Ameliorative effect of phyto-ash and biogas digestate improvers on soil contaminated with heavy metals

• Autorzy: Diatta Jean , Grzebisz Witold , Bzowski Zbigniew , Spychalski Waldemar , Biber Maria

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/aep.2019.127982

Warianty tytułu

PL

Remediacyjne działanie polepszaczy z popiołu z biomasy roślinnej oraz pofermentu na glebę zanieczyszczonej metalami ciężkimi

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Nine phyto-ashes from the biomass combustion of birch (Betula), oak (Quercus), red oak (Quercus rubra), horbeam (Carpinus), pine (Pinus sylvestris), poplar (Populus), maple (Acer), oilseed rape straw (Brassica napus) and wheat straw (Triticum aestivum) were blended with a biogas digestate at 1:1 mass ratio to give nine organic-mineral soil improvers. The concept of the research was to outline an eco-friendly and low cost soil improver for remediating degraded lands. These (i.e. phyto-ashes, improvers and the biogas digestate) were applied (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 t∙ha^-1) to a soil metallurgically contaminated with Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd. Of several tested parameters, pH changes revealed that organic-mineral soil improvers may efficiently replace (linear R2>0.90****, P<0.001) phyto-ashes in soil remedial goals. Buffering properties expressed by the cation exchange capacity (CEC) improved progressively: 29, 52, 71, 100% (phyto-ash treatments) and: 18, 37, 44, 73% (improvers treatments) for the rates 5, 10, 20, 40 t∙ha^-1, respectively as referred to the control CEC. The Dynamic Remediation Efficiency (DRE) indices for Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd revealed metal-specific geochemical reactions initiated by phyto-ashes, improvers and biogas digestate. The rates 5.0–10.0 t∙ha^-1 for phyto-ashes and about 20 t∙ha^-1 for improvers [1:1, i.e. Phyto-ash:Biogas digestate] are recommended. For biogas digestate, the rates 10–20 t∙ha^-1 were found more efficient.

PL

W pracy zastosowano 9 popiołów z biomasy roślinnej: brzozy (Betula), dębu (Quercus), dębu czerwonego (Quercus rubra), grabu (Carpinus), sosny (Pinus sylvestris), topoli (Populus), klonu (Acer), słomy rzepaku (Brassica napus) oraz słomy pszennej (Triticum aestivum), które wymieszano z pofermentem w stosunku 1:1. Otrzymano 9 organiczno-mineralnych polepszaczy glebowych. Koncepcja badań polegała na wyodrębnieniu taniego i środowiskowo przyjaznego polepszacza do remediacji gruntów zdegradowanych. Zanieczyszczone Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd próbki gleb pobrano w strefie zlokalizowanej po południowo-wschodnej stronie Huty Zn i Pb w Miasteczku Śląskim. Popioły z biomasy roślinnej, polepszacze oraz poferment zastosowano w dawkach 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 t∙ha^-1. Skuteczność procesu remediacyjnego oceniono przy użyciu testów: 0,11 mola CH₃COOH dm-^-3, pH 3,0 (Reaktywne formy Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) oraz 0,10 mola NaNO₃ dm-^-3 (formy biodostępne). Spośród wielu zbadanych parametrów, zmiany pH ujawniły, że polepszacze mineralno-organiczne mogą skutecznie zastępować (liniowe R2>0,90****; P<0,001) popioły z biomasy roślinnej w zabiegach remediacyjnych. Właściwości buforowe wyrażone pojemnością wymienną w stosunku do kationów (CEC) poprawiły się progresywnie: 29, 52, 71, 100% (na obiektach z popiołami) oraz: 18, 37, 44, 73% (na obiektach z polepszaczami) odpowiednio dla dawek 5, 10, 20, 40 t∙ha^-1, w porównaniu do CEC na kontroli. Wskaźniki dynamicznej skuteczności remediacyjnej (DRE) dla Cu, Zn, Pb i Cd wskazały na specyficzne reakcje geochemiczne zainicjowane popiołami, polepszaczami oraz pofermentem. Dawki 5,0–10,0 t∙ha^-1 dla popiołów roślinnych, ok. 20 t∙ha^-1 dla polepszaczy [1:1, tzn. popiół:poferment] oraz 10–20 t∙ha^-1 pofermentu są zalecane.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

soil; heavy metals; remediation; phyto-ash; biogas digestate; improvers

PL

gleba; metale ciężkie; remediacja; fito-popiół; fermentat biogazu; polepszacze

• Wydawca: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Environmental Protection
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: Vol. 45, no. 2
• Strony: 73--83
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 45 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Diatta Jean

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

autor

Grzebisz Witold

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

autor

Bzowski Zbigniew

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

autor

Spychalski Waldemar

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

autor

Biber Maria

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).