Record of earthquake phenomena in a Lower-Middle Triassic sedimentary basin (North Sudetic Synclinorium, Lower Silesia, SW Poland)

• Autorzy: Durkowski Karol
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Deposits of the Röt Formation (Lower–Middle Triassic) in the eastern part of the North-Sudetic Synclinorium (Bolesławiec Syncline), SW Poland, include numerous synsedimentary deformation structures. Six boreholes with a total core length of ~434 m enabled macroscopic analysis and description of these deformation structures, supplemented by borehole log interpretation, calcimetric analysis, and interpretation of 2D surface seismics. An interval up to ~42 m-thick at the base of the Röt Formation showed both brittle and soft-sediment deformation structures. Their abundance and intensity decrease towards the top of the Röt Formation, and they completely disappear in the Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic). Both the number of boreholes and their locations indicate the presence of such structures across the entire study area. The occurrence of deformation structures in each borehole analysed and their large lateral range suggest that the uppermost part of the Lower Triassic and lowermost part of the Middle Triassic in the study area were influenced by seismic activity. As a result, tectonic reorganization of the study area is inferred for the latest Early/earliest Middle Triassic.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

seismites; tectonic activity; brittle deformation; soft sediment deformation structures; boreholes

• Wydawca: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Geological Quarterly
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 66, No. 4
• Strony: art. no. 38
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 95 poz., fot., rys., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Durkowski Karol

• KGHM Cuprum Research & Development Centre, gen. Wł. Sikorskiego 2–8, 53-659 Wrocław, Poland
• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics, and Environmental Protection, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Alfaro, P., Gibert, L., Moretti, M., García-Tortosa, F.J., Sanz de Galdeano, C., Jesús Galindo-Zaldívar, J., Lopez- Garrido, A.C., 2010. The significance of giant seismites in the Plio-Pleistocene Baza palaeo-lake (S Spain). Terra Nova, 22:172-179.
• 2. Allen, J.R.L., 1982. Sedimentary Structures: their Character and Physical Basis. Developments in Sedimentology, 30 (Part B).
• 3. Allen, J.R.L., 1986. Earthquake magnitude-frequency epicentral distance and soft-sediment deformation in sedimentary basins. Sedimentary Geology, 46: 67-75.
• 4. Allen, J.R.L., Banks, N.L., 1972. An interpretation and analysis of recumbent-folded deformed cross-bedding. Sedimentology, 19: 257-283.
• 5. Amit, R., Harrison, J.B.J., Enzel, Y., 1995. Use of soils and colluvial deposits in analyzing tectonic events - the southern Arava valley, Israel. Geomorphology, 12: 91-107.
• 6. Anketell, J.M., Cegła, J., Dżułyński, S., 1970. On the deformational structures in systems with reversed density gradients. Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego, 40: 1-30.
• 7. Assmann, P., 1944. Die Stratigraphie der oberschlesischen Trias. Teil II - der Muschelkalk. Abhandlungen des Reichsamts für Bodenforschung, 208: 1-124.
• 8. Bąbel, M., 1991. Dissolution of halite within the Middle Miocene (Badenian) laminated gypsum of southern Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 41: 165-182.
• 9. Bachmann, G.H., Geluk M.C., Warrington, G., Becker-Roman, A., Beutler, G., Hagdorn, H., Hounslow, M.W., Nitsch, E., Röhling, H.-G., Simon, T., Szulc, A., 2010. Triassic. In: Petroleum Geological Atlas of the Southern Permian Basin Area (eds. J.C. Doornenbal and A.G. Stevenson): 149-173. EAGE Publications b.v., Houten.
• 10. Bałazińska, J., Bossowski, A., 1979. Internal geological structure of the central and western part of the North-Sudetic Synclinorium in light of new data (in Polish with English summary). Geological Quarterly, 23: 309-322.
• 11. Beales, F.W., Hardy, J.L., 1980. Criteria for recognition of diverse dolomite types with an emphasis on studies on host rocks Mississippi Valley-type ore deposits. SEPM Special Publication, 28: 197-213.
• 12. Belzyt, S., Pisarska-Jamroży, M., 2017. How to study seismites? A review of research methods (in Polish with English summary), Acta Geographica Lodziensia, 106: 171-180.
