BazTech - Yadda

1

Applicability Study of Co and Eu Extraction Using Solvent from Ca Rich HCl Solution

Oh Maengkyo, Lee Keunyoung, Foster Richard I., Kim Ik-Soo, Lee Chang-Ha

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 1

123--126

EN

This study was conducted to treat radioactive acidic wastewater, which contained radioactive 60Co and 152Eu. The wastewater can be generated during a decommissioning project to reduce the volume of radioactive concrete waste from nuclear facilities. With a variety of methods for separating the radioactive nuclides available, we evaluated the separation applicability of the solvent extraction method. From our results, Co and Eu could be easily extracted from the Ca rich wastewater using Cyanex301 (Co extraction (%) 99.8, Eu extraction (%) 99.6) without Ca extraction. On the other hand, Eu could be selectively separated by Cyanex272 (Eu extraction (%) 99.1) without Co and Ca extraction at pH 2~3. Therefore, the extraction method can be tailored according to the target radionuclides present in the wastewater and be selectively applied to the overall treatment process. By extracting radioactive Co and Eu from acidic wastewater to below the discharge criteria, treated wastewater could be regarded as non-radioactive industrial waste, to be economically and easily handled. Moreover, it may be possible to reuse separated Co and Eu for research and industrial applications by realizing waste valorization.

2

Comparative Investigation of Yield and Quality of Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Conversion of Recycled Polypropylene and Polyethylene Plastics over Fe-Co-Mo/CaCO3 Based on Chemical Vapour Deposition

Onu Matthew Adah, Ayeleru Olusola Olaitan, Oboirien Bilainu, Olubambi Peter Apata

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2023

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Vol. 17, no 5

174--186

EN

Polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) plastic waste is accumulating in the environment and the oceans at an alarming rate. The current management methods, mostly landfilling and incineration, are becoming unsustainable. In this study, thermal catalytic conversion of waste PP and PE polymers into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a trimetallic catalyst prepared from the nitrate salts of iron, cobalt, and molybdenum supported with calcium carbonate was reported. The yield and quality of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) produced were investigated. The findings showed a high graphitic value for the CNTs obtained from PP and PE, as corroborated by the d-spacing of XRD. The ID/IG ratio of CNTS synthesized from PP and PE as carbon sources were 0.6724 and 0.9028, respectively, which showed that CNT produced from PP has more ordered graphite. The functional groups present in the produced CNTs were determined via FITR analysis. The BET and Langmuir surface areas were found to be (6.834 and 70.468 m2/g) and (6.733 and 70.347 m2/g) for CNTs obtained from PP and PE respectively. The d-spacing was computed as 0.3425 nm and 0.3442 nm for CNTs made from PP and PE. These fall within the graphite's d-spacing at 0.335 nm. The TGA showed high percentage purity of 94.71 and 94.40% for the products obtained from PP and PE, respectively. The findings showed that recycled PP and PE could be good alternative carbon sources for CNT production.

3

Distilled Spirit Extraction of Phenolic Antioxidants from Fruit and Vegetable Residues

Ortinero Cesar V., Rafael Rosalie R., Rayos Charmaine Eljie R., Bautista Katherine D. A., Feliciano Mark Aldren M., Natividad Lexter R., Natividad Gaudencio M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 1

125--131

EN

There is a growing interest in natural antioxidants due to their potential in improving the quality of food and cosmetic products and their health-promoting properties. Distilled spirits contain high amount of ethanol and may be an alternative to the food-grade solvents, while agricultural by-products contain phenolic substances that may have antioxidant properties. This study was therefore conducted to find out if gin, vodka, and tequila flavored spirit, alcoholic beverages with about 40% ethanol, can extract the phenolic compounds from agricultural by-products, and to determine if the extracts possess the antioxidant activity. Peels of ripe banana (Musa acuminata), ripe mango (Mangifera indica), calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa), squash (Cucurbita maxima), ripe pineapple (Ananas comosus), purple yam (Dioscorea alata), and sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) were collected, dried, and ground. The phenolic substances in the plant materials were extracted with alcoholic beverages or 40% ethanol. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts was determined by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and gallic acid as reference compound. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated through the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) served as positive control in the DPPH assay. Non-linear regression was applied to the DPPH assay data to estimate the values of median effective concentration (EC50). All three alcoholic beverages were able to extract the phenolic materials from the plant samples. However, the ability of vodka and gin to extract the phenolic substances was either statistically comparable or better than 40% ethanol. The results of the DPPH scavenging assay showed that the M. indica peel had the strongest activity, while C. microcarpa had the weakest scavenging activity. At 1000-ppm level, the antioxidant activity of the M. indica peel was comparable with that of BHA, regardless of the solvent used for extraction. Therefore, the M. indica peel can be a source of natural antioxidants and potential substitute to synthetic antioxidants. Both gin and vodka can be used as a substitute for food-compatible solvents.

