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Assessment of the Ambient Gaseous Pollutants in the Crowded Traffic Crossroad in Baghdad City

Al-Sultan Ammar A., Al-Kindi Ghayda Y., Kadhim Rana J., Al-Mhanawi Ahmed A. J.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 5

224--233

Exposure to ambient gaseous components is a significant issue for people’s health. This study aims to check the modification effect of seasonal temperature variation on the association of ambient air pollutants in the selected traffic crossroads in Baghdad city. The study continued for around 180 calendar days from the winter of 2020 to the summer of 2021; during this period, seven major gaseous parameters, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfur di-oxide (SO2), and ground ozone (O3), were tested via using the devices of GIG6 and GIG2. The results showed that the high temperature significantly affected the dispersion of air pollutants, whereas the increase in air temperature from 10 °C to 48 °C led to an increase in the concentration of H2S about ten times, and an increase in emission of CO around three times, while there are varying increases for the rest of the other air pollutants.

The Removal of Ibuprofen Drugs Residues from Municipal Wastewater by Moringa Oleifera Seeds

Al-Kindi Ghayda Y., Al-Haidri Husam A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

Vol. 22, nr 1

83--94

Municipal wastewater may contain residues of different drugs causing severe chemical contamination of water bodies. However, the microbial degradation of Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) may not eliminate such drug residues completely. The current work was designed to remove the Ibuprofen drug residues by using the Moringa Oleifera seeds. Various testing methods such as Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were applied to assess the efficiency of such plant seeds in bioremoval of ibuprofen residues from municipal wastewater The batch reactor was used to find the optimum operating conditions using various parameters with different pH values, duration time, Ibuprofen concentration and various quantities of plant seeds. In the batch reactor, the operation conditions were: pH 7, duration time 150 min, Ibuprofen dose of 1000 mg/l, activated adsorbents and Moringa Oleifera seeds in the amount of 1000 mg/l. Moreover, the packed bed reactor was used to examine different parameters such as initial Ibuprofen concentration, flow rate and bed depth for 6 hours. It was found that the best conditions were 2 cm depth, and 25 l/hr flow rate. Meanwhile, the kinetic constants were studied by adsorption equilibrium with the isothermal Langmuir and Freundlich models. The best results were shown with the Freundlich isotherm, and the first pseudo order was more suitable for the removal of Ibuprofen by adsorbed activation of Moringa Oleifera seeds.