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Trihalomethane Formation Potential in the Water Treated by Coagulation

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Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the coagulation process using pre-hydrolysed salts, polyaluminium chlorides, in reduction of water pollution with organic substances, including precursors to formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) during water chlorination. Surface water collected from the Stradomka river and from the Adriatyk reservoir located in Częstochowa was used for the research. In addition to typical indices used to assess the content of organic compounds (total and dissolved organic carbon TOC and DOC, oxygen consumption, ultraviolet absorbance UV254), the study also evaluated the potential of THM formation. Under the laboratory conditions of the process using pre-hydrolysed coagulants, reductions in oxygen consumption and TOC contents depending on the month and place when water was collected were 17–42% and 14–38%, respectively, whereas reduction in UV254 absorbance ranged from 39 to 69%. The study confirmed the usefulness of the coagulation process in the removal of organic matter, which represents a precursor for formation of trihalomethanes. The potential for THM formation in treated water was by 28–55% lower than in untreated surface water after chlorination. The concentration of trichloromethane was 78–93% of the total THM content in the chlorinated treated waters. Dissolved organic matter played a major role in CHCl3 formation (76–88%).
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
237--244
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dąbrowskiego 73, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Bhatnagar A., Sillanpää M. 2017. Removal of natural organic matter (NOM) and its constituents from water by adsorption. A review. Chemosphere, 166, 497–510.
  • 2. Clayton G.E., Thorn R.M.S, Reynolds D.S. 2019. Comparison of trihalomethane formation using chlorine-based disinfectants within a model system; applications within point-of-use drinking water treatment. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 7, 35, 1–13.
  • 3. Dąbrowska L. 2018. The use polyaluminium chlorides with various basicity for removing organic matter from drinking water. Desalination and Water Treatment, 134, 80–85.
  • 4. Font-Ribera L., Colomer Cotta J., Gómez-Gutiérrez A., Villanueva C.M. 2017. Trihalomethane concentrations in tap water as determinant of bottled water use in the city of Barcelona. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 58, 77–82.
  • 5. Golea D.M., Upton A., Jarvis P., Moore G., Sutherland S., Parsons S.A., Judd S.J. 2017. THM and HAA formation from NOM in raw and treated surface waters. Water Research, 112, 226–235.
  • 6. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. 2011. 4th ed. World Health Organization, Geneva.
  • 7. Kaleta J., Puszkarewicz A. 2019. Influence of water hardness on the effectiveness of coagulation of humic compounds. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 20(6), 126–134.
  • 8. Machi J., Mołczan M. 2016. Methods for natural organic matter characterization in water taken and treated for human consumption, Environmental Protection, 38(4), 25–32 (in Polish).
  • 9. Marais S.S., Ncube E.J., Msagati T.A.M., Mamba B.B., Nkambule T.T.I. 2019. Assessment of trihalomethane (THM) precursors using specific ultrafiolet absorbance (SUVA) and molecular size distribution (MSD). Journal of Water Process Engineering, 27, 143–151.
  • 10. Matilainen A., Vepsäläinen M., Sillanpää M. 2010. Natural organic matter removal by coagulation during water treatment. A review. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 159, 189–197.
  • 11. Nawrocki J. (Ed.) 2010. Water treatment. Physical, chemical and biological processes. PWN Scientific Publishing, Warszawa – Poznań (in Polish).
  • 12. Niu Z.-G., Hu X.-P., Zhang Y., Sun Y.-Y. 2017. Effect of chlorine dose in prechlorination on trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids during water treatment process. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24, 5068–5077.
  • 13. Regulation of the Minister of Health from 7 December 2017 on the quality of water intended for human consumption, item 2294.
  • 14. Sillanpää M., Ncibi M.Ch., Matilainen A., Vepsäläinen M. 2018. Removal of natural organic matter in drinking water treatment by coagulation: A comprehensive review. Chemosphere, 190, 54–71.
  • 15. Sperczyńska E., Dąbrowska L., Wiśniowska E. 2016. Removal of turbidity, colour and organic matter from surface water by coagulation with polyaluminium chlorides and with activated carbon as coagulant aid. Desalination and Water Treatment, 57(3), 1139–1144.
  • 16. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 1998. 20th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
  • 17. Wang F., Gao B., Yue Q., Bu F., Shen X. 2017. Effects of ozonation, powdered activated carbon adsorption, and coagulation on the removal of disinfection by-product precursors in reservoir water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24, 17945–17954.
  • 18. Yang Z., Gao B., Wang Y., Wang Q., Yue Q. 2011. Aluminum fractions in surface water from reservoirs by coagulation treatment with polyaluminum chloride (PAC): Influence of initial pH and OH-/ Al3+ ratio. Chemical Engineering Journal, 170, 107–113.
  • 19. Zainudin F.M., Hasan H.A., Abdullah S.R.S. 2018. An overview of the technology used to remove trihalomethane (THM), trihalomethane precursors, and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) from water and wastewater. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 57, 1–14.
  • 20. Zhang Z., Jing R., He S., Qian J., Zhang K., Ma G., Chang X., Zhang M., Li Y. 2018. Coagulation of low temperature and low turbidity water: Adjusting basicity of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and using chitosan as coagulant aid. Separation and Purification Technology, 206, 131–139.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-7f940657-492a-4dd0-9663-b2e72d75317f
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