Skały w krajobrazie obszaru Barberton (RPA) i ich potencjał geoturystyczny

• Autorzy: Radwanek-Bąk Barbara , Bąk Bogusław

Warianty tytułu

EN

Rocks in the landscape of the Barberton area (South Africa) and their geotouristic potential

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The area around the city of Barberton in the north-east part of South Africa is built of varied rocks belonging to the so-called Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB), which are among the oldest (Paleo-and Mesoarchaic) and best preserved in the world. Their observation directly in the field is possible thanks to the “Barberton Makhonjwa Geotrail” created in 2014. The article briefly presents the geological structure of this area and provides important information on the development of the Earth in the Archaic, in the light of the latest research. Examples of representative outrops of BGB rocks and the close relationship between the geological structure and morphology are presented. The important raw materials of this area, including rich gold deposits (“Sheba”and others), known since the 19^th century, are also mentioned.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

pas zieleńcowy Barberton; archaik; komatyt; geotrasa Barberton Makhonjwa

EN

Barberton Greenstone Belt; Archaic; komatiite; Barberton Makhonjwa Geotrail

• Wydawca: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Przegląd Geologiczny
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 71, nr 1
• Strony: 44--50
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 22 poz., fot., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Radwanek-Bąk Barbara

• Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią Polskiej Akademii Nauk, ul. Wybickiego 7A, 31-261 Kraków

autor

Bąk Bogusław

• Emerytowany pracownik Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego – Państwowego Instytutu Badawczego, Oddziału Karpackiego

Bibliografia

• 1. ANHAEUSSER C.R. 2010 - Magmatics and structural characteristics of the ca 3440 Ma Thelspruit Pluton, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. Amer. J. Sci., 310: 1136-1167.
• 2. ANHAEUSSER C.R. 2014 - Archaean greenstone belts and associated granitic rocks - a review. J. African Earth Sci, dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.07.019
• 3. ANHAEUSSER C.R., VILJOEN R.P. (red.) 2016 - Africa's top geological sites. Struik Nature. Cape Town: 61-66.
• 4. BRANDL G., CLOETE M., ANHAEUSSER C.R. 2006 - Archaean greenstone belts. [W:] Johnson M.R., Anhaeusser C.R., Thomas R.J. (red.), The geology of South Africa. Geol. Soc. South Africa, Johannesburg: 5-9.
• 5. CAITLIN J., KISTERS A. 2022 - Regional and local controls of hydrothermal fluid flow and gold mineralization in the Sheba and Fairview mines, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa. Ore Geol. Rev.,144; doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.104805
• 6. DIRKSA P.H.G.M.E., CHARLESWORTHB E.G., M. MUNYAIB M.R., WORMALD R. 2013 - Stress analysis, post-orogenic extension and 3.01 Ga gold mineralisation in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa. Precambr. Res., 226: 157-184.
• 7. FERRAR T., HEUBECK C. 2018 - Barberton Makhonjwa geotrail. Geosites and viewpoints. Revised edition. Batobic.
• 8. HEUBECK C. 2007 - An early ecosystem of Archaean tidal ,microbial mats (Moodies Group, South Africa, c.a.3,2 Ga). Geology, 37: 931-934.
• 9. LOWE D.R., BYERLY G.R. 2007 - An overview of the geology of the Barberton greenstone belt and vicinity: implications for early crustal development. [W:] Van Kranendonk M.J., Smithies R.H., Bennetta V.C. (red.), Earth's oldest rocks. Development in Precambrian Geology, 15: 481-526. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
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• 12. NISBET G.E., CHEADLE M.J., ARNDT N.J., BICKLE M.J., 1993 - Constraining the potential temperatura of the Archaean mantle: a review of the evidence from komatiites. Lithos, 30: 291-307.
• 13. PEARTON T., VILJOEN M. 2017 - Gold on the Kaapvaal Craton, outside the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa. South African J. Geol., 120.1: 101-132.
• 14. PORTER Geo Database, portergeo.com.au/mineinfo
• 15. PUCHTEL I.S., BLICHERT-TOFT J., TOUBOUL M., WALKER R.J., BYERLY G.R., NISBET E.G., ANHAEUSSER C.R. 2013 - Insights into early Earth from Barberton komatiites: evidence from lithophile isotope and trace element systematics. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 108: 63-90.
• 16. ROBB L.J., BRANDL G., ANHAEUSSER C.R., POUJOL M. 2006 - Archaean granitoid intrusions. [W:] Johnson M.R., Anhaeusser C.R., Thomas R.J. (red.), The geology of South Africa. Geol. Soc. South Africa, Johannesburg: 5-9.
• 17. STANLEY S.M. 2005 - Historia Ziemi. PWN, Warszawa: 361-363.
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• 19. VISSER D.J.L. 1956 - The geology of the Barberton area. Geol. Surv. South Africa Spec. Publ., 15.
• 20. WAGENER J.H.F., WIEGAND J. 1986 - The Sheba gold mine, Barberton Greenstone Belt. [W:] Anhaeusser C.R., Maske S. (red.), Mineral Deposits of South Africa. Geol. Soc. South Africa, 1: 155-161.
• 21. WATKEYS M.K. 2006 - Gondwana break-up : a South African perspective. [W:] Johnson M.R., Anhaeusser C.R., Thomas R.J. (red.), The geology of South Africa. Geol. Soc. South Africa, Pretoria: 95-134.
• 22. ŻABA J. 2006 - Ilustrowana encyklopedia skał i minerałów. Videograf.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2024)