• 13. Casagrande, A., 1976. Liquefaction and cyclic deformation of sands: a critical review. Harvard Soil Mechanics Series, 88: 1-26.
• 14. Chrząstek, A., 2002. Stratigraphy and sedimentary conditions of the Röt and Lower Muschelkalk in the North Sudetic Basin (in Polish with English summary). Prace Geologiczno-Mineralogiczne, 73: 1-178.
• 15. Chrząstek, A., Wojewoda, J., 2011. Mesozoic of SW Poland (North Sudetic Synclinorium) (in Polish with English summary). Mezozoik i Kenozoik Dolnego Śląska LXXXI Zjazdu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego, Wyd. Wind, Wrocław.
• 16. Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L., Fan, J.-X., 2013. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes, 36: 199-204.
• 17. Collinson, J.D., Mountney, N. & Thompson, D., 2006. Sedimentary Structures. Terra Publishing, London: 1-292.
• 18. Cymerman, A., 1998. Młodoalpejskie fałdy w depresji północnosudeckiej: przykłady z wapienia muszlowego z Raciborowic (in Polish). Przegląd Geologiczny, 46: 348-354.
• 19. Dadlez, R., Marek, S., Pokorski, J., Buła, Z., 2000. Geological map of Poland without Cainozoic deposits 1:1 000 000. Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny.
• 20. Dezes, P., Schmid, S.M., Ziegler, P.A., 2004. Evolution of the European Cenozoic Rift System: interaction of the Alpine and Pyrenean orogens with their foreland lithosphere. Tectonophysics, 389: 1-33.
• 21. Durkowski, K., Sokalski, D., Wojewoda, J., 2017. Pre- and post-consolidated sediment deformations in the Transitional Terrigeneous Series PZt (Zechstein/Lower Buntsandstein) in the Grodziec Syncline, Sudetes: process interpretation and regional implications (in Polish with English summary). Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, 469: 155-176.
• 22. Fijałkowska-Mader, A., Durkowski, D., Sokalski, A., 2018. Palynological and lithofacial implications for Zechstein stratigraphy in the marginal part of the North-Sudetic Synclinorium (Lower Silesia, southwestern Poland). Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften, 169: 495-515.
• 23. Folk, R.L., 1959. Practical petrographic classification of limestones. AAPG Bulletin, 43: 1-38.
• 24. Fossen, H., 2010. Structural Geology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• 25. Friedman, G. M., 1997. Dissolution-collapse breccias and paleokarst resulting from dissolution of evaporite rocks, especialy sulfates. Carbonates and Evaporites, 12: 53-63.
• 26. Głuszyński, A., Aleksandrowski, P., 2021. Late Cretaceous - Early Palaeogene inversion-related tectonic structures at the NE margin of the Bohemian Massif (SW Poland and northern Czechia). Solid Earth Discuss.
• 27. Głuszyński, A., Bobek, K., Roman, M., 2019. Reinterpretacja danych sejsmicznych 2D oraz model rozwoju strukturalnego w rejonie synkliny Bolesławca (synklinorium północnosudeckie) (in Polish). W ramach projektu statutowego nr M/18/0007: „Odtworzenie układu naprężeń i rozwoju strukturalnego synklinorium północnosudeckiego w okresie perm-kreda”. Archiwum KGHM Cuprum CB-R Sp. z o.o.: 68-79.
• 28. Gradziński, R., Kostecka, A., Radomski, A., Unrug, R., 1986. Zarys sedymentologii (in Polish). Wyd. Geol., Warszawa.
• 29. Haakon, F., 2010. Structural Geology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• 30. Hampton, M.A., Lee, H.J., Locat, J., 1996. Submarine landslides. Reviews of Geophysics, 34: 33-59.
• 31. Hielscher, P., Hartsch, J., 2010. 3D Modelling of the Kupferschiefer area in Poland and Germany. Presentation on the Malta Workshop of the ProMine research project, EC 7th Frame Programme, CP-ProMine FP7-NMP-2008-LARGE-2
• 32. Kämpf, H., Bankwitz, P., Strauch, G., Stiehl, G., Geisler, M., Gerstenberger, H., Haase, G., Klemm, W., Thomas, R., Vogler, P., 1985. Local and regional processes and zoning in a hydrothermal Late Variscan vein mineralization from the southern part of the G.D.R. Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik, Leipzig, 94: 426-434.
