On the place code for pitch: a psychophysiological paradox in the classical concept

• Autorzy: Zwislocki J. J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The place of maximum excitation in the cochlea has been believed to be the code for the pitch of tones since mid 19-th century. More recent physiological experiments have revealed that, in a healthy cochlea, the maximum is displaced gradually toward the cochlear base (input) as the sound pressure is increased, whereas the pitch remains practically constant. This paradox suggests that the maximum excitation may not be the adequate code for the pitch after all. In the presence of hearing loss of cochlear origin, the pitch appears higher than normal. As the sound pressure level is increased, it changes gradually back to normal. By contrast, the maximum of cochlear excitation in the presence of cochlear damage, although displaced toward the cochlear base, remains independent of sound pressure level. In both situations, normal and pathological, the apical cut off of cochlear excitation depends on the sound pressure level in the same way as does the pitch. Could the cut off be the adequate place code for the pitch?

Słowa kluczowe

EN

pitch; place code; cochlea; maximum excitation; sound pressure level

• Wydawca: Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN ; Komitet Akustyki PAN ; Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
• Czasopismo: Archives of Acoustics
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: Vol. 32, No. 3
• Strony: 447--454
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 15 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Zwislocki J. J.

• Syracuse University Institute for Sensory Research Syracuse, NY 13244, USA

Bibliografia

• [1] BEKESY G., VON, Experiments in hearing, McGraw-Hill, New York 1960.
• [2] BURNS E. M., TURNER C., Pure-tone pitch anomalies, II: Pitch-intensity effects and diplacusis in impaired ears, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 79, 1530–1540 (1986).
• [3] CHATTERJEE M, ZWISLOCKI J. J., Cochlear mechanics of frequency and intensity coding, II: Dynamic range and the code for loudness, Hearing Research, 124, 170–181 (1998).
• [4] GALAMBOS R., DAVIS H., The response of single auditory-nerve fibers to acoustic stimulation, Journal of Neuropysiology, 6, 39–57 (1943).
• [5] HELMHOTZ H. L. F., On the sensations of tone as a physiological basis for the theory of music, (E. Higgins, translation, original in German, 1863), Dover 1954.
• [6] JOHNSTONE B. M., BOYLE A. J. T., Basilar membrane vibration examined with the Mössbauer technique, Science, 158, 389–3990 (1967).
• [7] KIANG N. Y. S., Discharge patterns of single fibers in the cat’s auditory nerve, Research Monograph 35, The M. I. T Press, Cambridge Massachusetts 1965.
• [8] LIBERMAN M. C., KIANG N. Y. S., Acoustic trauma in cats, Acta Oto-Laryngologica, Supplement, 358 (1978).
• [9] RHODE W. S., Observations of the vibration of the basilar membrane in squirrel monkeys using the Mössbauer technique, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 49, 1218–1229 (1971).
• [10] RUSSELL I. J., SELLICK P. M., The tuning properties of cochlear hair cells, [in:] Psychophysics and Physiology of Hearing, E. F. EVANS, J. P. WILSON [Eds.], Academic Press, London 1977.
• [11] ZHANG M., Effect of noise on cochleear transfer functions at the cellular level and their possible underlying mechanisms, Doctoral Dissertation, Institute for Sensory Research, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 1993.
• [12] ZHANG M., ZWISLOCKI J. J., Hair cell magnitude and phase transfer functions: effects of overstimulation and their correlation with loudness functions, ARO Abstracts, 15 (1992).
• [13] ZHANG M., ZWISLOCKI J. J., Intensity-dependent peak shift in cochlear transfer functions at the cellular level, its elimination by sound pressure, and its possible underlying mechanisms, Hearing Research, 96, 46–58 (1996).
• [14] ZWISLOCKI J. J., Auditory sound transmission: An autobiographical perspective, Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc. Mahwah, New Jersey 2002.
• [15] ZWISLOCKI J. J., NGUYEN M., Place code for pitch: A necessary revision, Acta Oto-Laryngologica (Stockholm), 119, 140–145 (1999).