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Dynamic simulations of geological CO2 storage with ECLIPSE*

Adushita Y., Pekot L. J., Hurter S.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Nafty i Gazu

2010

nr 170 wyd. konferencyjne

219--228

Dynamic reservoir modeling is one of the principal tools in technical performance evaluation of a CO2 storage project. It allows the evaluation of effective capacity (sweep efficiency), injectivity, the plume footprint, as well as the construction of injection scenarios, supports the construction of the monitoring programs and describes possible long-term disposition of stored CO2. The quality of containment under dynamic conditions can also be assessed within the model, by evaluating whether the pressure evolution at the caprock are lower than the capillary entry pressure or fracturing pressure. The dynamic model incorporates the definition of reservoir boundaries (including the aquifer volumes attached), the fluid and reservoir properties are defined, the pressure and temperature observed, the fluid saturations, as well as the relative permeability in order to have a good representation of the initial and dynamic reservoir conditions. Dynamic simulations with ECLIPSE software, which is a commercial tool used very extensively in the oil and gas industry, are presented here. Over the past few years, specific compositional code features have been developed and tested to model the CO2 storage in saline aquifers as well as in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. This specific code computes physical properties of pure and impure CO2 at various pressures and temperatures. It also represents mutual solubility between CO2 and water, namely the dissolution of CO2 into the water and the vaporization of water into the CO2 rich phase, adjusting viscosity and density of the fluids accordingly. One of the options also allows the representation of drying out of the formation and salt precipitation triggered by saturated concentrations developing within the remaining brine in the near wellbore area. Thermal effects of injecting fluids of one temperature into a reservoir of different temperature can be obtained. These functionalities allow simulations to provide a good representation of dynamic reservoir behavior in various CO2 storage cases. A set of synthetic model cases have been constructed to provide examples of reservoir simulations of a CO2 storage project. The result of these simulations illustrate some of the specific phenomenon that might occur in CO2 injection, such as mutual solubility, salt precipitation, change in pH, gravity effect, as well as the temperature front propagation due to a cold injection stream. The contribution of each trapping mechanism is also described in one of the examples.