Recent developments in pullout behaviors and tensile properties of ultra-high-performance concrete reinforced with steel fiber

• Autorzy: Wu Hansong , Zang Zhishu , Deng Shiyi , Shen Aiqin , Cai Yanxia , Ren Guiping , Pan Hongmei

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1007/s43452-023-00761-0

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has gained significant attention as a construction material owing to its exceptional mechanical properties and durability. Steel fibers are widely utilized as a reinforcement material for UHPC. Achieving excellent bond and tensile performances is considered to be a predominant issue for the utilization of steel fiber reinforcement. This comprehensive review presents recent research progress on the bond and tensile properties of steel-fiber-reinforced UHPC. First, an overview of the experimental methods for evaluating pullout and tensile performance is provided. Subsequently, the factors influencing these properties are discussed in detail. The review then comprehensively examines several analytical models for steel-fiber-reinforced UHPC, ranging from traditional approaches to innovative methods such as artificial neural network models, genetic algorithms, deep learning methods, inverse analysis, and micromechanical damage models. Furthermore, the correlations between pullout behavior, tensile performance, and flexural strength are explored in detail. Finally, the review addresses essential considerations and summarizes various modification techniques for improving the pullout and tensile performances, including physical and chemical methods of modifying the steel fiber surface and UHPC matrix. This review serves as a valuable reference for researchers and engineers in relevant fields, promoting further research and application of steel fiber-reinforced UHPC.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ultra-high-performance concrete; steel fiber; pullout; tensile properties; analytical model; modification

PL

beton o dużej wytrzymałości; włókno stalowe; właściwości rozciągające; model analityczny; modyfikacja

• Wydawca: Springer ; Wrocław University of Science and Technology
• Czasopismo: Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 23, no. 3
• Strony: art. no. e216, 2023
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 118 poz., rys., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Wu Hansong

• School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China

autor

Zang Zhishu

• China Highway Engineering Consulting Corporation, Beijing 100097, China

autor

Deng Shiyi

• School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China

autor

Shen Aiqin

• School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China

autor

Cai Yanxia

• Beijing Zhonglu Gaoke Highway Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
• Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of New Materials, Technologies Application for Highway Construction and Maintenance, Beijing 100088, China
• Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China

