Przyczyny zmian ziemskiego klimatu

• Autorzy: Kosek Wiesław

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.15199/50.2020.3.1

Warianty tytułu

EN

Causes of terrestrial climate changes

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Obserwowany od ponad stu lat globalny wzrost temperatury na Ziemi powoduje zmniejszanie grubości pokryw lodowych monitorowany za pomocą satelitarnych misji altimetrycznych i grawimetrycznych, a także globalny wzrost poziomu oceanu światowego monitorowany za pomocą pomiarów mareograficznych oraz altimetrii satelitarnej. Jako jedną z przyczyn wzrostu tej temperatury wymienia się działalność człowieka, która związana jest z produkcją gazów cieplarnianych, w szczególności dwutlenku węgla, na skutek spalania olejów napędowych, węgla oraz gazu. Atmosferę ziemską dogrzewa, jednak bez wzrostu globalnej temperatury, stały dopływ energii płynącej z wnętrza Ziemi na skutek rozpadu radioaktywnych izotopów uranu, toru i potasu. Ostatnie badania wskazują, że jedną z przyczyn zmian ziemskiego klimatu może być również zmienna aktywność cyklu słonecznego, która poprzez emisję wiatru słonecznego wpływa na intensywność galaktycznego promieniowania kosmicznego odpowiedzialnego za jonizację troposfery i powstawanie chmur na niskich wysokościach. Nieznaczne zmniejszanie się globalnego zachmurzenia w poprzednim i obecnym stuleciu wpływa na zmniejszanie się średniego albedo, które zwiększa dopływ do powierzchni Ziemi promieniowania słonecznego ogrzewającego troposferę oraz wody oceanu światowego.

EN

The global increase in temperature on Earth, observed for over a hundred years, causes a decrease in the thickness of ice covers monitored by satellite altimetry and gravimetric missions, as well as a global sea level rise monitored by mareographic measurements and satellite altimetry. One of the reasons for the increase in this temperature is human activity, which is associated with the production of greenhouse gases, in particular, carbon dioxide, due to the combustion of fuel, coal and gas. The Earth's atmosphere is warming up, however, without increasing global temperature, by a constant supply of energy flowing from the Earth's interior due to the decay of radioactive isotopes of uranium, thorium and potassium. Recent studies indicate that one of the causes of changes in the Earth's climate may also be the solar cycle variability, which through the emission of solar wind affects the intensity of galactic cosmic radiation responsible for the ionization of the troposphere and the formation of clouds at low altitudes. A slight decrease in global cloud cover in the previous and present century causes the decrease of the Earth's albedo, which increases the inflow of solar radiation to the Earth's surface heating the troposphere and the global sea waters.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

zmiana klimatu; efekt cieplarniany; albedo Ziemi; globalne zachmurzenie; galaktyczne promieniowanie kosmiczne; techniki geodezji satelitarnej

EN

climate change; greenhouse effect; Earth's albedo; global cloud cover; galactic cosmic radiation; satellite geodesy techniques

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT
• Czasopismo: Przegląd Geodezyjny
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: R. 92, nr 3
• Strony: 8--12
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 52 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Kosek Wiesław

• Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna, Wydział Inżynierii Lądowej i Geodezji, ul. gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warszawa

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).