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From Hippocrates to statistics. A historical perspective

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Hippocrates introduced some level of philosophical reflection to the art of medical practice and made it a science for the very first time. This is how medicine was born. Introducing his theory of life, which was based on the principle of balance of four liquids (sc. humoral theory), Hippocrates created the first model of living organism in its proper physiological condition as well as in its pathological symptoms. The influence of Hippocratic thought on the development of European medicine was significant and became an inspiration for many generations of physicians seeking a final definition of health and disease. This, in consequence, resulted in the development of methodical tools that could be helpful in the description and interpretation of the phenomenon of life. The introduction of “numerical” methods followed by statistical methods to 19th-century medicine opened new ways for scientific investigation. One of most important pioneers in that field was French physician Pierre-Charles- Alexandre Louis. Statistics played an important role in the formation of new pathological and epidemiological models by Carl Rokitansky, Ignaz Semmelweis, and John Snow, became a standard procedure in clinical research of Carl Wunderlich, and finally found its full development in present-day evidence-based-medicine.
Rocznik
Strony
129--134
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz.
Twórcy
  • History of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, Kraków 31-034, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Smith WD. The Hippocratic tradition. Electronic edition. Revised 2002.
  • 2. Bujalkova M, Straka S, Jureckova A. Hippocrates’ humoral pathology in nowaday’s reflections. Bratisl Lek Listy 2001;102:489–92. Available at: http://www.bmj.sk/2001/10210-11.pdf.
  • 3. Magner LN. A history of medicine. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1992.
  • 4. Maquet P. Iatrophysics to biomechanics. From Borelli (1608–1679) to Pauwels (1885–1980). J Bone Joint Surg Br 1992;74:335–9.
  • 5. Low G. Thomas Sydenham: the English Hippocrates. Aust NZ J Surg 1999;69:258–62.
  • 6. Dewhurst K. Thomas Sydenham. Reformer of clinical medicine. Med Hist 1962;6:101–18.
  • 7. Debus AG. The chemical philosophy. Paracelsian science and medicine in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Courier Corporation, 2nd ed. New York: Science History Publications, 2002:447–50. Available at: https://books.google.pl/books?id =y8YaZeiHQnEC&printsec=frontcover&hl=pl&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false.
  • 8. Partington JR. Joan Baptista Van Helmont. Ann Sci 1939;1:359–84.
  • 9. Major RH. A history of medicine. Vol. 2. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1954.
  • 10. Knoeff R. Herman Boerhaave (1668–1783): Calvinist chemist and physician; history of science and scholarship in the Netherlands. Vol. 3. Amsterdam: Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2002. Available at: http://www.dwc.knaw. nl/wp-content/HSSN/2002-3-Knoef-Herman%20Boerhaave.pdf.
  • 11. Porter R. Medical science. In: Porter R, editor. The Cambridge illustrated history of medicine, 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006:162–3.
  • 12. Buess H. Albrecht von Haller and his ‘Elementa Physiologiae’ as the beginning of pathological physiology. Med Hist 1959;3:123–31.
  • 13. Rosen G. Percussion and nostalgia. J Hist Med Allied Sci 1972;27:448–50.
  • 14. Ventura HO. Giovanni Battista Morgagni and the foundation of modern medicine. Clin Cardiol 2000;23:792–4.
  • 15. Roguin A. Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826): the man behind the stethoscope. Clin Med Res 2006;4: 230–5.
  • 16. Shoja MM, Tubbs RS, Loukas M, Shokouhi G, Ardalan MR. Marie-François Xavier Bichat (1771–1802) and his contributions to the foundations of pathological anatomy and modern medicine. Ann Anat 2008;190:413–20.
  • 17. Best M, Neuhauser D. Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis: master of the spirit of mathematical clinical science. Qual Saf Health Care 2005;14:462–4.
  • 18. Morabia A. Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis and the evaluation of bloodletting. J R Soc Med 2006;99:158–60.
  • 19. Mackowiak PH, Worden G. Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich and the evolution of clinical thermometry. Clin Infect Dis 1994;18:458–67.
  • 20. Vinten-Johansen P, Brody H, Paneth N, Rachman S, Rip M. Cholera, chloroform, and the science of medicine: a life of John Snow. Oxford University Press, 2003. Electronic version. Available at: https://books.google.pl/books?id=_93j18W7cvwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=cholera+chloroform+and+the +science+of+medicine+a+life+of+john+snow&hl=pl&sa=X&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAGoVChMI2IPjpo-ZxwIVydwsCh1DQwNj#v=onepage&q=cholera%20chloroform%20and%20the%20science%20of%20medicine%20a%20life%20of%20john%20snow&f=false.
  • 21. Simmons JG. Doctors and discoveries: lives that created today’s medicine. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002. Electronic version. Available at: https://books.google.pl/books/about/Doctors_and_Discoveries.html?id=PD2-gpsoh8kC&redir_esc=y.
  • 22. Gryglewski RW. Historia i filozofia medycyny Władysława Szumowskiego na tle rozwoju historii i filozofii medycyny w Europie i Polsce (Władysław Szumowski’s history and philosophy of medicine on the background of the development of the history and philosophy of medicine in Europe and Poland). Kraków: Gryglewski RW, 2012.
  • 23. Szumowski W. Filozofia medycyny [Philosophy of medicine]. Kęty: Wydawnictwo Marek Derewiecki, 2007.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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