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Content available remote Precise Measurements of Highly Attenuated Optical Eye Diagrams
EN
The idea and practical realization of a measurement system dedicated for highly attenuated eye diagrams diagnostics is presented in the paper. It is specially oriented on high-speed modulated optical data transmission signals which amplification is difficult and/or undesired. The presented measurements displayed the usefulness of proposed solution.
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki identyfikacji wad złącza i materiału rury, przyczyny ich występowania oraz propozycje działań zapobiegawczych. Problem wad złącza występuje szczególnie wyraźnie w przypadku rur wytwarzanych z taśmy ze stali niskowęglowych, niestopowych z powłoką siluminową i stali stopowych, ferrytycznych z zawartością chromu około 12 %.
EN
Welded tubes allotted to elements of exhaust systems are an object of deliberations. With the most important entrance parameter for the process of welding, about the quality of the joint is decisive quality of the fricative pipe in the zone of welding, determined by the quality of the edge and fitting them. Expected team of the property of tubes, a shape, measurements, an airtightness are embracing connectors, endurance properties and the plasticity in conditions of processing. The plasticity, assuring the ability to process is being determined in the test of expanding and of bending. A min. is a positive result. 25 % of the increase in the diameter of the tube while forming elements of the exhaust system, without cracking in the joint and outside the joint. In the paper results were introduced to the identification of defects in the joint and material of the pipe, reasons for their appearing and proposals of precautions. The problem of defects in the joint is appearing particularly clearly in the case of tubes manufactured from the tape of low-coal, nonalloy steels with the Al-Si coating and of alloy steels, ferritic with the content of chromium about 12 %.
PL
Przedstawiono informacje dotyczące metod śledzenia wiązki lasera podczas laserowego spawaniu rur — metody mechanicznej i optycznej za pomocą czujników CCD. Przedstawiono również wyniki pomiarów pracy ruchy głowicy lasera przy zastosowaniu czujnika mechanicznego i optycznego.
EN
It is essential to track welded junction in the process of tube laser welding. During the process of shaping the slot tube of a strip joint during movement toward welding zone moves also on the Y-axis. Every welding system must be equipped with joint-contact watching system and that is why welding head together with laser beam will be able to follow on Y-axis, right after the edge of welded material. Nowadays two methods of joint watching are used, one is mechanical, and the other one is optical (electronic). Mechanical method is watching the joint by "jumping roll", which is placed in a slit of a joint. The roll following the edges of welded material is giving the signals of movement to welding head. The second method used for few years in production of tubes is the CCD sensing system.
PL
Poddano analizie problem niezawodności i zużycia narzędzi, stosowanych w linii wytwarzania rur zgrzewanych ze stali niskowęglowych bez powłoki i z powłoką Al-Si oraz stali stopowych (ferrytycznych). Zaprezentowano kilka grup problemów, związanych z nadzorowaniem eksploatacji narzędzi, m.in. identyfikację zużycia i analizę statystyczną danych o zużyciu narzędzi, analizę relacji zużycie narzędzi a jakość wyrobów, analizę norm dotyczących problemu niezawodności oraz wyniki badań doświadczalnych dotyczących zużycia różnych par trących materiałów.
EN
In the paper a problem of wearing out tools, applied in the line of manufacturing welded pipes was analysed of low-carbon steels without the coating and with the coating Al-Si and of alloy steels. A group of tools exists of which the state indeed is influencing the quality of the product. So an identification of this state and expecting critical states are essential. It is also a well-known fact that parameters of the process of manufacturing, service, material of tools and the like indeed are influencing their vitality and the failure frequency, hence to costs of a trial and the productivity. In the paper a few groups of problems, tools connected with being in charge of an exploitation were presented. — The identification of the wear and tear and a statistical analysis of details about wearing tools out, — Analysis of the relation: wearing tools out but the quality of products with conclusions with respect to being in charge of lawsuits, — Analysis of norms, – Systems putting the problem of the reliability; in this coincidence of the production line, — Outcomes of experimental research on the friction and materials wearing out.
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