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2 Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2 2023

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Is there a relationship between human development and dependence on fisheries?

Can Mehmet Fatih, Mazlum Yavuz, Erkan Birol

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2023

Vol. 52, No. 2

245--257

International food and raw material security issueshas gained much more importance than ever. This studyexamines that the following questions ‘Who depends onwhom?’ and ‘What is the level of dependency?’ consideringrelationships between “fisheries context” (catch andaquaculture production, total fisheries export and import,fisheries export and import value, fish consumption percapita, and processed fisheries product) and humandevelopment of countries (as Human DevelopmentIndex-HDI). The overall result of the study pointed thatthe countries located in the highest categories in terms ofHDI were both export and import-dependent. The mostimportance levels of dependency for the Low DevelopedCountries (HDI < 0.550) were fish consumption, and totalimports; for Medium Developed Countries (0.550 ≤ HDI <0.699) were export value, exports, and catch production;for High Developed Countries (0.699 ≤ HDI <0.80) wastotal exports; for Very High Developed Countries-I (0.80≤ HDI < 0.900) was exports; and for Very High DevelopedCountries-II ( HDI ≥ 0.90) was import value. To improve thehuman development of the countries and maintain thefood security around the world, the following points couldbe suggested: i) to increase the aquaculture productionboth in inland and marine environments where possible,ii) for low and medium developed countries, instead of rawmaterial exporting, to support increasing the productioncapacity of processed fisheries products that have higherglobal market prices.

Determination of genetic diversity between natural and cultured populations of Common Dentex (Dentex dentex) fish in the East Aegean Sea

Kayaci Ali, Can Mehmet Fatih, Güner Yusuf, Güleç Fartih

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2023

Vol. 52, No. 1

52--67

Common dentex (Dentex dentex) is a commercial species of fish that is a highly valuable food source living naturally near Mediterranean and Atlantic Coasts. Therefore, monitoring and maintaining common dentex habitats are of high importance. A total of 53 specimens were collected from 6 natural habitats (from the Eastern Aegean and from the Antalya coast, which is the closest coast to the Western Mediterranean), and one aquaculture facility in the Eastern Aegean Sea. The mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene was used to detect a total of 26 haplotypes. Along with the COI gene sequence, real-time PCR and high-resolution melting analyses were performed as rapid and inexpensive alternatives. Sequence analysis showed that the highest haplotype diversity was obtained from the aquaculture facility in Karaburun and Antalya Locations, Turkey. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA)based on the haplotype frequencies resulted in 92.54% genetic variation within localities and 7.46% genetic variation between/among localities. The mean fixation index (Fst) was calculated as 0.0746 (p < 0.001). Genetic distances were primarily in collaboration with geographical distances and were efficiently confirmed by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. The results will be valuable in monitoring and maintaining natural habitats as well as aquaculture facilities where common dentex are grown.