autor

Ren Guiping

• School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China

autor

Pan Hongmei

• School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China

Bibliografia

• 1. Yoo D-Y, Park J-J, Kim S-W. Fiber pullout behavior of HPFRCC: effects of matrix strength and fiber type. Compos Struct. 2017;174:263–76.
• 2. Davolio M, Al-Obaidi S, Altomare MY, Lo Monte F, Ferrara L. A methodology to assess the evolution of mechanical performance of UHPC as affected by autogenous healing under sustained loadings and aggressive exposure conditions. Cem Concr Compos. 2023;139: 105058.
• 3. Yu Z, Wu L, Yuan Z, Zhang C, Bangi T. Mechanical properties, durability and application of ultra-high-performance concrete containing coarse aggregate (UHPC-CA): a review. Constr Build Mater. 2022;334: 127360.
• 4. Li Y, Pimienta P, Pinoteau N, Tan KH. Effect of aggregate size and inclusion of polypropylene and steel fibers on explosive spalling and pore pressure in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) at elevated temperature. Cem Concr Compos. 2019;99:62–71.
• 5. Xu S, Yuan P, Liu J, Yu X, Hao Y, Hu F, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of G-UHPC based novel multi-layer protective slabs under contact explosions. Eng Fail Anal. 2022;142: 106830.
• 6. Yoo D-Y, Yoon Y-S. A review on structural behavior, design, and application of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete. Int J Concr Struct Mater. 2016;10(2):125–42.
• 7. Zhao R, Zhao C, Yuan Y, Li F, Wang Y. Research progress on application of steel fiber in UHPC. China J Highw Transport. 2021;34(8):1–22.
• 8. Abbas S, Soliman AM, Nehdi ML. Exploring mechanical and durability properties of ultra-high performance concrete incorporating various steel fiber lengths and dosages. Constr Build Mater. 2015;75:429–41.
• 9. Habel K, Viviani M, Denarié E, Brühwiler E. Development of the mechanical properties of an ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). Cem Concr Res. 2006;36(7):1362–70.
• 10. Yoo D-Y, Yoon Y-S, Banthia N. Flexural response of steel-fiber-reinforced concrete beams: effects of strength, fiber content, and strain-rate. Cem Concr Compos. 2015;64:84–92.
• 11. Hassan AMT, Jones SW, Mahmud GH. Experimental test methods to determine the uniaxial tensile and compressive behaviour of ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). Constr Build Mater. 2012;37:874–82.
• 12. Li LG, Kwan AKH. Packing density of concrete mix under dry and wet conditions. Powder Technol. 2014;253:514–21.
• 13. Zhang H, Huang Y-J, Xu S-L, Hu X-J, Zheng Z-S. 3D cohesive fracture of heterogeneous CA-UHPC: a mesoscale investigation. Int J Mech Sci. 2023;249:108270.
• 14. Wu Z, Shi C, Khayat KH. Investigation of mechanical properties and shrinkage of ultra-high performance concrete: Influence of steel fiber content and shape. Compos B Eng. 2019;174: 107021.
• 15. Feng J, Sun WW, Wang XM, Shi XY. Mechanical analyses of hooked fiber pullout performance in ultra-high-performance concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2014;69:403–10.
• 16. Abdallah S, Fan M, Rees DWA. Bonding mechanisms and strength of steel fiber-reinforced cementitious composites: overview. J Mater Civ Eng. 2018;30(3).
• 17. Chanvillard G. Modeling the pullout of wire-drawn steel fibers. Cem Concr Res. 1999;29(7):1027–37.
• 18. Tai Y-S, El-Tawil S. High loading-rate pullout behavior of inclined deformed steel fibers embedded in ultra-high performance concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2017;148:204–18.
• 19. Zhang J, Li VC. Effect of inclination angle on fiber rupture load in fiber reinforced cementitious composites. Compos Sci Technol. 2002;62(6):775–81.
• 20. Wu K, Chen F, Chen CY, Zheng HM, Xu JN. Load-transfer mechanism and bond-stress components in steel and steel fiber-reinforced concrete structure. J Struct Eng. 2019;145(12).
• 21. Chen D, Noda N-A, Takaki R, Sano Y. Intensity of singular stress fields (ISSFs) in micro-bond test in comparison with ISSFs in pull-out test. Int J Mech Sci. 2020;183: 105817.
• 22. Ramirez FA, Carlsson LA. Modified single fiber fragmentation test procedure to study water degradation of the fiber/ matrix interface toughness of glass/vinylester. J Mater Sci. 2009;44(12):3035–42.
• 23. Prudencio L, Austin S, Jones P, Armelin H, Robins P. Prediction of steel fibre reinforced concrete under flexure from an inferred fibre pull-out response. Mater Struct. 2006;39(6):601–10.