4

Bioconversion of Citrofortunella Microcarpa Fruit Waste Into Lactic Acid By Lactobacillus Plantarum

Ortinero C. V., Mariano A. P. B., Kalaw S. P., Rafael R. R.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 18, nr 4

35--41

EN

The processing of Citrofortunella mircocarpa fruit juice generates large volume of solid waste, causing disposal problem. Several studies have demonstrated that wastes from agricultural and food processing industries such as fruit and vegetable peels contain high amount of polysaccharides that can be transformed into useful chemicals, including lactic acid, through fermentation. Lactic acid is widely used in various industries, such as in the manufacture of biodegradable plastic, and the demand for this chemical justifies the search of renewable feedstock for its biotechnological production. This study aimed to produce lactic acid from C. microcarpa fruit waste biomass through fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum. The hydrolysate from C. microcarpa fruit waste was prepared, inoculated with different amounts of L. plantarum cell suspension, and incubated for three days. Lactic acid production was monitored daily. The lactic acid produced from the fermentation was recovered as calcium lactate and lactic acid crystals. The identity of the crystals was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy and paper chromatography. The highest lactic acid production was observed in fermentation mixtures containing the highest number of L. plantarum cells. Within three days of fermentation, the amount of lactic acid production increased with increasing period of incubation. Partial characterization of the crystals recovered from the fermentation mixtures by FTIR spectroscopy showed that the peaks in the spectrum were consistent with the chemical structure of lactate. Paper chromatography results likewise confirmed that the crystals are lactate. C. microcarpa fruit waste can afford lactic acid when fermented with L. plantarum. The results of the study may serve as basis for the development of technology for the utilization of C. microcarpa fruit waste biomass as renewable resource for industrial production of lactic acid.

5

Waloryzacja zwałowisk odpadów pogórniczych z kopalń Katowickiego Holdingu Węglowego S.A.

Probierz K., Gawor Ł., Jonczy I., Marcisz M.

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2017

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T. 33, z. 1

35--50

PL

Na obszarze Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego zinwentaryzowano ponad 220 zwałowisk odpadów po górnictwie węgla kamiennego. Ze względu na znaczne zawartości substancji węglowej w odpadach, obiekty te mogą stanowić perspektywiczne złoża wtórne. W celu określenia możliwości odzysku podjęto próbę powiązania jakości węgla w złożach oraz w materiale odpadowym. Kolejnym istotnym krokiem jest rekultywacja oraz zagospodarowanie zwałowisk po zakończeniu efektywnych procesów odzysku. Badania miały na celu inwentaryzację, skartowanie oraz waloryzację zwałowisk po górnictwie węgla kamiennego z kopalń Katowickiego Holdingu Węglowego S.A. (KHW S.A.), pod kątem rekultywacji i zagospodarowania badanych obiektów oraz określenia potencjalnych możliwości odzysku węgla ze zwałowisk. Waloryzacja zwałowisk pogórniczych została wykonana z wykorzystaniem autorskiej metodologii, uwzględniającej zagadnienia rekultywacji, zagospodarowania, dostępności oraz zagrożeń środowiskowych. Określono kierunki rekultywacji technicznej (przykładowo obiekty krajobrazowe, zwałowiska stołowe) i biologicznej (np. kierunek leśny – zadrzewienie), rekultywacja mieszana (zadarnienie i zadrzewienie, zadarnienie, brak rekultywacji), oceniono dostępność w odniesieniu do otwarcia/zamknięcia terenu zwałowiska oraz rodzaju dróg prowadzących do obiektu. Powiązanie jakości węgla w złożach eksploatowanych przez kopalnie KHW S.A. i węgla w materiale odpadowym zwałowisk pozwoliło na ocenę możliwości bardziej efektywnego odzysku z nich węgla.

EN

The cataloging of over 220 coal mining dumping grounds after hard coal mining was carried out on the area of the Upper Silesian Coal B asin (USCB ). Considering the significant content of coal particles in the waste, these object may be perceived as perspective anthropogenic deposits. In order to define the possibilities of recovery, an attempt of linking the quality of coal in the deposit and the in waste material was performed. Another step is the reclamation and use of dumping grounds after completing effective recovery processes. The purpose of the research was the cataloging, mapping and valorization of coal mining waste dumps from Katowicki Holding Węglowy coal mines, for the needs of reclamation and management of examined objects and defining the potential recovery of coal from the dumps. The valorization of the post-mining waste dumps was done with the use of original methodology, considering the problems of: reclamation, management, accessibility of the dumps as well as environmental hazards. The directions of the technical reclamation (e.g. landscape objects, tabular dumps) and biological reclamation (e.g. forest direction, mixed reclamation (grass and tree reclamation), grass cultivation, lack of reclamation) were defined. Accessibility with regard to open access/closing of the dump area and the roads leading towards the object were evaluated. The connection of coal quality in the deposits of KHW S.A. and in waste material enabled the definition and evaluation of the potential possibilities of recovery of coal from the post mining dumping grounds.