• 33. Kastens, K.A., 1984. Earthquakes as a triggering mechanism for debris flows and turbidites on the Calabrian Ridge. Marine Geology, 55: 13-33.
• 34. Kirkland, D.W., Anderson, R.Y., 1970. Microfolding in the Castile and Todilto Evaporites, Texas and New Mexico. GSA Bulletin, 81: 3259-3282.
• 35. Kirkland, D.W., Denison, R.E., Dean, W.E., 2000. Parent brine of the Castile Evaporites (Upper Permian), Texas and New Mexico. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 70: 749-761.
• 36. Kowalski, A., Durkowski, K., Raczyński, P., 2018. Zechstein marine deposits in the Wleń Graben (North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland) - new insights into the paleogeography of the southern part of the Polish Zechstein Basin. Annales Societetatis Geologorum Poloniae, 88: 321-339.
• 37. Krasoń, J., 1967. Permian of the Bolesławiec Syncline (in Polish with English summary). Prace Wrocławskiego Towarzystwa Naukowego, 137: 1-154.
• 38. Kuenen, P.H., 1965. Value of experiments in geology. Geologie en Mijnbouw, 44: 22-36.
• 39. Labaume, P., Carrio-Schaffhauser, E., Gamond, J.-F., Renard, F., 2004. Deformation mechanisms and fluid-driven mass transfers in the recent fault zones of the Corinth Rift (Grece). C. R. Geoscience, 336: 375-383.
• 40. Leeder, M.R., 1999. Sedimentology and Sedi mentary Basins:from Turbulence to Tectonics. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
• 41. Leśniak, T., 1978. Profil litostratygraficzny utworów retu i wapienia muszlowego w depresji północnosudeckiej (in Polish). Geologia, Zeszyty Naukowe AGH, 4: 6-26.
• 42. Leśniak, T.C., 1979. Tectonics of the area between Raciborowice and Łaziska in north-eastern part of the North-Sudetic Depression (in Polish with English summary). Geologia, Zeszyty Naukowe AGH, 4: 29-43.
• 43. Lowe, D.R., 1975. Water escape structures in coarse-grained deposits. Sedimentology, 22: 157-204.
• 44. Maltman, A., 1984. On the term soft-sediment deformation. Journal of Structural Geology, 6: 589-592.
• 45. Maltman, A.J., 1994b. Introduction and overview. In: The Geological Deformation of Sediments (ed. A.J. Maltman): 1-35. Chapman & Hall, London.
• 46. Masson, D.G., Harbitz, C.B., Wynn, R.B., Pedersen, G., Lvholt, F., 2006. Submarine landslides: processes, triggers and hazard prediction. Philosophical Trans actions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 364: 2009-2039.
• 47. Matysik, M., Szulc, J., 2019. Shallow-marine carbonate sedimentation in a tectonically mobile basin, the Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic) of Upper Silesia (southern Poland). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 107: 99-115.
• 48. Matyszkiewicz, J., Krajewski, M., Kochman, A., Kozłowski, A., Duliński, M., 2016. Oxfordian neptunian dykes with brachiopods from the southern part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland (southern Poland) and their links to hydrothermal vents. Facies, 62: 1-28.
• 49. McCalpin, J.P., Nelson, A.R., 2009. Introduction to Paleoseismology. In: Paleoseismology (ed. J.P. McCalpin): 1-25. Elsevier, New York.
• 50. Milewicz, J., 1962. Uwagi o recie południowej części niecki północnosudeckiej (in Polish). Przegląd Geologiczny, 7: 364-365.
• 51. Milewicz, J., 1968. The geologi cal structure of the North-Sudetic Depression (in Polish with English summary). BiuIetyn Instytutu Geologicznego, 227: 5-27.
• 52. Milewicz, J., 1971. Relation between the North-Sudetic and East-Brandenburg Cretaceous formations (in Polish with English summary). Geological Quarterly, 15: 122-136.
• 53. Milewicz, J., 1976. Rotliegendes in the vicinity of the Fore-Sudetic Block (in Polish with English summary). Geological Quarterly, 20: 81-95.