• 24. Guo X, Li H, Wang S. Effects of pre-corroded steel fibers on mechanical properties and interface bond behavior of ultra-high performance concrete-normal concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2022;356: 129234.
• 25. Naik DL, Sharma A, Chada RR, Kiran R, Sirotiak T. Modified pullout test for indirect characterization of natural fiber and cementitious matrix interface properties. Constr Build Mater. 2019;208:381–93.
• 26. Yoo D-Y, Jang YS, Oh T, Banthia N. Use of engineered steel fibers as reinforcements in ultra-high-performance concrete considering corrosion effect. Cem Concr Compos. 2022;133: 104692.
• 27. Esmaeili J, Andalibi K, Gencel O, Maleki FK, Maleki VA. Pull-out and bond-slip performance of steel fibers with various ends shapes embedded in polymer-modified concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2021;271: 121531.
• 28. Abdallah S, Fan M, Rees DWA. Bonding mechanisms and strength of steel fiber reinforced cementitious composites: overview. J Mater Civ Eng. 2018;30(3):04018001.
• 29. Kerans RJ, Parthasarathy TA. Theoretical analysis of the fiber pullout and pushout tests. J Am Ceram Soc. 1991;74(7):1585–96.
• 30. Yoo D-Y, Kim S, Kim J-J, Chun B. An experimental study on pullout and tensile behavior of ultra-high-performance concrete reinforced with various steel fibers. Constr Build Mater. 2019;206:46–61.
• 31. Li M, Sun J, Li L, Meng L, Wang S, Wei J, et al. Effect of nanosilica on fiber pullout behavior and mechanical properties of strain hardening ultra-high performance concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2023;367: 130255.
• 32. Zhang R, Yan X, Guo L. Deep learning-based classification of damage-induced acoustic emission signals in UHPC. Constr Build Mater. 2022;356: 129285.
• 33. Teng L, Huang H, Khayat KH, Gao X. Simplified analytical model to assess key factors influenced by fiber alignment and their effect on tensile performance of UHPC. Cement Concr Compos. 2022;127: 104395.
• 34. Yoo D-Y, Jang YS, Chun B, Kim S. Chelate effect on fiber surface morphology and its benefits on pullout and tensile behaviors of ultra-high-performance concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2021;115: 103864.
• 35. Krahl PA, de Miranda Saleme Gidrão G, Neto RB, Carrazedo R. Effect of curing age on pullout behavior of aligned and inclined steel fibers embedded in UHPFRC. Constr Build Mater. 2021;266:121188.
• 36. Abdallah S, Fan M, Cashell KA. Bond-slip behaviour of steel fibres in concrete after exposure to elevated temperatures. Constr Build Mater. 2017;140:542–51.
• 37. Deng F, Ding X, Chi Y, Xu L, Wang L. The pull-out behavior of straight and hooked-end steel fiber from hybrid fiber reinforced cementitious composite: experimental study and analytical modelling. Compos Struct. 2018;206:693–712.
• 38. Niu Y, Wei J, Jiao C, Miao Q. A mesomechanics-based analysis on the flexural behavior of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with different steel fiber lengths. J Market Res. 2022;17:3066–79.
• 39. Robins P, Jones SA. Pull-out behaviour of hooked steel fibres. Mater Struct. 2002.
• 40. Rossi P. Influence of fibre geometry and matrix maturity on the mechanical performance of ultra high-performance cement-based composites. Cem Concr Compos. 2013;37:246–8.
• 41. Wille K, Naaman AE. Pullout behavior of high-strength steel fibers embedded in ultra-high-performance concrete. ACI Mater J. 2012;109(4):479–87.
• 42. Abdallah S, Fan M. Anchorage mechanisms of novel geometrical hooked-end steel fibres. Mater Struct. 2017;50(2):139.
• 43. Ju H, Kim KS, Lee DH, Hwang J-H, Choi S-H, Oh Y-H. Torsional responses of steel fiber-reinforced concrete members. Compos Struct. 2015;129:143–56.
• 44. Yoo D-Y, Kim S. Comparative pullout behavior of half-hooked and commercial steel fibers embedded in UHPC under static and impact loads. Cem Concr Compos. 2019;97:89–106.
• 45. Kim J-J, Yoo D-Y, Banthia N. Benefits of curvilinear straight steel fibers on the rate-dependent pullout resistance of ultra- high-performance concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2021;118: 103965.
• 46. Yoo D-Y, Chun B, Kim J-J. Bond performance of abraded archtype steel fibers in ultra-high-performance concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2020;109: 103538.
• 47. Won J-P, Lee J-H, Lee S-J. Predicting pull-out behaviour based on the bond mechanism of arch-type steel fibre in cementitious composite. Compos Struct. 2015;134:633–44.
