Architecture of the administrative centre of Kharkiv, the capital – laboratory for the creation of the New Man: from concept to implementation

• Autorzy: Didenko Kateryna , Gella Olena

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.35784/bud-arch.5886

Warianty tytułu

PL

Architektura centrum administracyjnego Charkowa, stolicy – laboratorium tworzenia Nowego Człowieka: od koncepcji do realizacji

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The interest in addressing social and political problems through architecture entered the professional discourse of Ukrainian architects in the 1920s. The creation of a new Soviet man became one of the central ideas of the early Soviet state. As a result of the planned transformation of social and family life, there was an active search for new typologies and concepts in both residential and public architecture. The creation of "social condensers," as a means of spatially materializing the idea of shaping anew Soviet man through architecture, became one of the most significant leitmotifs in the formation of architectural and urban planning ensembles in the capital city of Kharkiv, Kharkiv is known not only as a site for creating world renowned modernist complexes, but also as a venue for implementing social experiments. This article explores an example of such a "social condenser" through the ensemble of the Dzerzhynskyj Square (now Svobody Square) district, featuring its unique residential block-combines, as well as architectural concepts that were not realized in their originally conceived form.

PL

Zainteresowanie rozwiązywaniem problemów społecznych i politycznych poprzez architekturę weszło do profesjonalnego dyskursu ukraińskich architektów w latach dwudziestych XX wieku. Stworzenie nowego człowieka radzieckiego stało się jedną z głównych idei wczesnego państwa radzieckiego. W wyniku planowanej transformacji życia społecznego i rodzinnego aktywnie poszukiwano nowych typologii i koncepcji zarówno w architekturze mieszkaniowej, jak i publicznej. Tworzenie „kondensatorów społecznych” jako sposobu na materializację idei kształtowania nowego człowieka radzieckiego poprzez architekturę stało się jednym z najważniejszych motywów przewodnich w tworzeniu zespołów architektonicznych i urbanistycznych w Charkowie. Charków jest znany nie tylko jako miejsce tworzenia światowej sławy modernistycznych kompleksów, ale także jako miejsce wdrażania eksperymentów społecznych. Niniejszy artykuł analizuje przykład takiego „kondensatora społecznego” w dzielnicy Dzierżyńskyj Plac (obecnie Plac Swobody), charakteryzujący się unikalnymi blokami mieszkalnymi, a także koncepcjami architektonicznymi, które nie zostały zrealizowane w pierwotnie zaplanowanej formie.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

metropolitan Kharkiv; administrative centre; residential block-combines; social condenser; new Soviet man

PL

metropolitalny Charków; centrum administracyjne; blok mieszkalny; kondensator społeczny; nowy człowiek radziecki

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
• Czasopismo: Budownictwo i Architektura
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 23, no. 4
• Strony: 5--23
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 39 poz., fig.

Twórcy

autor

Didenko Kateryna

• Faculty of Architecture; Vilnius Gediminas Technical University

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-686X

autor

Gella Olena

• Department of Architecture Design; O.M. Beketov Kharkiv National University of Municipal Economy

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-6411

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).