Impact of ship-borne nitrogen deposition on the Gulf of Finland ecosystem : an evaluation

Raudsepp, U.; Laanemets, J.; Maljutenko, I.; Hongisto, M.; Jalkanen, J. P.

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Impact of ship-borne nitrogen deposition on the Gulf of Finland ecosystem : an evaluation

Autorzy

Raudsepp U. , Laanemets J. , Maljutenko I. , Hongisto M. , Jalkanen J. P.

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Abstrakty

The degree of inter-annual variability in spring and summer phytoplankton blooms and nitrogen fixation in response to the deposition of oxidized nitrogen originating from ship emissions (hereafter nitrogen deposition) was evaluated in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) based on 10-year (1997-2006) simulation results using a coupled hydrodynamic (GETM) and ecological (ERGOM) model. Ship emissions were generated for 2008 using the Ship Traffic Emission Assessment Model, and ship nitrogen deposition was calculated using the Hilatar chemistry-transport model over the Baltic Sea. The annual ship nitrogen deposition in the Gulf of Finland was 1.6 kt N, about 12% of the annual atmospheric deposition, and increased in summer, up to 30% compared to the monthly atmospheric deposition. Ship nitrogen deposition caused an increase in spring and post-bloom primary production in two functional groups (diatoms and flagellates), at the same time reducing phosphate resources in the upper layer. Nitrogen fixation due to ship nitrogen deposition decreased by 1-1.6 kt N year^-1 (2-6%). The effect of ship nitrogen deposition on nitrogen fixation was greater in the western and central Gulf of Finland. The additional ship nitrogen deposition to the Gulf was practically compensated for by a decrease in nitrogen fixation.

Słowa kluczowe

ship nitrogen deposition nitrogen fixation ecological modelling Gulf of Finland

Wydawca

Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology
Elsevier

Czasopismo

Oceanologia

Rocznik

2013

Tom

No. 55 (4)

Strony

837--857

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 54 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Raudsepp U.

urmas.raudsepp@msi.ttu.ee

Marine Systems Institute, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia

autor

Laanemets J.

jaan.laanemets@msi.ttu.ee

Marine Systems Institute, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia

autor

Maljutenko I.

ilja.maljutenko@msi.ttu.ee

Marine Systems Institute, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15a, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia

autor

Hongisto M.

Marke.Hongisto@fmi.fi

Air Quality Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland

autor

Jalkanen J. P.

Jukka-Pekka.Jalkanen@fmi.fi

Air Quality Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland

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