• 54. Milewicz, J., 1977. A contribution to understanding the tectonic structure of the NW part of the North Sudetic Synclinorium (in Polish with English summary). Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis, Prace Geologiczno-Mineralogiczne VI, 378: 75-85.
• 55. Milewicz, J., 1985. Proposal of a formal stratigraphic scheme for deposits infilling the North Sudetic Basin (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 33: 390-392.
• 56. Miluk, A., Pałetko, G., Sito, Ł., Targosz, P., 2016: Dokumentacja z prac geofizycznych metodą sejsmiki refleksyjnej 2D w ramach tematu „Kompleksowa obsługa geologiczna projektów Synklina Grodziecka i Konrad” (in Polish). Kraków.
• 57. Moretti, M., Van Loon, A.J., 2014. Restrictions to the application of “diagnostic” criteria for recognizing ancient seismites. Journal of Palaeogeography, 3: 162-173.
• 58. Morrow, D.W., 1982. Descriptive field classification of sedimentary and diagenetic breccia fabrics in carbonate rocks. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 30: 227-229.
• 59. Mroczkowski, J., 1972. Sedimentation of the Bunter in the North-Sudetic Basin (in Polish with English summary). Acta Geologica Polonica, 22: 351-377.
• 60. Narkiewicz, K., Szulc, J., 2004. Controls on migration of conodont fauna in peripheral oceanic areas. An example from the Middle Triassic of the Northern Peri-Tethys. Geobios, 37: 425-436.
• 61. Oberc, J., 1972. Budowa geologiczna Polski - Sudety i obszary przyległe (in Polish). Instytut Geologiczny. Budowa Geologiczna Polski, IV (2).
• 62. Owen, G., Moretti, M., 2008. Determining the origin of soft-sediment deformation structures: a case study from Upper Carboniferous delta deposits in south-west Wales, UK. Terra Nova, 20: 237-245.
• 63. Papadopoulos, G.A., Lefkopoulos, G., 1993. Magnitude-distance relation for liquefaction in soil from earthquakes. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 83: 925-938.
• 64. Peel, F.J., 2014. The engines of gravity-driven movement on passive margins: quantifying the relative contribution of spreading vs. gravity sliding mechanisms. Tectonophysics, 633: 126-142.
• 65. Petrovic, A., Aigner, T., 2017. Are shoal reservoirs discrete bodies? A coquina shoal outcrop analogue from the mid Triassic Upper Muschelkalk, SW Germany. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 40: 249-275.
• 66. Potter, P.E., Pettijohn, F.J., 1963. Palaeocurrents and Basin Analysis. Springer.
• 67. Raczyński, P., Kurowski, L., Mastalerz, K., 1998. Litostratygrafia i ewolucja basenu północnosudeckiego na przełomie paleozoiku i mezozoiku (in Pol ish). Ekologiczne Aspekty Sedymentologii, 1: 75-100. WIND - J. Wojewoda, Wrocław.
• 68. Rodríguez-Lopez, J.P., Meléndez, N., Soria, A.R., Liesa, C.L., Van Loon, A.J., 2007. Lateral variability of ancient seismites related to differences in sedimentary facies (the syn-rift Escucha Formation, Mid-Cretaceous, Spain). Sedimentary Geology, 201: 461-484.
• 69. Rupke, N.A., 1978: Deep clastic seas. In: Sedimentary Environments and Facies (ed. H.G. Reading): 372-415. Blackwell, Oxford.
• 70. Scupin, H., 1933: Der Buntsandstein der Nordsudeten. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 85: 161-189.
• 71. Seilacher, A., 1969. Fault-graded beds interpreted as seismites. Sedimentology, 13: 155-159.
• 72. Seilacher, A., 1984. Sedimentary structures tentatively attributed to seismic events. Marine Geology, 55: 1-12.
• 73. Senkowiczowa, H., 1992. Boundary between the upper Buntsandstein - Roeth and Muschelkalk in SW Poland (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 40: 305-308.
• 74. Shanmugam, G., 2016. The seismite problem. Journal of Palaeogeography, 5: 318-362.
• 75. Sibson, R.H., Mcmoore, J.M., Rankin, A.H., 1975. Seismic pumping - a hydrothermal fluid transport mechanism. Journal of the Geological Society, 131: 653-659.
