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EBW titanium sheets as material for drawn parts

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The growing demand for high strength, lightweight and corrosion-resistant drawn parts has created increasing interest in the use of titanium and its alloys. Additional benefits may result from the use of tailor-welded blanks, allowing for significant savings in material, and the possibility of applying higher strength sheets exactly where needed. When forming welded blanks, it is necessary to overcome many technological barriers which are not reflected in technical literature. Therefore, some prior experience in numerical simulations is needed before embarking on further studies of welded blanks formability. For this purpose, it is necessary to determine the mechanical parameters of the base materials, as well as the fusion and heat-affected zones. The paper is devoted to the analysis of an electron beam welded joint made of commercially pure titanium Grade 2 and titanium alloy Grade 5. Light microscopy was used for examination of the joint microstructure and determination of the size of the specific joint zones. The mechanical parameters of the base materials were specified in a tensile test, while the material properties of the fusion and heat-affected zones were estimated on the basis of the relationship between the material hardness and strength assuming that the yield stress is directly proportional to the material hardness. To do this, a scratch test and microhardness measurements (using small load) were carried out. The obtained results allow for improvement to the numerical model of sheet-metal forming welded blanks and consequently, it will allow for better agreement between the numerical and empirical results.
Rocznik
Strony
42--47
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 35 poz., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Częstochowa University of Technology, ul. Dąbrowskiego 69, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland
autor
  • Częstochowa University of Technology, ul. Dąbrowskiego 69, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland
autor
  • Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1] R.R. Boyer, R.D. Briggs, The use of b titanium alloys in the aerospace industry, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 14 (6) (2005) 681–685.
  • [2] K. Faller, F.H. Froes, The use of titanium in family automobiles, Journal of Metals 53 (4) (2001) 27–28.
  • [3] T.L. Jones, K. Kondoh, T. Mimoto, N. Nakanishi, J. Umeda, The development of a Ti–6Al–4V alloy via oxygen solid solution strengthening for aerospace and defense applications, Key Engineering Materials 551 (2013) 118–126.
  • [4] Y. Kosaka, S.P. Fox, Recent development of titanium and its alloys in automotive exhaust applications, in: Proceedings of the Symposium: Titanium Alloys for High Temperature Applications. TMS 2006 Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA, (2006), pp. 69–80.
  • [5] C.L. Li, W.J. Ye, X.J. Mi, S.X. Hui, D.G. Lee, Y.T. Lee, Development of low cost and low elastic modulus of Ti–Al– Mo–Fe alloys for automotive applications, Key Engineering Materials 551 (2013) 114–117.
  • [6] M. Niinomi, M. Nakai, J. Hieda, K. Cho, T. Akahori, T. Hattori, M. Ikeda, Research and development of low-cost titanium alloys for biomedical applications, Key Engineering Materials 551 (2013) 133–142.
  • [7] H.J. Rack, J.I. Qaz, Titanium alloys for biomedical applications, Materials Science and Engineering C 26 (8) (2006) 1269–1277.
  • [8] M. Yamada, An overview on the development of titanium alloys for non-aerospace application in Japan, Materials Science and Engineering A 213 (1996) 8–15.
  • [9] M. Hyrcza-Michalska, J. Rojek, O. Fruitos, Numerical simulation of car body elements pressing applying tailor welded blanks – practical verification of results, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 10 (4) (2010) 31–44.
  • [10] C.P. Lai, L.C. Chan, Comparative study of forming titanium tailor-welded blanks under single and multi-stage forming process at elevated temperatures, in: Proceeding of the 11th World Conference on Titanium (Ti-2007), 2007, 1013– 1016.
  • [11] C.P. Lai, L.C. Chan, C.L. Chow, Warm forming simulation of titanium tailor-welded blanks with experimental verification, in: Materials Processing and Design – Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Industrial Forming Processes, Porto, Portugal, (2007), pp. 1621–1626.
  • [12] J. Sinke, C. Iacono, A.A. Zadpoor, Tailor made blanks for the aerospace industry, International Journal of Material Forming 3 (1) (2010) 849–852.
  • [13] J. Sinke, A.A. Zadpoor, R. Benedictus, Tailor made blanks for aerospace industry, in: B.L. Kinsey, X. Wu (Eds.), Tailor Welded Blanks for Advanced Manufacturing, Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge UK, 2011, pp. 181–202.
