Water retention by active carbon fibres obtained from viscose

• Autorzy: Cisło R. , Krucińska I. , Babeł K.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The work presented in this paper concerns an investigation we have carried out into the water retention ability of activated carbon nonwovens manufactured from cellulose fibres. The precursor nonwovens manufactured by the spun-laced method were pyrolysed and carbonised at temperatures of 400°C, 600°C, and 800°C, and next activated at the temperature of 850°C. The kinetic curves of water sorption and the absorption parameters were assessed. The properties of the microporous structure of the fibres were determined on the basis of the nitrogen sorption isotherm. The activated nonwovens were characterised by an active internal surface of over 1000 m2/gl. As the result of activation, the water absorption increased by over 2.5 times when compared with the absorption of precursor nonwovens. The tests carried out allowed us to state that water retention mainly depends on the physical and the chemical properties of the carbon surface, as well as on the content of great pores in the porous structure of the fibres. In turn, the surface properties depend on the processing temperature.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

water retention; absorption; carbon fibres; active carbon; precursor viscose; precursor nonwovens

PL

zatrzymanie wody; absorpcja; włókna węglowe; węgiel aktywny; wiskoza; włókniny

• Wydawca: Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design
• Czasopismo: Autex Research Journal
• Rocznik: 2005
• Tom: Vol. 5, no. 1
• Strony: 61--66
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 20 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Cisło R.

• Departament of Textile Metrology, Faculty of Engineering and Marketing of Textiles, Technical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, Poland

autor

Krucińska I.

• Departament of Textile Metrology, Faculty of Engineering and Marketing of Textiles, Technical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, Poland

autor

Babeł K.

• Institute of Chemical Wood Technology, Agricultural Academy of Poznan, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznan, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Derbyshire F.,. Jagtoyen M,. Andrews R,. Rao A,. Martin-Gullon, I. Grulke E.A: 'Carbon materials in environmental applications' in Chemistry and physics of carbon, ed. LR. Radovic, vol. 27, Marcel Decker Inc., New York, Basel, 2001, 1-66.
• 2. Bansal R.Ch., Donnet J-B., Stoeckli F. Active carbon, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York and Basel. 1988.
• 3. Yoon S-H., Korai Y., Mochoda I: Carbon Fibres and Active Carbon Fibers in Sciences of Carbon Materials, ed. H. Marsh & F. Rodriguez-Reinos, Universdad de Alicante 2000, 287-328.
• 4. Rodriguez-Reinoso F., Pastor A. C, Marsh H., Huidobro A: 'Preparation of activated carbon from viscous rayon Part III. Effect of carbonization on CO2 activation', Carbon 38, 2000, 397-406.
• 5. Babeł K.: 'Porous structure evolution of cellulose carbon fibres during heating in the initial activation stage', Fuel Processing Technology 85, 2003, 75-89.
• 6. LR. Radovic, C. Moreno-Castilla, J. Rivera-Utrilla: 'Carbon materials as adsorbents in aqueous solutions', in Chemistry and physics of carbon, ed. LR. Radovic, vol. 27, Martin Decker Inc., New York, Basel, 2001, 227-405.
• 7. Ermolenko I.N., Lyubliner I.P., Gulko N.V.: Chemical modified carbon fibers and their applications, VCH Weinheim 1990.
• 8. R. Pampuch et al.: Włókna węglowe, AGH in Poland, 1986.
• 9. Donnet J-B., Bansal R.,C: Carbon fibers, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basel. 1990.
• 10. Peebles L.H.: Carbon fibers - formation, structure and properties, CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, Tokyo 1996.
• 11. Zawadzki J., (1988): Infrared spectroscopy in surface chemistry of carbons', in ed. P.A. Thrower, Chemistry and physics of carbon, vol. 21, New York: Dekker, s. 147-380.
• 12. Lei Li, Quinlivan P.A., Knappe D.R.U.: 'Effect of activated carbon surface chemistry and pore structure on adsorption of organic contaminants from aqueous solution', Carbon 40; 2002, 2085-2100.
• 13. Krekel G., Huttinger K.J., Hoffman W.P., Silver D.S: The 'relevance of the surface structure and surface chemistry of carbon fibres in their adhesion to high-temperature thermoplastic. Part 2: Surface chemistry', J. of Mat. Science 29; 1994, 3461-3468.
• 14. Jurewicz K., Babeł K., Ziółkowski A., Wachowska H.: 'Ammoxidation of active carbons for improvement of supercapacitor characteristics', Electrochimica Acta, 48, 2003, 1491-1498.
• 15. Monlicz J.A., Kaptejn F., Carbon clasification reaction in Science of carbon materials, ed.: Henry Marsh and Francisco Rodrigues-Renoso, Universidad de Alicante, pp 379-402, 2000.
• 16. Babeł K., Czajka R., Gordon W., Attempts of applying the tunel mocroscopy and microscopy of atomic forces for investigation into porous carbon materials (in Polish), Annual Volume LCCXL. pp 107-114, 2001.
• 17. Barret E. P., Joyner L G., Halenda P. P., The determination of pore volume and area distribution in porous substances computation from nitrogen isotherms, Vol. And Area Distr. In Porous Subst. I, 1951.
• 18. Rouquerol F., Rouquerol J., Sibg K., Adsorption by powders and porous solids, Academic Press, San Diego, New York.
• 19. Sing K. S. W. Et al., Reporting physiosorption data for gas/solid systems, IUPAC, Pure & Appl. Chem. 57, pp.603-619.
• 20. Adamson A.W., Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York, 1970.