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2 Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

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Numerical Evaluation of Electromagnetic-wave Penetration at Normal Incidence through an Inhomogeneous-wave Approach

Calcaterra A., Frezza F., Simeoni P., Tedeschi N.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

2018

nr 2

76--86

This paper presents numerical scenarios concerning penetration in a lossy medium that can be obtained by radiating inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves. Former papers approached this problem, both analytically and numerically, ﬁnding requirements and limits of the so-called “deeppenetration” condition, which consists of a wave transmitted in a lossy medium having an attenuation vector whose direction forms the angle of ninety degrees with the normal to the separation surface. The deep-penetration condition always requires an oblique incidence, therefore is not practical in many applications. For this reason, we are interested here in ﬁnding whether an inhomogeneous wave guarantees larger penetration than the one obtainable with homogeneous waves, even when the incident wave is normal to the separation surface between two media, i.e. when the deep-penetration condition is not satisﬁed. We are also interested in verifying numerically whether the lossy-prism structure may achieve larger penetration than the one obtainable through traditional leakywave antennas, and we also wish to propose a lossy-prism design more realistic than the one previously presented in the literature.

Analytical Investigation on a New Approach for Achieving Deep Penetration in a Lossy Medium: The Lossy Prism

Frezza F., Simeoni P., Tedeschi N.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

2017

nr 3

17--24

Recent studies highlighted deep-penetration prop-erties of inhomogeneous waves at the interface between a loss-less and a lossy medium. Such waves can be generated bymeans of radiating structures known as Leaky-Wave Anten-nas (LWAs). Here, a different approach is proposed basedon the use of a lossy prism capable to generate an inhomo-geneous wave when illuminated by a homogeneous wave. Thelossy prism is conceived and designed thinking of Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR). The results achieved by the lossyprism will be compared with those obtained by means of a pre-viously designed LWA that was created with the identical ob-jective. The approach of this paper is purely theoretical, andit aims at providing basic ideas and preliminary results usefulfor an innovative LWA design.