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PL
W artykule przedstawiono krótką charakterystykę trzech najczęściej stosowanych technik cięcia wysoko skoncentrowanymi strumieniami energii: strugą wodno-ścierną, strumieniem fotonów oraz strumieniem plazmy. Na bazie tej charakterystyki dokonano oceny porównawczej stanu powierzchni stali nierdzewnej X5CRNI18-10 po cięciu analizowanymi technikami. W tym celu wykonano pomiary struktury geometrycznej powierzchni metodą triangulacji laserowej oraz obserwacje jej stanu metodą mikroskopii opto-cyfrowej.
EN
The article presents a brief description of the three most commonly used cutting techniques with the use of highly concentrated energy streams: abrasive water-jet, photon stream and plasma jet. On the basis of this characteristic, a comparative assessment of the surface condition of the X5CRNI18-10 stainless steel after cutting with the analyzed techniques was carried out. For this purpose, the measurements of the geometric structure of the surface by using the laser triangulation method and the observations of its state with opto-digital microscopy were performed.
EN
The article presents issues related to innovation, its meaning and objectives. The development of the concept of innovation over the years is presented. The division of innovation by the area of activity to which it refers was made. The essence of innovation is briefly discussed. On the example of a vehicle, the strategy of innovation implementation was also characterized. The methods and tools used during the implementation of innovations are presented. Computer modelling and simulations as well as other tools for implementation of innovations are characterized.
EN
The article presents the characteristics of a wide set of research methods used in prospective analysis known as foresight. Explorative and normative, quantitative and qualitative methods as well as techniques based on expert and assumptions were described in detail. The paper also describes the broader context of the notion of technological foresight and describes differences in this concept in relation to technology management.
EN
One of the important and still current problems occurring in the fish processing industry is the intensive wear of the cutting surface of industrial cutting blades used to separate the fish raw material. In the paper, the proposes aproprietary solution to the above problem consisting in the regeneration of worn surfaces realized in the process of precise grinding by the use of a prototype 5-axis CNC grinding machine was presented. The obtained machining results were verified, among others on the basis of measurements of values of the cutting edges inclination angles and analysis of values of selected surface roughness parameters. The proposed solution along with the developed methodology can be an interesting alternative to typical ways of renewing the cutting ability of cutting tools in applications from the fish processing industry.
5
EN
The article presents the review of mostly used methods of graphical analysis of production processes. In the text were briefly characterised all main type of methods of analysis of production processes including: traditional methods (time research and traffic research), comprehensive research, modelling and simulation-based methods and graphical methods. Graphical analysis methods such as: process mapping, value stream mapping, Ishikawa diagrams, schedules, Gantt's charts, Pareto-Lorenz’s diagrams, spaghetti diagrams, production variety funnels, analysis of the decision-making point, and examples of their application were described.
EN
Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes such as three- dimensional (3D) printing are one of most important technologies of our century. Additive manufacturing is a manufacturing process in which 3D solid objects are created. It enables the creation of physical 3D models of objects using a series of an additive or layered development framework, where layers are laid down in succession to create a complete 3D object. Additive manufacturing is also known as 3D printing. The strongest reasons for the use of rapid prototypes in manufacturing are the production of parts with a small quantity or a complex shape, the obtaining of lighter parts, the prevention of waste of raw materials, a wider availability of testing and design and further personalization. Continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) is an alternative approach to AM by exploiting the basic principle of oxygen-impaired photopolymerization to create a continuous fluid interface of uncured resin between the growing section and the exposure window.
EN
This article describes a case study of an application of the method of creating innovations called SCAMPER for the development of new abrasive tools designed for machining of hard-to-cut materials. The SCAMPER method is used for innovative transformations of existing products, aimed at a modernization of their design, a construction and an extension of functions. This method was used in the procedure of modifying abrasive tools and it permitted a generation of a set of innovative solutions in this field. The methodology made it also possible to logically organize individual creative activities supported by the previously accumulated theoretical and experimental knowledge.
