Electron source model responsible for low power beam losses of 1 W/m along the entire PolFEL superconducting electron linear accelerator

• Autorzy: Wasilewski Adam

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/nuka-2024-0025

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The National Centre for Nuclear Research is planning to build a facility based on a free-electron laser (FEL) photon source. It is the first center to build this kind of facility in Eastern Europe. The laser radiation source relies on a superconducting linear electron accelerator. Ultimately, electrons are to be accelerated to energies of 72 MeV, 187 MeV and 280 MeV. To safely operate such kind of accelerator, the design of a shielding bunker is required, capable of attenuating the secondary radiation generated by electrons lost from the beam. This paper proposes a model for the energy and spatial distribution of such electrons. The proposed model will be used in subsequent calculations of the distribution of secondary radiation emitted by both the beamline and some devices essential for the operation of the PolFEL accelerator, such as superconducting niobium accelerating cavities, titanium liquid helium tanks filled with liquid helium, surrounded by μ-metal steel cryomodules containing a steel tube filled with liquid nitrogen, mirrors reflecting the resulting laser beams based on copper blocks, and electron beam deflecting electromagnets made of iron and copper. It was calculated that to reproduce a complex beam loss of 1 W/m, the total lost electron flux as a source of secondary radiation should be 1.7991 × 1013 e/s for 72 MeV, 1.1537 × 1013 e/s for 187 MeV and 1.1012 × 1013 e/s for 280 MeV. Preliminary Monte Carlo calculations of the designed source were performed, obtaining the energy and spatial distributions of the lost electrons.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

FLUKA; Monte Carlo calculations; PolFEL linear electron accelerator; radiation shielding

• Wydawca: Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
• Czasopismo: Nukleonika
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 69, No. 4
• Strony: 179--184
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 7 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Wasilewski Adam

• National Centre for Nuclear Research Andrzej Sołtan 7 St., 05-400 Otwock-Świerk, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2109-5833

Bibliografia

• 1. Szamota-Leandersson, K., Nietubyć, R., Czuma, P., Krawczyk, P., Krzywiński, J., Sekutowicz, J., Staszczak, M., Szewiński, J., Bal, W., Poznański, J., Bartnik, A., Fiedorowicz, H., Janulewicz, K., & Pałka, N. (2019). PolFEL – new facility in Poland. In 39th Free-Electron Laser Conference, 26–30 August 2019 (pp. 746–748). Hamburg, Germany: JACoW Publishing. DOI: 10.18429/JACoW-FEL2019-TH P081.
• 2. Romaniuk, R. S. (2009). POLFEL – A free electron laser in Poland. Photonics Lett. Pol., 1(3), 103–105. DOI: 10.4302/plp.2009. 3.01.
• 3. Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland. (2006). Regulation of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Poland of July 12, 2006 (Chapter 2, §5). (In Polish).
• 4. International Atomic Energy Agency. (2006). Radiation protection in the design of radiotherapy facilities. Vienna: IAEA. (Safety Reports Series no. 47).
• 5. International Atomic Energy Agency. (2018). Radiation protection and safety in medical uses of ionizing radiation. Vienna: IAEA. (Safety Standards Series no. SSG- 46).
• 6. Böhlen, T. T., Cerutti, F., Chin, M. P. W., Fassò, A., Ferrari, A., Ortega, P. G., Mairani, A., Sala, P. R., Smirnov, G., & Vlachoudis, V. (2014). The FLUKA code: Developments and challenges for high Energy and medical applications. Nucl. Data Sheets, 120, 211–214.
• 7. Ferrari, A., Sala, P. R., Fassò, A., & Ranft, J. (2005). FLUKA: a multi-particle transport code. CERN-2005-10, INFN/TC_05/11, SLAC-R-773.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).