• 48. Maya Duque LF, Graybeal B. Fiber orientation distribution and tensile mechanical response in UHPFRC. Mater Struct. 2016;50(1):55.
• 49. Zhang R, Yan X, Guo L. Pullout damage analysis of steel fiber with various inclination angles and interface states in UHPC through acoustic emission and microscopic observation. J Build Eng. 2022;51: 104271.
• 50. Niu Y, Wei J, Jiao C. Multiscale fiber bridging constitutive law based on meso-mechanics of ultra high-performance concrete under cyclic loading. Constr Build Mater. 2022;354: 129065.
• 51. Wu Z, Shi C, He W, Wang D. Static and dynamic compressive properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) with hybrid steel fiber reinforcements. Cem Concr Compos. 2017;79:148–57.
• 52. Wille K, Naaman AE. Pullout behavior of high-strength steel fibers embedded in ultra-high-perforrnance concrete. ACI Mater J. 2012;109(4):479–87.
• 53. Cao YYY, Yu QL, Brouwers HJH, Chen W. Predicting the rate effects on hooked-end fiber pullout performance from ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). Cem Concr Res. 2019;120:164–75.
• 54. Xu M, Hallinan B, Wille K. Effect of loading rates on pullout behavior of high strength steel fibers embedded in ultra-high performance concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2016;70:98–109.
• 55. Su Y, Li J, Wu C, Wu P, Li Z-X. Effects of steel fibres on dynamic strength of UHPC. Constr Build Mater. 2016;114:708–18.
• 56. Pyo S, Wille K, El-Tawil S, Naaman AE. Strain rate dependent properties of ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) under tension. Cem Concr Compos. 2015;56:15–24.
• 57. Wu Z, Khayat KH, Shi C. How do fiber shape and matrix composition affect fiber pullout behavior and flexural properties of UHPC? Cem Concr Compos. 2018;90:193–201.
• 58. Cao YYY, Yu QL. Effect of inclination angle on hooked end steel fiber pullout behavior in ultra-high performance concrete. Compos Struct. 2018;201:151–60.
• 59. Kim JJ, Kim DJ, Kang ST, Lee JH. Influence of sand to coarse aggregate ratio on the interfacial bond strength of steel fibers in concrete for nuclear power plant. Nucl Eng Des. 2012;252:1–10.
• 60. Abdul-Razzak AA, Mohammed Ali AA. Influence of cracked concrete models on the nonlinear analysis of high strength steel fibre reinforced concrete corbels. Compos Struct. 2011;93(9):2277–87.
• 61. Bendtsen B, Sanjayan JG. Assessment of shear capacity methods of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams using full scale prestressed bridge beams. Mater Struct. 2015;48(11):3473–83.
• 62. Banthia N, Trottier J-F. Deformed steel fiber-cementitious matrix bond under impact. Cem Concr Res. 1991;21(1):158–68.
• 63. Xia M, Hamada H, Maekawa Z. Flexural stiffness of injection molded glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics. 1995;10(1):74–81.
• 64. Zhang D, Tan KH. Fire performance of ultra-high performance concrete: effect of fine aggregate size and fibers. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2022;22(3):116.
• 65. Abdallah S, Fan M, Cashell KA. Pull-out behaviour of straight and hooked-end steel fibres under elevated temperatures. Cem Concr Res. 2017;95:132–40.
• 66. Zhang D, Tan GY, Tan KH. Combined effect of flax fibers and steel fibers on spalling resistance of ultra-high performance concrete at high temperature. Cem Concr Compos. 2021;121: 104067.
• 67. Serafini R, Agra RR, Bitencourt LAG, de la Fuente A, de Figueiredo AD. Bond-slip response of steel fibers after exposure to elevated temperatures: experimental program and design-oriented constitutive equation. Compos Struct. 2021;255: 112916.
• 68. Silva FDA, Butler M, Hempel S, Toledo Filho RD, Mechtcherine V. Effects of elevated temperatures on the interface properties of carbon textile-reinforced concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2014;48:26–34.
• 69. Li X, Bao Y, Xue N, Chen G. Bond strength of steel bars embedded in high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite before and after exposure to elevated temperatures. Fire Saf J. 2017;92:98–106.
• 70. Li XD, Lu CD, Cui YF, Zhou LC, Zheng L. Bond behavior between high-strength rebar and steel-fiber-reinforced concrete under the influence of the fraction of steel fiber by volume and high temperature. Appl Sci Basel. 2023;13(4).
• 71. Yoo D-Y, Shin W. Improvement of fiber corrosion resistance of ultra-high-performance concrete by means of crack width control and repair. Cem Concr Compos. 2021;121: 104073.