EN
The article describes the results of experiments which were intended to compare the results of turning and traverse grinding of internal cylindrical surfaces of rings made of bearing steel (100Cr6) in hardened state (62±2HRC). During experimental investigations, particular attention was paid to the machining performance and roughness of the machined surface. The results of the research presented in this article confirm the advantage of the turning process over traverse grinding using grinding wheels with zone-diversified structure.
EN
Friction drilling as a non-chip drilling method requires a special formed tool. This tool can be combined with conventional drilling machines as well as milling machines, also CNC ones. The choice depends only on the factors related to production volumes. Tool must have high durability properties to reach proper efficiency level. This means the number of boreholes that can be formed while maintaining the shape and structure of the surface within the dimensions tolerances limits. High temperature in the process also causes high durability properties. These article presents a review of possible solutions on tools mounting devices and tools functionality used in friction drilling process.
EN
The article presents an analysis of the possibilities offered by the use of the modelling and simulation method in production management, by presenting its essence, types and examples of production process models. In addition, the article presents the characteristics of computer modelling and simulation systems which help to stream line production processes. The most commonly used programs such as AnyLogic, ShowFlow 2 and Rockwell Arena were described in detail. The concepts of modelling and simulation have been also clarified.
11
EN
The project presents the design of production systems equipped with miniaturized devices, which are commonly used in industry. Despite the reduced scale, the modules have full functionality and reflect real-world systems. In addition, system designs provide for the possibility of scientific and research work in the design of production systems with a high level of automation.
EN
The article presents an example of the value stream mapping method application for the analysis of the production process of semi-trailers for transporting liquid food products. Below were presented characteristics of value stream mapping method, construction, functions and course of the trailer production process in details. On the basis of value stream map analysis conclusions were drawn that point out possibilities of improving and reducing the production costs of tankers for liquid food products transport.
EN
This article presents five methods of centrifugal provision the grinding fluid to the grinding zone such as centrifugal grinding fluid supplying through the grinding spindle and through the grinding wheel, centrifugal grinding fluid provision through the channels in the grinding wheel body and grinding wheel pores, centrifugal grinding fluid provision through the channels in the body and space between abrasive segments, centrifugal grinding fluid provision through the grinding wheel divider radial channels, centrifugal grinding fluid supply method with use of zonal centrifugal grinding fluid provision system. The described characteristics were referred primarily to the conventional flood cooling method as a reference. In summary the conclusions drawn after mentioned characteristics analysis were presented.
EN
This article presents results of experimental tests of internal cylindrical traverse grinding in which the total machining allowance is removed in a single pass. Grinding wheels with zone-diversified structure made on basis of abrasive grains from Al2O3 were used in the process. Such tools are characterized by different construction of rough and finish grinding zones. Moreover, conic chamfer is shaped on their active surface that allows for even distribution of machining allowance on the grinding wheel surface. What is described in the hereby work is a device for precise shaping of conic chamfer on the grinding wheel active surface (GWAS). The work also presents results of tests whose aim was to determine the influence of grinding wheel macrogeometry on the process of internal cylindrical traverse grinding of internal cylindrical surfaces made from steel 100Cr6. Changes of selected parameters of the machined surface geometric structure (Ra, Rz, RSm, Rdq and RTp) and values of the grinding power P were analyzed. It was proved that the greater the conic chamfer width, the better the results.
PL
Omówiono rezultaty badań czynnych powierzchni ściernic z ziarnami SG™ i SiCg, mających na celu zweryfikowanie poprawności wprowadzenia substancji impregnującej w postaci syntetycznego polimeru krzemoorganicznego (silikonu) w strukturę tych ściernic. W pracach wykorzystano zaawansowane techniki mikroskopowe oraz specjalistyczne oprogramowanie.
EN
In the paper, the results of the studies of active surface of the grinding wheels with abrasive grains SG™ and SiCg carried out for verify the correctness of the introduction of impregnating substance in the form of synthetic organosilicone polymer (silicone) in their structure were presented. During works an advanced microscopic techniques and specialized software were used.
