Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Spatio-temporal variation of rainfall over Bihar State, India

Warwade P., Tiwari S., Ranjan S., Chandniha S. K., Adamowski J.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2018

|

no. 36

183--197

EN

This study detected, for the first time, the long term annual and seasonal rainfall trends over Bihar state, India, between 1901 and 2002. The shift change point was identified with the cumulative deviation test (cumulative sum – CUSUM), and linear regression. After the shift change point was detected, the time series was subdivided into two groups: before and after the change point. Arc-Map 10.3 was used to evaluate the spatial distribution of the trends. It was found that annual and monsoon rainfall trends decreased significantly; no significant trends were observed in pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainfall. The average decline in rainfall rate was –2.17 mm·year–1 and –2.13 mm·year–1 for the annual and monsoon periods. The probable change point was 1956. The number of negative extreme events were higher in the later period (1957–2002) than the earlier period (1901–1956).

PL

W badaniach prezentowanych w niniejszej pracy wykryto po raz pierwszy długookresowe trendy rocznych i sezonowych wartości opadów w indyjskim stanie Bihar w latach 1901–2002. Stosując kumulatywny test odchyleń (CUSUM – ang. cumulative deviation test) i regresję liniową zidentyfikowano punkt zwrotny. Następnie serie czasowe zostały podzielone na dwie grupy: przed i po punkcie zwrotnym. Do oceny przestrzennego rozkładu trendów zastosowano program Arc-Map 10.3. Stwierdzono, że trendy rocznych i monsunowych opadów znacząco malały. Nie zaobserwowano istotnych trendów w odniesieniu do opadów przed monsunem, po monsunie i w okresie zimowym. Średnie zmniejszenie ilości opadów wynosiło 2,17 mm·rok–1 i 2,13 mm ·rok–1 odpowiednio dla opadów rocznych i monsunowych. Prawdopodobnym punktem zwrotnym był rok 1956. Liczba skrajnych negatywnych zjawisk była większa w okresie 1957–2002 niż w okresie 1901–1956.

2

Health and environmental applications of gut microbiome: a review

Chatterjee S., Datta S., Sharma S., Gupta D. K., Tiwari S.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

|

2017

|

Vol. 24, nr 3

467--482

EN

Life on Earth harbours an unimaginable diversity of microbial communities. Among these, gut microbiome, the ecological communities of commensal, symbionts (bacteria and bacteriophages) are a unique assemblage of microbes. This microbial population of animal gut helps in performing organism’s physiological processes to stay healthy and fit. The role of these microbial communities is immense. They continually maintain interrelation with the intestinal mucosa in a subtle equilibrium and help the gut for different functions ranging from metabolism to immunologic functions like upgradation of nutrient-poor diets, aid in digestion of recalcitrant food components, protection from pathogens, contribute to inter- and intra-specific communication, affecting the efficiency as disease vectors etc. The microbial diversity in the gut depends upon environmental competition between microbes, their sieving effects and subsequent elimination. Due to wide diversity of anatomy and physiology of the digestive tracts and food habits, the gut microbiome also differs broadly among animals. Stochastic factors through the history of colonization of the microbiome in a species and in situ evolution are likely to establish interspecies diversity. Moreover, the microbes offer enormous opportunity to discover novel species for therapeutic and/or biotechnological applications. In this manuscript, we review the available knowledge on gut microbiome, emphasising their role in health and health related applications in human.

3

Completion in a common supercategory of Met, UAP, wsAP and Near

Khare M., Tiwari S.

Demonstratio Mathematica

|

2013

|

Vol. 46, nr 1

209--227

EN

This paper investigates the notion of approach nearness spaces. Using clusters, completion of an approach nearness space is constructed, which is a unified study of completion in the context of metric spaces, uniform approach spaces, weakly symmetric approach spaces and nearness spaces. Another generalization of completeness, called ultrafilter completeness is introduced to prove the Niemytzki–Tychonoff theorem for approach nearness spaces. Both definitions of completions are shown to be equivalent in a limit-regular approach space. Various examples are given to support the present study.

4

L-approach merotopies and their categorical perspective

Khare M., Tiwari S.

Demonstratio Mathematica

|

2012

|

Vol. 45, nr 3

699-716

EN

In the present paper, we have made a category theoretic and lattice theoretic study of some nearness-like structures in the L-approach theory. Using L-grills, the notion of L-approach grill structure is introduced as a characterization of L-approach grill merotopy on X; their categorical perspectives and implications are also investigated. A number of illustrative examples are included.

5

Guaranteed Protection in Survivable WDM Mesh Networks - New ILP Formulations for Link Protection and Path Protection

Mohapatra B., Nagaria R. K., Tiwari S.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

|

2011

|

nr 4

108-114

EN

In this paper we propose new simple integer linear programs (ILPs) formulations for minimizing capacity (in wavelength link) utilization in survivable WDM network. The study examines the performance of shared based protection schemes, such as path protection scheme and link protection scheme under single fiber failure. The numerical results obtained show a reduction in capacity utilization using random traffic compared to the reported ILP formulation. We also present the results using Poisson's traffic to identify the frequently used links for the widely used NSF network. The proposed work not only reduces the wavelength consumption in different traffic scenarios but also efficient in terms of simulation time.

6

Performance Comparison of Protection Strategies in WDM Mesh Networks

Singh H. K., Aggarwal S., Singh S., Mohapatra B., Nagaria R. K., Tiwari S.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

|

2010

|

nr 1

62-69

EN

Recent development in optical networking employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) fulfills the high bandwidth demand applications. Failure of such networks, leads to enormous data and revenue loss. Protection is one of the key techniques, which is used in designing survivable WDM networks. In this paper we compare dedicated and shared protection strategies employed inWDMmesh networks to protect optical networks failure, particularly fiber failure. Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm is considered for carrying out simulations. The paper compares the performance of protection schemes, such as, dedicated path protection (DPP), shared path protection (SPP) and shared link protection (SLP) schemes. Capacity utilization, switching time and blocking probability are the parameters considered to measure the performance of the protection schemes. Simulation results show that, SPP is more efficient in terms of capacity utilization over DPP and SLP schemes, whereas, SLP offered better switching time than both DPP and SPP schemes. The average call drop rate is minimum for shared path protection scheme and maximum for shared link protection scheme.

7

Grill Determined L-Approach Merotopological Spaces

Khare M., Tiwari S.

Fundamenta Informaticae

|

2010

|

Vol. 99, nr 1

1-12

EN

The present paper is devoted to the study of grill determined L-approachmerotopological spaces. The category having such spaces as objects is shown to be a topological construct (its initial and final structures are provided explicitly). The lattice structure of the family of all these spaces is also discussed. In the classical theory, this category (that is, when L = {0, 1}) is a supercategory of the category of pseudo metric spaces and nonexpansive maps.