• 72. Yoo D-Y, Gim JY, Chun B. Effects of rust layer and corrosion degree on the pullout behavior of steel fibers from ultra-high- performance concrete. J Mark Res. 2020;9(3):3632–48.
• 73. Yoo D-Y, Shin W, Banthia N. Corrosion of partially and fully debonded steel fibers from ultra-high-performance concrete and its influence on pullout resistance. Cem Concr Compos. 2021;124: 104269.
• 74. Shin W, Yoo D-Y. Influence of steel fibers corroded through multiple microcracks on the tensile behavior of ultra-high-performance concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2020;259: 120428.
• 75. Naaman A, Namur G, Alwan J, Najm H. Fiber pullout and bond slip. II: Experimental validation. J Struct Eng ASCE. 1991;117.
• 76. Alwan J, Naaman A, Guerrero P. Effect of mechanical clamping on the pull-out response of hooked steel fibers embedded in cementitious matrices. Concr Sci Eng. 1999;1:15–25.
• 77. Nieuwoudt PD, Boshoff WP. Time-dependent pull-out behaviour of hooked-end steel fibres in concrete. Cem Concr Compos.
• 78. Sujivorakul C, Waas AM, Naaman AE. Pullout response of a smooth fiber with an end anchorage. J Eng Mech. 2000;126(9):986–93.
• 79. Zīle E, Zīle O. Effect of the fiber geometry on the pullout response of mechanically deformed steel fibers. Cem Concr Res. 2013;44:18–24.
• 80. Breitenbucher R, Meschke G, Song FB, Zhan YJ. Experimental, analytical and numerical analysis of the pullout behaviour of steel fibres considering different fibre types, inclinations and concrete strengths. Struct Concr. 2014;15(2):126–35.
• 81. Nieuwoudt PD, Boshoff WP. Time-dependent pull-out behaviour of hooked-end steel fibres in concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2017;79:133–47.
• 82. Yoo D-Y, Kang S-T, Yoon Y-S. Effect of fiber length and placement method on flexural behavior, tension-softening curve, and fiber distribution characteristics of UHPFRC. Constr Build Mater. 2014;64:67–81.
• 83. Kang S-T, Lee Y, Park Y-D, Kim J-K. Tensile fracture properties of an ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) with steel fiber. Compos Struct. 2010;92(1):61–71.
• 84. Wei X, Zhu H, Chen Q, Ju JW, Cai W, Yan Z, et al. Microstructure-based prediction of UHPC’s tensile behavior considering the effects of interface bonding, matrix spalling and fiber distribution. Cem Concr Compos. 2023;139: 105015.
• 85. Hemmatian A, Jalali M, Naderpour H, Nehdi ML. Machine learning prediction of fiber pull-out and bond-slip in fiber-reinforced cementitious composites. J Build Eng. 2023;63: 105474.
• 86. Kim YJ, Wang J. Stochastic modeling and design recommendations for bond of UHPC interfaced with steel, FRP reinforcing bars. Constr Build Mater. 2023;367: 130297.
• 87. Chun B, Yoo D-Y. Hybrid effect of macro and micro steel fibers on the pullout and tensile behaviors of ultra-high-performance concrete. Compos B Eng. 2019;162:344–60.
• 88. Lee S-J, Eom AH, Ryu S-J, Won J-P. Optimal dimension of archtype steel fibre-reinforced cementitious composite for shotcrete. Compos Struct. 2016;152:600–6.
• 89. Wiemer N, Wetzel A, Schleiting M, Krooß P, Vollmer M, Niendorf T, et al. Effect of fibre material and fibre roughness on the pullout behaviour of metallic micro fibres embedded in UHPC. Materials. 2020.
• 90. Lu K, Pang Z, Xu Q, Yao Y, Wang J, Miao C. Bond strength between substrate and post-cast UHPC with innovative interface treatment. Cem Concr Compos. 2022;133: 104691.
• 91. Stengel T. Effect of surface roughness on the steel fibre bonding in ultra high performance concrete (UHPC). In: Nanotechnology in construction 3, proceedings 2009. pp. 371–6.
• 92. Aggelis DG, Soulioti DV, Gatselou EA, Barkoula NM, Matikas TE. Monitoring of the mechanical behavior of concrete with chemically treated steel fibers by acoustic emission. Constr Build Mater. 2013;48:1255–60.
• 93. Soulioti DV, Barkoula NM, Koutsianopoulos F, Charalambakis N, Matikas TE. The effect of fibre chemical treatment on the steel fibre/cementitious matrix interface. Constr Build Mater. 2013;40:77–83.
• 94. Zhang D, Shahin MA, Yang Y, Liu H, Cheng L. Effect of microbially induced calcite precipitation treatment on the bonding properties of steel fiber in ultra-high performance concrete. J Build Eng. 2022;50: 104132.
• 95. Kim S, Choi S, Yoo D-Y. Surface modification of steel fibers using chemical solutions and their pullout behaviors from ultrahigh-performance concrete. J Build Eng. 2020;32: 101709.
