Bee Pollen as a Functional Product – Chemical Constituents and Nutritional Properties

• Autorzy: Alshallash Khalid S. , Abolaban Gomaa , Elhamamsy Sam M. , Zaghlool Ayman , Nasr Ali , Nagib Ashraf , Abd El-Hakim Ahmed F. , Zahra Abdullah A. , Hamdy Ashraf E. , Taha Ibrahim M.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/156611

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Nutritional supplements play a role in promoting human protein synthesis, fitness recovery, and mental health protection. Pollen is considered a natural food with excellent nutritional value. The use of bee-gathered pollen as a nutritional supplement is now widespread around the world, and it is appreciated for its healing qualities. However, depending on the floral species and the region of origin, pollen has a wide range of nutritional value. It was found that clover pollen had the highest protein content (31.4 g/100 g DM), while the lowest content was observed in maize pollen (21.3%). Eucalyptus pollen had the highest lipid amount (9.49 g/100 g DM), while clover pollen had the lowest content (7.46 g/100 g). Phytochemical analysis showed that eucalyptus pollen occupied the highest total antioxidant activity (67.02%), followed by clover (58.25%) then maize (52.18%), whereas clover pollen had the highest phenolic content (1165 mg GAE/100 gm), compared with the other pollen varieties (949.4 to 1073 mg-GAE/100 gm). The contents of branched-chain amino acids were 29, 33.3, and 38.4 mg/g for maize, eucalyptus, and clover respectively, representing 17.87, 18.44, and 16.53% of total amino acids. The contents of total essential amino acids (EAAs) were 61.8, 73.0, and 83.5 mg/g for maize, eucalyptus, and clover pollen, respectively. Only eucalyptus pollen ultimately met the minimum requirements of EAAs for adults. In contrast, the other two types of pollen contained at least 3–4 limiting amounts of the essential amino acids leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, and valine. In conclusion, pollen is a good, affordable source of nutrients that can be utilized as beneficial dietary supplements for human health.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

eucalyptus; clover; maize; phenolic content; amino acid; pollen

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 24, nr 2
• Strony: 173--183
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 39 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Alshallash Khalid S.

• College of Science and Humanities - Huraymila, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University (IM SIU), P.O. Box 5701, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia

autor

Abolaban Gomaa

• Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt

autor

Elhamamsy Sam M.

• Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt

autor

Zaghlool Ayman

• Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt

autor

Nasr Ali

• Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt

autor

Nagib Ashraf

• Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt

autor

Abd El-Hakim Ahmed F.

• Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt

autor

Zahra Abdullah A.

• Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt

autor

Hamdy Ashraf E.

• Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1984-2585

autor

Taha Ibrahim M.

• Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).