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Measurement of Exhaust Emissions from a Two-Wheeler – an Experimental Validation of the Remote-Sensing Method

Treść / Zawartość
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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The paper presents the problem of testing vehicles, which are some of the main sources of air pollution. The authors suggested the remote-sensing method as a tool for the measurement of the vehicle exhaust emissions and an on-going control thereof. This is an economical solution that allows measuring a large number of vehicles in a short time. The presented work aims at an experimental validation of the measurement method of exhaust emissions on the example of a two-wheeler. To that end, two parallel laboratory tests were carried out: measurement of the exhaust emissions obtained directly from the tailpipe using the PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System) equipment and from the exhaust cloud, utilizing a module emission gate. A significant mutual correlation of the results confirms the efficiency of the method. The highest value of the coefficient of determination was obtained for the CO2, PM and NO analyzers. Different orders of values were primarily caused by the dissipation of the exhaust gas and the influence of the ambient conditions on the measurement process. Further works are therefore necessary to allow an assessment of the actual measurement uncertainty of the equipment irrespective ofthe fueling system and type of vehicles.
Rocznik
Strony
60--71
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Institute of Combustion Engines and Powertrain, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, pl. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
autor
  • Institute of Combustion Engines and Powertrain, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, pl. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
  • Institute of Combustion Engines and Powertrain, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, pl. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
  • Institute of Combustion Engines and Powertrain, Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, pl. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
  • Department of Automotive Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, ul. Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Agarwal, A.K., Mustafi, N.N., 2021. Real-world automotive emissions: Monitoring methodologies, and control measures. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 137, #110624.
  • 2. Bajerlein, M., Rymaniak, L., 2014. The Reduction of Fuel Consumption on the Example of Ecological Hybrid Buses. Applied Mechanics and Materials 518, 96–101.
  • 3. Bajerlein, M, Rymaniak, L., Swiatek, P., Ziolkowski, A., Daszkiewicz, P., Dobrzynski, M., 2014. Modification of a Hybrid City Bus Powertrain in the Aspect of Lower Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emissions, in: Jin, T. (Ed.), Presented at the Experimental and Applied Mechanics, 108–113.
  • 4. Banasiewicz, A., Janicka, A., Michalak, A., Wlostowski, R., 2022. Photocatalysis as a method for reduction of ambient NOx in deep underground mines. Measurement 200.
  • 5. Basińska, M., Ratajczak, K., Michałkiewicz, M., Fuć, P., Siedlecki, M., 2021. The Way of Usage and Location in a Big City Agglomeration as Impact Factors of the Nurseries Indoor Air Quality. Energies, 14.
  • 6. Bernard, Y., German, J., Muncrief, R., 2019. Worldwide use of remote sensing to measure motor vehicle emissions. ICCT.
  • 7. Borken-Kleefeld, J., Dallmann, T., 2018. Remote sensing of motor vehicle exhaust emissions. The International Council on Clean Transportation.
  • 8. Cieslik, W., Antczak, W., 2023. Research of Load Impact on Energy Consumption in an Electric Delivery Vehicle Based on Real Driving Conditions: Guidance for Electrification of Light-Duty Vehicle Fleet. Energies, 16.
  • 9. Caban, J., Droździel, P., 2020. Traffic congestion in chosen cities of Poland. Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport/Politechnika Śląska.
  • 10. Dallmann, T., Bernard, Y., Tietge, U., Muncrief, R., 2019. Remote sensing of motor vehicle emissions in Paris. The Real Urban Emissions Initiative: London, UK.
  • 11. Dallmann, T., Bernard, Y., Tietge, U., Muncrief, R., 2018. Remote sensing of motor vehicle emissions in London. ICCT Report.
  • 12. Davison, J., Bernard, Y., Borken-Kleefeld, J., Farren, N.J., Hausberger, S., Sjödin, Å., Tate, J.E., Vaughan, A.R., Carslaw, D.C., 2020. Distance-based emission factors from vehicle emission remote sensing measurements. Science of The Total Environment 739, #139688.
  • 13. Fuć, P., Lijewski, P., Siedlecki, M., Sokolnicka, B., Szymlet, N., 2018. Analysis of particle mass and number emission from an SI engine with direct fuel injection and a particulate filter. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 421, 042019.