• 76. Śliwiński, W., Raczyński, P., Wojewoda, J., 2003. Sedymentacja utworów epiwaryscyjskiej pokrywy osadowej w basenie północnosudeckim (in Polish). Przewodnik LXXIV Zjazdu PTG. Wycieczka 1: 10-17.
• 77. Sloss, L.L., Krumbein, W.C., Dapples, E.C., 1949. Sedimentary facies in geologic history. Integrated facies analysis. GSAMem - oir,39: 91-123.
• 78. Smart, P.L., Palmer, R.J., Whitaker, F., Wright, V.P., 1988. Neptunian dikes and fissure fills: an overview and account of some modern examples. In: Paleokarst (eds. N.P. James and P.W. Choquette): 149-163. Springer.
• 79. Sokołowski, J., 1967. Geological and structural characteristics of the Fore-Sudetic area (in Polish with English summary). Geologia Sudetica, 3: 297-357.
• 80. Solecki, A., 1994. Tectonics of the North Sudetic Synclinorium. Acta Universitatis WratisIaviensis (1618), Prace Geologiczno-Mineralogiczne, 45: 1-60.
• 81. Solecki, A.T., 2011. Stuctural evolution of the epi-Variscan platform cover in the North Sudetic Synclinorium (in Polish with English summary). LXXXI Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego: Mezozoik i Kenozoik Dolnego Śląska - Żagań: 1-10.
• 82. Stanton, T.J.J., 1966. The solution brecciation process. GSA Bulletin, 77: 843-848.
• 83. Szulc, J., 2000. Middle Triassic evolution of the northern Peri-Tethys area as influenced by early opening of the Tethys Ocean. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 70: 1-48.
• 84. Szulc, J., Becker, A., Mader, A., 2015. Permitrias - nowe otwarcie w historii Gór Świętokrzyskich (in Polish). LXXXIV Zjazd Naukowy Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego, Chęciny, Ekstensja i inwersja powaryscyjskich basenów sedymentacyjnych. Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny, Warszawa: 11-27.
• 85. Szyperko-Teller, A., Moryc, A., 1988. Evolution of the Buntsandstein sedimentary basin in Poland (in Polish with English summary). Geological Quarterly, 32: 53-72.
• 86. Van der Pluijm, B.A., Marshak, S., 2004. Earth Structure: An Introduction to Structural Geology and Tectonics. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
• 87. Waldron, J.W.F., Gagnon, J.-F., 2011. Recognizing soft-sediment structures in deformed rocks of orogens. Journal of Structural Geology, 33: 271-279.
• 88. Wallace, R., 1984. Fault scarps formed during the earthquakes of October 2, 1915, Pleasant Valley, Nevada, and some tectonic implications. U.S.G.S. Professional Paper, 1274-A.
• 89. Wojewoda, J., 1987. Seismotectonic deposits and structures in the Cretaceous sandstones of the intra-sudetic basin (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 35: 169-175.
• 90. Wojewoda, J., 2008. Diffusional cells - an example of differentiated rheological reaction of granular sediment to seismic shock (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 56: 842-847.
• 91. Wojewoda, J., Burliga, S., 2008. Clastic dykes and seismotectonic breccia in Permian deposits of the Nachod Basin (Middle Sudetes) (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 56: 857-862.
• 92. Wojewoda, J., Mastalerz, K., 1989. Climate evolution, allocyclic and autocyclic sedimentation on the side of the Upper Carboniferous and Permian continental sediments in the Sudetes (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 37: 173-180.
• 93. Wojewoda, J., Rauch, M., Kowalski, A., 2016. Synsedimentary seismotectonic features in Triassic and Cretaceous sediments of the Intrasudetic Basin (U Deveti krížů locality) - regional implications. Geological Quarterly, 60: 355-364.
• 94. Żelaźniewicz, A., Aleksandrowski, P., 2008: Tectonic subdivision of Poland: southwestern Poland (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 56: 904-911.
• 95. Żelaźniewicz, A., Aleksandrowski, P., Buła, Z., Karnkowski, P., H., Konon, A., Oszczypko, N., Ślączka, A., Żaba, J., Żytko, K., 2011. Regionalizacja geologiczna Polski (in Polish). Komitet Nauk Geologicznych PAN, Wrocław, 60: 1-62.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).