  • [14] A.A. Zadpoor, J. Sinke, R. Benedictus, Mechanics of tailor-welded blanks: an overview, Key Engineering Materials 344 (2007) 373–382.
  • [15] E. Akman, A. Demir, T. Canel, T. Sınmazcelik, Laser welding of Ti6Al4V titanium alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209 (2009) 3705–3713.
  • [16] Z. Li, S.L. Gobbi, I. Norris, S. Zolotovsky, K.H. Richter, Laser welding techniques for titanium alloy sheet, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 65 (1997) 203–208.
  • [17] J. Lisok, A. Piela, Method of evaluating drawability of laser-welded tailored blanks, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 4 (3) (2004) 33–44.
  • [18] W. Piekarska, M. Kubiak, Theoretical investigations into heat transfer in laser-welded steel sheets, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 110 (1) (2012) 159–166.
  • [19] J. Rojek, M. Hyrcza-Michalska, A. Bokota, W. Piekarska, Determination of mechanical properties of the weld zone in tailor-welded blanks, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 12 (2) (2012) 156–162.
  • [20] Q. Yunlian, D. Ju, H. Quan, Z. Liying, Electron beam welding, laser beam welding and gas tungsten arc welding of titanium sheets, Materials Science and Engineering A280 (2000) 177–181.
  • [21] P. Lacki, K. Adamus, Numerical simulation of the EBW process, Computers & Structures 89 (2011) 977–985.
  • [22] P. Lacki, K. Adamus, Numerical simulation of welding thin titanium sheets, Key Engineering Materials 549 (2013) 407–414.
  • [23] P. Lacki, K. Adamus, K. Wojsyk, M. Zawadzki, Numerical simulation of electron beam welding process of Inconel 706 sheets, Key Engineering Materials 473 (2011) 540–547.
  • [24] P. Lacki, K. Adamus, K. Wojsyk, M. Zawadzki, Z. Nitkiewicz, Modeling of heat source based on parameters of electron beam welding process, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 56 (2) (2011) 455–462.
  • [25] P. Lacki, J. Adamus, W. Więckowski, J. Winowiecka, Evaluation of drawability of titanium welded sheets, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58 (1) (2013) 139–143.
  • [26] J. Adamus, Stamping of the titanium sheets, Key Engineering Materials 410–411 (2009) 279–288.
  • [27] J. Adamus, Theoretical and experimental analysis of the sheet-titanium forming process, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 54 (3) (2009) 705–709.
  • [28] J. Adamus, P. Lacki, Investigation of sheet-titanium forming with flexible tool – experiment and simulation, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 57 (4) (2012) 1247–1252.
  • [29] J. Adamus, P. Lacki, Possibility of the increase in titanium sheets' drawability, Key Engineering Materials 549 (2013) 31–38.
  • [30] E. Ceretti, A. Fiorentino, G.P. Marenda, M. Cabrini, C. Giardini, S. Lorenzi, T. Pastore, Cold and warm formability of titanium sheets, Metallurgia Italiana 104 (10) (2012) 29–36.
  • [31] M. Motyka, J. Sieniawski, The influence of initial plastic deformation on microstructure and hot plasticity of a + b titanium alloys, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 41 (2) (2010) 95–103.
  • [32] H. Yang, X.G. Fan, Z.C. Sun, L.G. Guo, M. Zhan, Recent developments in plastic forming technology of titanium alloys, Science China Technological Sciences 54 (2) (2011) 490–501.
  • [33] C.P. Lai, L.C. Chan, C.L. Chow, Effects of tooling temperatures on formability of titanium tailor-welded blanks at elevated temperatures, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 191 (2007) 157–160.
  • [34] J. Winowiecka, W. Więckowski, M. Zawadzki, Evaluation of drawability of tailor-welded blanks made of titanium alloys Grade 2jjGrade 5, Computational Materials Science 77 (2013) 108–113.
  • [35] K. Adamus, Z. Kucharczyk, K. Wojsyk, K. Kudla, Numerical analysis of electron beam welding of different grade titanium sheets, Computational Materials Science 77 (2013) 286–294.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-fbd0e2d2-77bf-45cf-a656-8d454b670b9a
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