  • 14. Fuc, P., Lijewski, P., Ziolkowski, A., Dobrzyński, M., 2017. Dynamic Test Bed Analysis of Gas Energy Balance for a Diesel Exhaust System Fit with a Thermoelectric Generator. Journal of Electronic Materials 46, 3145–3155.
  • 15. Huang, Y., Ng, E.C.Y., Surawski, N.C., Yam, Y.-S., Mok, W.-C., Liu, C.-H., Zhou, J.L., Organ, B., Chan, E.F.C., 2020. Large eddy simulation of vehicle emissions dispersion: Implications for on-road remote sensing measurements. Environmental Pollution 259, #113974.
  • 16. Huang, Y., Organ, B., Zhou, J.L., Surawski, N.C., Hong, G., Chan, E.F.C., Yam, Y.S., 2018. Remote sensing of on-road vehicle emissions: Mechanism, applications and a case study from Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment 182, 58–74.
  • 17. Kamińska, M., Kołodziejek, D., Szymlet, N., Fuć, P., Grzeszczyk, R., 2022. Measurement of rail vehicles exhaust emissions. Combustion Engines, 61.
  • 18. Kamińska, M., Rymaniak, Ł., Daszkiewicz, P., Lijewski, P., 2019. Test guidelines for evaluation real driving emission two-way vehicles. MATEC Web Conf., 294.
  • 19. Kamińska, M., Rymaniak, Ł., Lijewski, P., Szymlet, N., Daszkiewicz, P., Grzeszczyk, R., 2021. Investigations of Exhaust Emissions from Rail Machinery during Track Maintenance Operations. Energies, 14.
  • 20. Kęska, A., 2023. The Actual Toxicity of Engine Exhaust Gases Emitted from Vehicles: The Development and Perspectives of Biological and Chemical Measurement Methods. ACS Omega 8, 24718–24726.
  • 21. Kęska, A., 2022. Analiza i ocena składu toksycznych grup związków emitowanych w spalinach pojazdów zgodnych z normą Euro 6. Przemysł Chemiczny 101, 606–610.
  • 22. Kęska, A., Janicka, A., Zawiślak, M., Molska, J., Włostowski, R., Włóka, A., Świeściak, J., Ostrowski, K., 2022. Assessment of the actual toxicity of engine exhaust gas emissions from Euro 3 and Euro 6 compliant vehicles with the BAT-CELL method using in vitro tests. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19.
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  • 24. Merkisz, J., Lijewski, P., Fuc, P., Siedlecki, M., Ziolkowski, A., 2016. Development of the methodology of exhaust emissions measurement under RDE (Real Driving Emissions) conditions for non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) vehicles. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 148, #012077.
  • 25. Ropkins, K., DeFries, T.H., Pope, F., Green, D.C., Kemper, J., Kishan, S., Fuller, G.W., Li, H., Sidebottom, J., Hager, J.S., 2017. Some Observations Based on Complementary International Evaluations of Edar Vehicle Emissions Remote Sensing Technology.
  • 26. Rymaniak, Ł., Kamińska, M., Szymlet, N., Grzeszczyk, R., 2021. Analysis of Harmful Exhaust Gas Concentrations in Cloud behind a Vehicle with a Spark Ignition Engine. Energies, 14.
  • 27. Rymaniak, L., Ziolkowski, A., Gallas, D., 2017. Particle number and particulate mass emissions of heavy duty vehicles in real operating conditions. MATEC Web Conf. 118.
  • 28. Šarkan, B., Kuranc, A., Sejkorova, M., Caban, J., Loman, M., 2022. Porównanie emisji spalin z silników pojazdów ciężarowych zasilanych olejem napędowym (ON) oraz gazem ziemnym (LNG) w warunkach rzeczywistej eksploatacji. Przemysł Chemiczny, 101, 37–41.
  • 29. Szymlet, N., Lijewski, P., Sokolnicka, B., Siedlecki, M., Domowicz, A., 2020. Analysis of Research Method, Results and Regulations Regarding the Exhaust Emissions from Two-Wheeled Vehicles under Actual Operating Conditions. J. Ecol. Eng., 21, 128–139.
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Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-f9c49b17-b16e-4518-9863-aaa5fdfaa81c
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