Inorganic nanomaterials in the aquatic environment : behavior, toxicity, and interaction with environmental elements

Krzyżewska, I.; Kyzioł-Komosińska, J.; Rosik-Dulewska, C.; Czupioł, J.; Antoszczyszyn-Szpicka, P.

doi:10.1515/aep-2016-0011

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Inorganic nanomaterials in the aquatic environment : behavior, toxicity, and interaction with environmental elements

Autorzy

Krzyżewska I. , Kyzioł-Komosińska J. , Rosik-Dulewska C. , Czupioł J. , Antoszczyszyn-Szpicka P.

Treść / Zawartość

Pełne teksty:

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/aep-2016-0011

Warianty tytułu

Nanomateriały nieorganiczne w środowisku wodnym : zachowanie, toksyczność i interakcje z innymi elementami środowiska

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

The aim of this paper is to present characteristics, toxicity and environmental behavior of nanoparticles (NPs) (silver, copper, gold, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide) that most frequently occur in consumer products. In addition, NPs are addressed as the new aquatic environmental pollutant of the 21st century. NPs are adsorbed onto particles in the aquatic systems (clay minerals, fulvic and humic acids), or they can adsorb environmental pollutants (heavy metal ions, organic compounds). Nanosilver (nAg) is released from consumer products into the aquatic environment. It can threaten aquatic organisms with high toxicity. Interestingly, copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) demonstrate higher toxicity to bacteria and aquatic microorganisms than those of nanosilver nAg. Their small size and reactivity can cause penetration into the tissues and interfere with the metabolic systems of living organisms and bacterial biogeochemical cycles. The behavior of NPs is not fully recognized. Nevertheless, it is known that NPs can agglomerate, bind with ions (chlorides, sulphates, phosphates) or organic compounds. They can also be bound or immobilized by slurry. The NPs behavior depends on process conditions, i.e. pH, ionic strength, temperature and presence of other chemical compounds. It is unknown how NPs behave in the aquatic environment. Therefore, the research on this problem should be carried out under different process conditions. As for the toxicity, it is important to understand where the differences in the research results come from. As NPs have an impact on not only aquatic organisms but also human health and life, it is necessary to recognize their toxic doses and know standards/regulations that determine the permissible concentrations of NPs in the environment.

Celem pracy jest charakterystyka, toksyczność oraz zachowanie w środowisku nanomateriałów (takich jak srebro, miedź, złoto, tlenek cynku, dwutlenek tytanu, tlenki żelaza), które występują najczęściej w produktach konsumenckich. Dodatkowo, nanomateriały określane są jako nowe zanieczyszczenia środowiska wodnego XXI wieku. Z jednej strony mogą być adsorbowane przez elementy środowiska wodnego (tj.minerały ilaste,kwasy-fulwowe i huminowe), z drugiej zaś to one stają się centrami adsorpcyjnymi zanieczyszczeń środowiskowych (tj. jony metali ciężkich, związki organiczne). Najbardziej rozpowszechnione nanosrebro jest uwalniane z produktów dostępnych na rynku do środowiska wodnego, co powoduje zagrożenie dla organizmów wodnych z powodu wysokiej toksyczności srebra. Nanomiedź natomiast jest uważana za jeden z najsilniejszych środków antybakteryjnych i przeciwgrzybicznych, nawet w porównaniu do nanosrebra. Nanocząstki charakteryzują się niewielkimi rozmiarami co pozwala im na wnikanie do żywych komórek, a także wysoką reaktywnością dzięki czemu mogą zakłócać metabolizm komórek oraz cykle geochemiczne bakterii. Nanomateriały ulegają aglomeracji, wiążą się zarówno z jonami jak i związkami organicznymi, mogą również zostać zatrzymane na powierzchni osadów a ich interakcje uzależnione są od warunków środowiska (pH, siła jonowa, temperatura, oraz obecność innych związków chemicznych). Niestety ich zachowanie w środowisku nie jest do końca poznane. Dlatego konieczne są badania nad zachowaniem się nanomateriałów w środowisku wodnym, ich toksyczności i interakcji z elementami środowiska wodnego. Zagrażając organizmom wodnym mogą one również negatywnie wpływać na zdrowie i życie ludzkie. Zasadne wydaje się zatem poznanie regulacji i praw które pozwolą na określenie dopuszczalnych stężeń nanocząstek w środowisku.

Słowa kluczowe

nanomaterials nanosilver nanocopper aquatic environmental toxicity pollution

nanomateriały nanosrebra nanomiedź środowisko wodne toksyczność skażenie

Wydawca

Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences

Czasopismo

Archives of Environmental Protection

Rocznik

2016

Tom

Vol. 42, no. 1

Strony

87--101

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 147 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Krzyżewska I.

Institute of Environmental Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

autor

Kyzioł-Komosińska J.

joanna.kyziol-komosinska@ipis.zabrze.pl

Institute of Environmental Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
Department of Land Protection, Opole University, Poland

autor

Rosik-Dulewska C.

Institute of Environmental Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

autor

Czupioł J.

Institute of Environmental Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

autor

Antoszczyszyn-Szpicka P.

Central Mining Institute, Poland

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