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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
An effect of factors determining water quality in the water supply network in Kraków is assessed. The data collected over a four-year research period included quality parameters of water taken from the water distribution system in the period between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2014. In the analysis the supply zones of four municipal water treatment plants in Krakow were considered. The selection of 29 water sampling points within the supply area allowed comparing water quality with respect to operational and technological aspects. Factor analysis enabled 4 components explaining correlations between tap water quality variables to be distinguished. It follows from the research performed that the obtained factors applied to 77% of overall water variability. The highest share was assigned to factor 1 that explained 32% of the chemical composition of water under consideration and was correlated with calcium, conductance, nitrates (V), magnesium and to a moderate extent with Σ THM (with negative sign).
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
110--117
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 29 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Technology and Ecology of Products, Faculty of Commodity Science, Cracow University of Economics, Rakowicka 27, 31-510 Kraków, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1. Adamczyk W., Jachimowski A. 2014. An effect of the Treatment Process on Drinking Water Quality in Cracow”, [W:] Szakiel J. (edit.) Commodity Science in Research and Practice. Achievements and challenges of commodity science in the age of globalization. PolishSociety of Commodity Science. Cracow. Poland, 7–19.
- 2. Adamczyk W., Jachimowski A. 2012. Drinking water quality in the city of Kraków in the years 2007 – 2010, [W:] Żuchowski J., Zieliński R. (edit.) Role of innovativity in quality creation. Scientific Publishing House Institute for Technology of Exploitation – PIB. Radom, 188–200.
- 3. Bergel T., Kaczor G., Bugajski P. 2013. Technical conditions of water supply networks in small waterworks of the Małopolska and Podkarpackie Voivodeships. Infrastructure and ecology of rural areas, 3, 291–304.
- 4. Bergel T., Pawełek J., Rułka Z. 2009. Turbidity of water provided by the water supply systems in the Malopolskie Voivodeship. Environmental Pollution Control, 31, 4, 61–64.
- 5. Bergel T. 2012. An age and a materials structure of small grouped water-supplies in Poland. Gas, Water and Sanitary Engineering, 10, 416–418.
- 6. Biłozor S., Nawrocki J., Raczyk-Stanisławiak U., Świetlik J. 2010. Qualitative characteristics of natural waters [W:] Nawrocki J. (edit.) Water treatment: physical, chemical and biological processes. Part 1. Rev. 2. PWN Scientific Publishing House. Warsaw.
- 7. Central Laboratory MPWiK SA 2013. Register of research methods. Cracow.
- 8. Central Laboratory MPWiK SA 2015. Results of laboratory analyzes of water quality indicators made at the Central Laboratory in the years 2007 – 2014. Own research. Cracow.
- 9. EU Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption (Dz. U. L 330 of 5.12.1998), (http:// gis.gov.pl/ckfinder/userfiles/files/BW/98_83_ WE.pdf), [access on 17–06–2015].
- 10. Gamrot B., Kuś K., Malicka K., Ścieranka G. 2001. Influence of technical and operating conditions of the water distribution system on water quality. Environmental Pollution Control, 3 (82), 17–20.
- 11. Haas C. N., Karra S. B. 1984. Kinetics of wastewater chlorine demand exortion, J. WPCF, 56, 2, 170–173.
- 12. Jachimowski A. 2016. Factors affecting water quality before treatment. Ecological Engineering, vol. 18, 1, 118–125. DOI: 10.12912/23920629/67003.
- 13. Januszewska A., Bojanowska I., Ryłko E., Miłosierna K. 2011. Influence of the chemical properties of water on its corrosivity. Water Technology, 3(11), 31–32.
- 14. Kiéné L., Lu W. Lévi Y. 1998. Relative importance of the phenomena responsible for chlorine decay in drinking water distribution systems, Wat. Scie. Tech., 38, 6, 219–227.
- 15. Kowal A. L., Świderska-Bróż M. 2009. Water purification. Theoretical and technological foundations, processes and devices. PWN Scientific Publishing House. Warsaw.
- 16. Kwietniewski M. 2011. Unreliability of water supply and wastewater infrastructure in Poland based on field tests. XXV Scientific-Technical Conference Building Failures. Miedzyzdroje., 127–140.
- 17. Kwietniewski M., Kowalska B., Wąsowski J., Chudzicki J., Kowalski D., Miszta-Kruk K. 2012. Problems of water quality management in distribution systems. Gas, Water and Sanitary Engineering, 3, 117–121.
- 18. Łomotowski J. 2007. Causes of water quality changes in water supply systems. System Research Institute of Polish Academy of Sciences. Warsaw.
- 19. Modelska M., Buczyński S. 2007. Application of factor analysis in hydrochemical research of selected Sudety Mts catchments. Geological Review, 55, 4,319–323.
- 20. Pierścieniak M., Trzcińska N., Słomczyński T, Wąsowski J. 2009. Problem of secondary contamination of water. Environmental Protection and Natural Resources, 39, 28–39.
- 21. Świderska-Bróż M., Wolska M. 2006. Major contributors to self-contamination of water in distribution systems. Environmental Pollution Control, 4, 29–34.
- 22. Świderska-Bróż M., Wolska M. 2005. The principal parameters of water quality deterioration in distribution system. Engineering and Protection of Environment, 8, 2, 159–169.
- 23. Świderska-Bróż M. 2003. Lack of Biological Stability and the Implication it has for Tap Water Quality. Environmental Pollution Control, 4, 7–12.
- 24. Świderska-Bróż M., Wolska M. 2007. Influence of hydraulic parameters on water pollution system. Environment Protection Engineering, 33, 4, 5–16.
- 25. Tchórzowska-Cieślak B. 2010. The risk of failure of water network. Gas, Water and Sanitary Engineering, 3, 38–41.
- 26. Act of 7 June 2001 on collective water supply and collective sewage disposal (i.e. Dz. U. z 2006 r., No. 123, item 858 with later amendments). (http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=W DU20010720747), [access on 15–01–2016].
- 27. Weber Ł. 2010. Secondary pollution of tap water with iron. Causes and countermeasures on the example of the water supply system. Water Technology, 6, 33–37.
- 28. Rak J. R., Tchórzewska-Cieślak B. 2013. Risks in the operation of collective water supply systems. Seidel-Przywecki. Warsaw.
- 29. Regulation of the Minister of Health on quality requirements for water intended for human consumption (Dz. U. 2015 item 1989), (http://isap.sejm.gov. pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU20150001989), [access on 10–01–2016].
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-f6289160-5d43-41e7-8a7c-61756165188a
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