• 96. Liu T, Wei H, Zhou A, Zou D, Jian H. Multiscale investigation on tensile properties of ultra-high performance concrete with silane coupling agent modified steel fibers. Cem Concr Compos. 2020;111: 103638.
• 97. Casagrande CA, Cavalaro SHP, Repette WL. Ultra-high performance fibre-reinforced cementitious composite with steel microfibres functionalized with silane. Constr Build Mater. 2018;178:495–506.
• 98. Pi Z, Xiao H, Du J, Liu M, Li H. Interfacial microstructure and bond strength of nano-SiO 2 -coated steel fibers in cement matrix. Cem Concr Compos. 2019;103:1–10.
• 99. Lee SK, Oh T, Chun B, Chu SH, Sukontasukkul P, Yoo D-Y. Surface refinement of steel fiber using nanosilica and silver and its effect on static and dynamic pullout resistance of reactive powder concrete. J Build Eng. 2022;51: 104269.
• 100. Jang YS, Yoo D-Y. Combined chelating and corrosion effects of steel fiber on the interfacial bond and tensile behaviors of ultra-high-performance concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2022;129: 104505.
• 101. Schleiting M, Klier K, Wiemer N, Wetzel A, Zarges J-C, Heim H-P, et al. Fibre pullout behaviour of fibre-reinforced UHPC with TPE-coated fibres. Constr Build Mater. 2023;376: 131043.
• 102. Abu-Lebdeh T, Hamoush S, Heard W, Zornig B. Effect of matrix strength on pullout behavior of steel fiber reinforced very-high strength concrete composites. Constr Build Mater. 2011;25(1):39–46.
• 103. Abdallah S, Fan M, Zhou X. Pull-out behaviour of hooked end steel fibres embedded in ultra-high performance mortar with various W/B ratios. Int J Concr Struct Mater. 2017;11(2):301–13.
• 104. Zhang B, Ji T, Ma Y, Zhang Q. Effect of metakaolin and magnesium oxide on flexural strength of ultra-high performance concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2022;131: 104582.
• 105. Tran NT, Kim DJ. Synergistic response of blending fibers in ultra-high-performance concrete under high rate tensile loads. Cem Concr Compos. 2017;78:132–45.
• 106. Roy D, Choudhary L, Sharma N, Sharma N. Study on physical properties of quaternary cement concrete with novocon XR steel fibers. Int J Sustain Build Technol Urb Dev. 2018;9(4):197–208
• 107. Huang H, Teng L, Khayat KH, Gao X, Wang F, Liu Z. For the improvement of mechanical and microstructural properties of UHPC with fiber alignment using carbon nanotube and graphite nanoplatelet. Cem Concr Compos. 2022;129: 104462.
• 108. Yoo DY, Banthia N. Impact resistance of fiber-reinforced concrete-a review. Cem Concr Compos. 2019;104.
• 109. Ganesh P, Murthy AR. Tensile behaviour and durability aspects of sustainable ultra-high performance concrete incorporated with GGBS as cementitious material. Constr Build Mater. 2019;197:667–80.
• 110. Halvaei M, Jamshidi M, Pakravan HR, Latifi M. Interfacial bonding of fine aggregate concrete to low modulus fibers. Constr Build Mater. 2015;95:117–23.
• 111. Oh T, Chun B, Lee SK, Lee W, Banthia N, Yoo D-Y. Substitutive effect of nano-SiO 2 for silica fume in ultra-high-performance concrete on fiber pull-out behavior. J Mark Res. 2022;20:1993–2007.
• 112. Wille K, Naaman AE, El-Tawil S, Parra-Montesinos GJ. Ultra-high performance concrete and fiber reinforced concrete: achieving strength and ductility without heat curing. Mater Struct. 2012;45(3):309–24.
• 113. Wu Z, Shi C, Khayat KH. Multi-scale investigation of microstructure, fiber pullout behavior, and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete with nano-CaCO 3 particles. Cem Concr Compos. 2018;86:255–65.
• 114. Wu Z, Khayat KH, Shi C. Effect of nano-SiO2 particles and curing time on development of fiber-matrix bond properties and microstructure of ultra-high strength concrete. Cem Concr Res. 2017;95:247–56.
• 115. Wu ZM, Shi CJ, Khayat KH, Xie LB. Effect of SCM and nano-particles on static and dynamic mechanical properties of UHPC. Constr Build Mater. 2018;182:118–25.
• 116. Wu Z, Shi C, Khayat KH. Influence of silica fume content on microstructure development and bond to steel fiber in ultra-high strength cement-based materials (UHSC). Cem Concr Compos. 2016;71:97–109.
• 117. Chan Y-W, Chu S-H. Effect of silica fume on steel fiber bond characteristics in reactive powder concrete. Cem Concr Res. 2004;34(7):1167–72.
• 118. Yu L, Bai S, Guan X. Effect of graphene oxide on microstructure and micromechanical property of ultra-high performance concrete. Cem Concr Compos. 2023;138: 104964.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024)