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Application of a Photochromic Dye in an Automatic Welding Filter

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The main purposes of this study were to select a photochromic dye and to develop an active welding filter with a photochromic layer. A series of functionalized spirobenzopyranoindolins were synthesized and their photophysical and photochemical properties were investigated in a solution using absorption and emission spectroscopy. Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy measurements were used to characterize the decays and rate constants of fluorescence emission. One dye was selected as a suitable photoactive compound in automatic welding filters. A model of an active welding filter with a photochromic layer based on 1’,3’,3’-trimethyl-6-nitrospiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2’-indole] (6-nitroBIPS) was developed. The paper presents the results of tests of the filter conducted according to EN standards.
Rocznik
Strony
243--254
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Łódź, Poland
autor
  • Department of Molecular Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Łódź, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1.Koradecka D, editor. Bezpieczeństwo pracy i ergonomia. Volume 1. Warszawa, Poland: Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy; 1997.
  • 2.Bur W, Sutter E. Dynamic filters for protective devices. In: Muller GJ, Sliney DH, editors. Dosimetry of laser radiation in medicine and biology. Bellingham, WA, USA: SPIE Optical Engineering Press; 1989. p. 175–95.
  • 3.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Personal eye-protection—automatic welding filters (Standard No. EN 379:2003). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 2003.
  • 4.Bouas-Laurent H, Dürr H. Organic photochromism (IUPAC technical report). Pure Appl Chem. 2001;73(4):639–65. Retrieved June 5, 2009, from: http://old .iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/pdf/ 7304x0639.pdf.
  • 5.Lukyajnow BS, Lukyajnova MB. Spiropyrans: synthesis, properties and application. Chem Heterocycl Compd. 2005;41(3):281–311.
  • 6.Futami Y, Chin MLS, Kudoh S, Takayanagi M, Nakata M. Conformations of nitro-substituted spiropyran and merocyanine studied by low-temperature matrix-isolation infrared spectroscopy and density-functional-theory calculation. Chem Phys Lett. 2003;370:460–8.
  • 7.Holm AK, Rini M, Nibbering TJ, Fidder H. Femtosecond UV/mid-IR study of photochromism of the spiropyran 1’,3’-dihydro-1’,3’,3’-trimethyl-6-nitrospiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2’-(2H)-indole] in solution. Chem Phys Lett. 2003;376:214–9.
  • 8.Gorner H, Atabekyan LS, Chibisov AK. Photoprocess in spiropyran-derived merocyanines: singlet versus triplet pathway. Chem Phys Lett. 1996;260:59–64.
  • 9.Yuzawa T, Shimojima A, Takahashi H. Photochromic reaction of 6-nitro-1’,3’,3’-trimethylspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2’-indoline]: time-resolved resonance Raman and absorption study. J Mol Struct. 1995; 352–353:497–507.
  • 10.Delgado-Macuil R, Rojas-Lopez M, Gayou VL, Orduña Diaz A, Diaz-Reyes J. ATR spectroscopy applied to photochromic polymer analysis. Materials characterization. 2007;58:771–5.
  • 11.Kieszwetter R, Pustet N, Brandl F, Mannschreck A. 1’,3’,3’-Trimethyl-6-nitrospiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2’-indoline]: its thermal enantiomerization and the equilibration with its merocyanine. Tetrahedron Asymmetry. 1999;10:4677–87.
  • 12.Kawanishi Y, Seki K, Tamaki T, Sakuragi M, Suzuki Y. Tuning reverse ring closure in the photochromic and theromohromic transformation of 6-nitro-1’,3’,3’-trimethylspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2’-indole] analogues by ionic moieties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem. 1997; 109:237–42.
  • 13.Maafi M, Brown RG. An analytical solution for the kinetics of AB (1k, 1φ) systems and its application to a spirobenzopyran. Int J Chem Kinet. 2007;39(9):539–45.
  • 14.Atabekyan LS, Zakharova GV, Ogienko VN, Chibisov AK. Photochromic transformations of spiro compounds: the kinetics of photocoloration under continuous irradiation. High Energ Chem. 2002;36(5):322–5.
  • 15.Gorner H. Photoprocesses in spiropyrans and their merocyanine isomers: effects of temperature and viscosity. Chem Phys. 1997;222:315–29.
  • 16.Gorner H. Photochemical ring opening in nitrospiropyrans: triplet pathway and the role of singlet molecular oxygen. Chem Phys Lett. 1998;282:381–90.
  • 17.Wohl CJ, Kuciauskas D. Excited-state dynamics of spiropyran-derived merocyanine isomers. J Phys Chem B. 2005;109(47):22186–91.
  • 18.Birch DJS, Imhof RE. Time-domain fluorescence spectroscopy using time correlated single photon counting. In: Lakowicz JR, editor. Topics in fluorescence spectroscopy. Vol. 1. Techniques. New York, NY, USA: Plenum Press; 1991. p. 1–95.
  • 19.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Personal eye-protection—filters for welding and related techniques—transmittance requirements and recommended use (Standard No. EN 169:2002). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 2002.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-282aae07-3ff6-4040-aa57-78311a2a17f4
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