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In this paper, a detailed analysis of the content of the bitstream, produced by the HEVC video encoder is presented. With the use of the HM 10.0 reference software the following statistics were investigated: 1) the amount of data in the encoded stream related to individual frame types, 2) the relationship between the value of the QP and the size of the bitstream at the output of the encoder, 3) contribution of individual types of data to I and B frames. The above mentioned aspects have been thoroughly explored for a wide range of target bitrates. The obtained results became the basis for highlighting guidelines that allow for efficient bitrate control in the HEVC encoder.
Słowa kluczowe
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Tom
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121--127
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Bibliogr. 19 poz., il., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
autor
- Chair of Multimedia Telecommunications and Microelectronics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] W. A. Pearlman, A. Said, Digital Signal Compression. Principles and Practice, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
- [2] J. W. Woods, Multidimensional Signal, Image, and Video Processing and Coding, Second Edition, Elsevier, 2011.
- [3] G. J. Sullivan, J.-R. Ohm, W.-J. Han, T. Wiegand, Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1649–1668, December 2012.
- [4] ISO/IEC and ITU-T, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), ISO/IEC 23008-2 (MPEG-H Part 2) / ITU-T Rec. H.265, April 2013.
- [5] J.-R. Ohm, G. J. Sullivan, H. Schwarz, T.-K. Tan; T. Wiegand, Comparison of the Coding Efficiency of Video Coding Standards – Including High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1669–1684, December 2012.
- [6] B. Li, H. Li, L. Li, J. Zhang, ʎ-domain rate control algorithm for high efficiency video coding, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 3841–3854, September 2014.
- [7] T. Grajek, M. Domański, New model of MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 video encoders, 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 961–964, September 2010.
- [8] T. Grajek, M. Domański, Single Frame Rate-Quantization Model for MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 Video Encoders, Lecture Notes in Computer Science - Computer Vision and Graphics, pp. 384–391, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
- [9] J. Lainema, K. Ugur, A. Hallapuro, Single entropy coder for HEVC with a high throughput binarization mode, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11, Doc. JCTVC-G569, Geneva, Switzerland, November 2011.
- [10] V. Sze, M. Budagavi, High Throughput CABAC Entropy Coding in HEVC, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1778–1791, December 2012.
- [11] J. Stankowski, D. Karwowski, T. Grajek, K. Wegner, J. Siast, K. Klimaszewski, O. Stankiewicz, M. Domański, Bitrate Distribution of Syntax Elements in the HEVC Encoded Video, International Conference on Signals and Electronic Systems (ICSES), Poznan, Poland, 2014.
- [12] HEVC test model reference software – available online: https://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/svn/
- [13] F. Bossen, Common test conditions and software reference configurations, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITUT SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11, Doc. JCTVC-J1100, Stockholm, Sweden, July 2012.
- [14] F. Bossen, CE1: Table-based bit estimation for CABAC, Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) of ITU-T SG16 WP3 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11, Document: JCTVC-G763, Geneva, Switzerland, November 2011.
- [15] W. H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, B. P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes. The Art of Scientific Computing, Third Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- [16] T. Chiang, Y.-Q. Zhang, A new rate control scheme using quadratic rate distortion model, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 7, pp. 246–250, 1997.
- [17] M. Domański, A. Łuczak, Simple global model of an MPEG-2 bitstream, IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME, pp. 645–648, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2002.
- [18] S. C. Lim, H. R. Na, Y. L. Lee, Rate control based on linear regression for H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 39–58, Elsevier, 2007.
- [19] Y. Zhou, Y. Sun, Z. Feng, S. Sun, New rate-distortion modeling and efficient rate control for H.264/AVC video coding, Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 345–356, Elsevier, 2009.
Uwagi
EN
Research project was supported by The National Centre for Research and Development, Poland. Grant no. LIDER/023/541/L-4/12/NCBR/2013.
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Bibliografia
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