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2 Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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Continual learning of a time series model using a mixture of HMMs with application to the IoT fuel sensor verification

Głomb Przemysław, Cholewa Michał, Foszner Paweł, Bularz Jakub

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

2023

Vol. 35

259--264

This paper presents an application of a mixture of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) as a tool for verification of IoT fuel sensors. The IoT fuel sensors report the level of fuel in tanks of a petrol station, and are a key component for monitoring system reliability (billing), safety (fuel/oil leak detection) and security (theft prevention). We propose an algorithm for learning a mixture of HMMs based on a continual learning principle, i.e. it adapts the model while monitoring a sensor over time, signalling unexpected or anomalous sensor reports. We have tested the proposed approach on a real-life data of 15 fuel tanks being monitored with the FuelPrime system, where it has shown a very good performance (average area under ROC curve of 0.94) of detecting anomalies in the sensor data. Additionally we show that the proposed method can be used for trend monitoring and present qualitative analysis of the short and long term learning performance. The proposed method has promising performance score, the resulting model has a high degree of explainability, limited memory and computation requirements and can be easily generalized to other domains of sensor verification.

Impact of time series clustering on fuel sales prediction results

Henzel Joanna, Sikora Marek, Bularz Jakub

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

2021

Vol. 26

13--21

The purpose of the paper is to check the impact of data clustering in the process of predicting demand. We checked different ways of adding information about similar datasets to the forecasting process and we grouped the measurements in multiple ways. The experiments were executed on 50 time series describing fuels sales (gasoline and diesel sales) on 25 petrol stations from an international company. We described the data preparation process and feature extraction process. In the 9 presented experiments, we used the XGBoost algorithm and some typical time series forecasting methods (ARIMA, moving average). We showed a case study for two datasets and we discussed the practical usage of the tested solutions. The results showed that the solution which used XGBoost model utilising data gathered from all available petrol stations, in general, worked the best and it outperformed more advanced approaches as well as typical time series methods.