcie przeprowadzonych prac stwierdzono, że misa jeziora założona jest w głębokiej rynnie subglacjalnej, która do początku allerødu zakonserwowana była bryłami martwego lodu. Ich wytopienie doprowadziło do powstania zróżnicowanej morfologii dna rynny. W najgłębszych miejscach, dzięki ograniczonej miksji, były warunki do zachowania rocznej laminacji osadów dennych. Sedymentacja osadów glacjofluwialnych w otoczeniu rynny była bardzo zróżnicowana i w wielu miejscach wskazuje na warunki przepływu nadkrytycznego. W przypowierzchniowej warstwie osadów sandrowych stwierdzono ślady zapisu procesów mrozowych (gleby mrozowe) oraz wytrącenia węglanowe wskazujące na występowanie warunków peryglacjalnych po zaprzestaniu przepływu proglacjalnego. Osady limniczne są również zróżnicowane w zależności od cech morfometrycznych basenu sedymentacyjnego, a przede wszystkim od głębokości ich depozycji. Osady stokowe pochodzą w większości z ostatnich dwustu lat, a ich depozycja nastąpiła wskutek działalności gospodarczej człowieka.

The paper aims to review the investigations on the genesis of the Czechowskie Lake basin (Starogard Lakeland, north-central Poland). The sedimentological analysis of the glaciofluvial, glaciolimnic, limnic and colluvial deposits have been conducted in the outcrops, pits and boreholes with undisturbed cores. They were supplemented by the results of the geological and geomorphological mapping. Summing up the investigations it can be stated that the lake basin developed within a deep subglacial channel which was preserved by the dead ice blocks till the onset of the Allerød. Their melting led to the emergence of a morphologically diversified lake basin. The conditions in its deepest parts, due to hampered mixing and wave action, favoured the preservation of the annually laminated sediments. The glaciofluvial deposition in the vicinity of the lake was diverse and in many places it indicates the supercritical condition of the water flow. Within the near-surface layer of outwash deposits were recognized the traces of the periglacial processes and calcareous precipitates which indicate short glaciolimnic periods or breaks in sedimentation. The limnic sediments are also diversified and dependent on the morphometric features of the sedimentary basin, mostly the depth of the deposition. Colluvial deposits have originated mostly in the last 200 years as a consequence of the transient deforestation of the surrounding area.

Regionalna wymowa procesów antropogenizacji regionu środkowej Obry na podstawie badań osadów jeziora Wonieść

Hildebrandt-Radke I., Spychalski W., Lutyńska M.

Landform Analysis

2011

Vol. 16

92-97

The study was aimed at anthropogenization processes of the Kościan Plain. They are noticeable in local palynological diagrams (eg. at the archaeological site in Bruszczewo) as well as on settlement maps of the Polish Archaeological Record Project. The goal was to determine whether the processes were perceptible also in a regional scale, in deposits of the biggest water body in the examined area, located 15 km to the east from Bruszczewo. Anthropogenic participation in changes of plant cover is clearly visible in the local diagram from Bruszczewo. While compared with the mentioned, anthropogenic influence in deposits of Wonieść Lake is rather inconspicuous. In the Neolithic and Early Bronze Periods, percentage of herbaceous plants (amount of grasses and herbs) maintained the level of 10%. Increase in NAP is marked not earlier than in the Roman Iron Age, and then from the Early Middle Ages until the present time (Dörfler, to be published soon). Comparison of palynological results to sedimentological analyses indicates that periods of increased values of CerealiaandPlantago lanceolataindices are correlated with inflow of mineral material to lacustrine water body. Larger fractions were observed there i.e. fine- and medium-grained sands, and even gravels as well as organic matter. In the geochemical record for the same periods, an increased percentage of trace elements can be visible (however their distinctive escalation is manifested not earlier than in the Middle Ages). These changes are accompanied by intensified eutrophication index (phosphorus percentage) as well as by occurrence of diatoms, which prefer eutrophic conditions.

Palaeoenvironmental changes in the area of the Szczecin Lagoon (the south western Baltic Sea) as recorded from diatoms

Witkowski A., Latałowa M., Borówka R., Gregorowicz P., Bąk M., Osadczuk A., Święta J., Lutyńska M., Wawrzyniak-Wydrowska B., Woziński R.

Studia Quaternaria

2004

Vol. 21

153-165

Analyses of diatom assemblages were performed in sediment cores from the Szczecin Lagoon area, as a part of a multidisciplinary research including seismoacoustic profiling and different types of palaeoecological and geological analyses: palynological, macrofossil, malacological, lithological, geochemical and sedimentological. Changes in the composition of a large spectrum of species of the local fauna and flora allowed the reconstruction of environmental conditions during the Late Glacial and Holocene in the Szczecin Lagoon. Succession of the diatom communities is the main topic of the present paper. In the Late Glacial sediments, the diatom flora was scarce and occurred only in core 42/99. In other cores, diatom assemblages characteristic for three phases of the Holocene development (limnic-swampy, marine/brackish-water and lagoonary) of the Szczecin Lagoon were distinguished. The Late Glacial (Older-Dryas (?), Allerod and Younger Dryas) record is incomplete and the flora is predominantly represented by Actinocyclus normanii, Aulacoseira spp, Cocconeis placentula, and Fragilaria brevistriata. The oldest Holocene sediments of the limnic-swampy type, are characterised by freshwater and halophilous diatoms (e.g. Fragilaria brevistriata, Cocconeis placentula and Stephanodiscus hantzschii). In the overlying marine sediments, only occasionally brackish-water taxa (e.g. Planothidium delicatulum, Cocconeis hauniensis) were observed. In the uppermost deposits formed in lagoonary conditions freshwater, halophilous and brackish-water species dominated (e.g. Aulacoseira granulata, Cavinula scutelloides and Epithemia turgida).