PL
Przedstawiono wybrane rezultaty dotyczące stereometrycznej charakterystyki stanu czynnych powierzchni elastycznych tarcz ściernych z ziarnami typu Trizact™ po procesie szlifowania stali NC6. Pomiary realizowano z wykorzystaniem zaawansowanej techniki mikroskopowej – mikroskopii różnicowania ogniskowego – oraz specjalistycznego oprogramowania komputerowego.
EN
In the paper there were presented the selected results of experimental investigations in the aim of analysis of stereometric characteristics of condition of active surface of the abrasive discs with grains Trizact™ after the grinding process of steel NC6. During investigations a focus-variation microscopy supported by the specialized software was used.
PL
Przedstawiono sposoby modyfikacji narzędzi ściernych ze spoiwem ceramicznym przez wprowadzenie do ich objętości substancji smarnych w postaci grafitu i disiarczku molibdenu jako impregnatu. Zbadano możliwości kontroli ilości wprowadzonego impregnatu dla różnych typów ściernic.
EN
In the paper different kinds of vitrified grinding wheels modification methods in the process of treatment with solid lubricants (graphite and molybdenum disulphide) were presented. The possibilities of controlling the quantity of solid lubricant in the various kinds of grinding wheels were investigated.
PL
Przedstawiono metodę chłodzenia strefy obróbki z użyciem schłodzonego sprężonego powietrza (SSP) i budowę dysz CAG (Cold Air Guns). Podano charakterystyki dwóch dysz CAG (WNT 6910.15.3-7 i Vortec 610) oraz opisano metodykę przeprowadzonych pomiarów. Wyniki badań wykazały bardziej korzystną charakterystykę temperaturową dyszy Vortec 610 w porównaniu do drugiej analizowanej dyszy CAG.
EN
Presented is information about cooling the machining zone with compressed cold air and about the construction of cold air guns (CAG). The characteristic of two examined nozzles (WNT 6910.15.3-7 and Vortec 610) were given as well as methodology of research. Results of measurements showed more favorable temperature characteristics of Vortec 610 nozzle in comparison to the second analyzed CAG.
PL
Przedstawiono wybrane rezultaty analizy składu pierwiastkowego na czynnej powierzchni ściernic impregnowanych węglem amorficznym po procesie szlifowania stopu Titanium Grade 2®, wykonanej z zastosowaniem spektroskopii dyspersji energii promieniowania rentgenowskiego (SEM-EDS). Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na skuteczne wprowadzenie impregnatu bezpośrednio do strefy styku aktywnych wierzchołków skrawających z materiałem obrabianym.
EN
In the paper the selected results of analysis of the state of amorphous carbon treated grinding wheel active surface after grinding of Titanium Grade 2® using SEM-EDS technique were presented. The obtained results indicate the effective input of impregnating substance directly into the contact zone between abrasive grains and workpiece surface.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad charakterystyką zjawiska dekohezji ziaren ściernych z zastosowaniem wzorców sygnału emisji akustycznej. Na podstawie zarejestrowanych impulsów sygnału emisji akustycznej wyselekcjonowano składowe harmoniczne, charakterystyczne dla danego gatunku ziarna ściernego. Metoda, przez analizę porównawczą i stopień podobieństwa do wzorca, pozwala określać typ ziarna, który uległ dekohezji. Zaproponowana technika może być wykorzystana w systemach, gdzie istotny jest proces nadzorowania pękania i wykruszania wierzchołków aktywnych ziaren ściernych.
EN
The article presents the results of basic research focused on the decohesion phenomenon characteristics of selected abrasive grains using acoustic emission signal patterns. On the basis the recorded signals, and their detailed analysis in the time-frequency domain, the characteristic harmonic components were selected. The method developed for estimating the similarity of the harmonic sequences, allows to use the comparative analysis and the degree of similarity of acoustic emission signal patterns to determine the type of grain in decohesion process by the external force or stress field leads. The proposed technique of grain recognition can be used in grinding wheel wear diagnostic systems, especially in cases where it is significant to supervision and control of cracking and chipping abrasive grain vertices.
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