Forest loss and land cover land use change. Dynamics in the peri-urban rural districts of Greater Kumasi - Ghana

• Autorzy: Koranteng Addo , Adu-Poku Isaac , Fosu Frimpong Bernard , Nti Asamoah Jack , Zawiła-Niedźwiecki Tomasz

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wylesianie i zmiany w pokryciu terenu. Dynamika zmian użytkowania gruntów w podmiejskich okręgach wiejskich Wielkiego Kumasi w Ghanie

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The study evaluated the space-time fluctuations of the land cover land use changes (LULCC) in the peri-urban rural districts of Greater Kumasi in Ghana from 1990 to 2020. Several satellite images derived from medium to high-level spatial resolution (Landsat, Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC) and Sentinel) in decadal intervals of 1990-2000; 2000-2010 and 2010-2020 were analyzed. The multi-temporal satellite images were preprocessed (georeferenced, radiometrically, and geometrically corrected). The Land use land cover (LULC) maps were derived using the Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) technique and the maps were validated. Comparisons were undertaken in post-classification for the LULCC detection analysis. Closed Forest, Open Forest, Agriculture, Built-up and Water were the five LULC categories defined. Accuracy assessments of the LULC maps were very satisfactory. The results displayed a disturbing forest loss trend. There was forest degradation in protected forests and deforestation in forests outside designated areas from 1990 to 2020. The land use class of Agriculture reduced over the period 1990-2020. For agrarian communities in the study area, this is cause for concern however, it still represented a sizeable land use. Built up category was the largest gainer from 2.27% in 1990 to 18.60% in 2020. Overall, from 1990 to 2020, 62933.20 ha (33.37%) of the study area had undergone an extensive LULCC. Temporal investigation shows that these variations occurred mainly between 1990 and 2000. There was a strong reafforestation in 2000-2010 and forest loss in 2010-2020. Closed forests were preserved, and Open forests were lost in the 30 years of study. This study adds to the endeavors of salvaging what is left of the natural environment and an effort to ascertain the proximate causes of LULCC in the area of study.

PL

W niniejszym artykule zbadano fluktuacje przestrzenno-czasowe zmian pokrycia terenu i użytkowania gruntów (LULCC) w wiejskich okolicach okręgu miejskiego Wielkie Kumasi w Ghanie w latach 1990-2020. Analizie poddano kilka obrazów satelitarnych o średniej i dużej rozdzielczości przestrzennej (Landsat, Disaster Monitoring Constellation - DMC i Sentinel) w interwałach dekadalnych 1990-2000, 2000-2010 i 2010-2020. Wieloczasowe obrazy satelitarne zostały poddane wstępnemu przetwarzaniu (korekcja radiometryczna i geometryczna). Mapy użytkowania terenu (LULC) zostały wygenerowane przy użyciu klasyfikatora największego prawdopodobieństwa (MLC), a następnie poddane ocenie dokładności. Porównania zostały wykonane poprzez analizę wykrywania zmian LULCC po przeprowadzonej klasyfikacji. Zdefiniowano pięć kategorii LULC: Lasy o zwartej strukturze, Lasy o luźnej strukturze, Tereny rolne, Tereny zabudowane i Woda. Ocena dokładności map LULC była bardzo zadowalająca. Wyniki pokazały niepokojącą tendencję ubytku powierzchni leśnych. Zaobserwowano w badanym okresie od 1990 do 2020 r. degradację lasów chronionych oraz wylesianie w lasach poza wyznaczonymi obszarami. Klasa użytkowania Terenów rolnych również zmniejszyła się w okresie 1990-2020. Dla społeczności rolniczych w obszarze badawczym jest to powód do zmartwienia, choć nadal tereny te zajmują istotną część analizowanego obszaru. Z kolei kategoria Terenów zabudowanych odnotowała największy wzrost z 2,27% w 1990 roku do 18,60% w 2020 roku, a obszar badawczy o powierzchni 62933,20 ha (33,37%) przeszedł znaczną zmianę LULCC. Badania wieloczasowe pokazują, że te zmiany wystąpiły głównie między rokiem 1990 a 2000. W latach 2000-2010 obserwowano silne nasadzenia leśne, natomiast w latach 2010-2020 nastąpiła utrata lasów. Lasy o zwartej strukturze zostały zachowane, a Lasy o luźnej strukturze doznały znaczącego zmniejszenia pola powierzchni w analizowanym okresie. Niniejsze badanie przyczynia się do wysiłków mających na celu ocalenie tego, co pozostało z naturalnego środowiska oraz określenie bezpośrednich przyczyn LULCC w obszarze badawczym.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

urbanization; deforestation; forest degradation; anthropogenic pressure; change analysis

PL

urbanizacja; wylesianie; degradacja lasów; presja antropogeniczna; analiza zmian

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne, Oddział Teledetekcji i Geoinformatyki
• Czasopismo: Teledetekcja Środowiska
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: T. 63
• Strony: 5--17
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 48 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Koranteng Addo

• Kumasi Technical University Institute of Research, Innovation and Development, Kumasi, Ghana

autor

Adu-Poku Isaac

• Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Department of Geomatic Engineering, Kumasi, Ghana

autor

Fosu Frimpong Bernard

• Brandenburg University of Technology Department of Hydrology, Cottbus, Germany

autor

Nti Asamoah Jack

• Kumasi Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Civil Engineering, Kumasi, Ghana

autor

Zawiła-Niedźwiecki Tomasz

• Coordination Centre for Environmental Projects, Warszawa, Poland

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