Application of ground penetrating radar method combined with sedimentological analyses in studies of glaciogenic sediments in central Poland

• Autorzy: Lejzerowicz A. , Wysocka A. , Kowalczyk S.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/squa-2018-0008

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

GPR method is perfectly suited for recognizing of sedimentary facies diversity in shallowly occurring sediments if there is a contrast of electrical properties between and/or within each layer. The article deals with the issue of the correlation between GPR surveys results and sedimentological analyses. As a result of this correlation a conceptual model of depositional systems of studied areas was developed. Studies were performed in two areas located in central Poland, where glacial deposits formed in the Middle Polish (Saalian) Glaciation are present. The study was based on 49 sediment samples and 21 GPR profiles. Analyses of litho facies as well as granulometric and mineralogical composition of deposits of collected samples were carried out, showing the diversity of glacial deposits in both study sites. During GPR measurements shielded antenna with a frequency of 500 MHz was used which allowed high-resolution mapping of the internal structure of deposits and to identify four characteristic radar facies. Correlation of GPR profiles with point, one-dimensional sedimentological studies allowed the unambiguous interpretation of the GPR image and draw conclusions about the formation environment of individual units. Geophysical and sedimentological data obtained during study provide a new and detailed insight into selected glacial deposits in central Poland.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ground penetrating radar; radar facies; glaciogenic deposits; sedimentological studies; central Poland

• Wydawca: Institute of Geological Science Polish Academy of Science
• Czasopismo: Studia Quaternaria
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 35, Nr 2
• Strony: 103--119
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 58 poz., tab., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Lejzerowicz A.

• Faculty of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Lecha Kaczyńskiego 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Wysocka A.

• Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Kowalczyk S.

• Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Allen, G.P., Castaing, P., Klingebiel, A., 1972. Distinction of elementary sand populations in the Gironde Estuary (France) by r-mode factor analysis of grain-size data. Sedimentology 19, 21-35.
• 2. Annan, A.P., 2009. Electromagnetic principles of ground penetrating radar. In: Jol, H.M. (Ed.), Ground Penetrating Radar: Theory and Applications Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 3-40.
• 3. Baker, P.L., 1991. Response of ground penetrating radar to bounding surfaces and lithofacies variations in sand barrier sequences. Exploration Geophysics 22, 19-22.
• 4. Bakker, M.A.J., van der Meer, J.J.M., 2003. Structure of a Pleistocene push moraine revealed by GPR: the eastern Veluwe Ridge, The Netherlands. In: Bristow, C.S., Jol, H.M (Eds.), Ground. Penetrating Radar in Sediments. Geological Society of London Special Publication 211, 143-151.
• 5. Barczuk, A., Dłużewski, M., 2006. The mineral and lithological composition as a basis to identify the source and indication of eoliza- tion of dune deposits. In: Dłużewski, M., Tsermegas, I. (Eds.) Przewodnik terenowy: Geograficzne i geologiczne uwarunkowania rozwoju rzeźby Maroka. Warsztaty Geomorfologiczne Maroko 2006. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych Uniwersytet Warszawski oraz Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich, 103-119. (in Polish)
• 6. Beres, M., Huggenberger, P., Green, A. G., Horstmeyer, H., 1999. Using two-and three-dimensional georadar methods to characterize glaciofluvial architecture. Sedimentary Geology 129 (1), 1-24.
• 7. Blott, S.J., Pye, K., 2001. Gradistat: A grain size distribution and statistics package for the analyses of unconsolidated sediments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 26, 1237-1248.
• 8. Bristow, C.S., Pugh, J., Goodall, T., 1996. Internal structure of aeolian dunes in Abu Dhabi determined using ground penetrating radar. Sedimentology 43 (6), 995-1003.
• 9. Bujak, Ł., Woronko, B., Wrotek, K., 2006. Texture features of Pleistocene deposits as a source of information on sedimentary environment conditions; a case study of Glinojeck borehole (Raciąż Plain). Przegląd Geologiczny 54, 319-325. (in Polish with English abstract).
• 10. Czuryłowicz, K., Lejzerowicz, A., Kowalczyk, S., Wysocka, A., 2013. The origin and depositional architecture of Paleogene quartz-glau- conite sands in the Lubartów area, eastern Poland. Geological Quarterly 58 (1), 125-144.
• 11. Daniels, D.J., 2004. Ground-penetrating Radar, 2nd edition. The Institute of Electrical Engineers, London, UK, 726 pp.
• 12. Degenhardt J.J., 2009. Development of tongue-shaped and multilobate
• 13. rock glaciers in alpine environments - interpretations from ground penetrating radar surveys. Geomorphology 109, 94-107.
• 14. Eyles, N., Eyles, C.H., Miall, A.D., 1983. Lithofacies types and vertical profile models: an alternative approach to the description and environmental interpretation of glacial diamict and diamictite sequences. Sedimentology 30, 393-410.
• 15. Folk, R.L., Ward, W.C., 1957. Brazos River bar: a study in the significance of grain size parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 27, 3-26.
• 16. Gadomska, S., 1962. Detailed Geological Map of Poland, Garwolin sheet in scale 1:50 000. Wyd. Geol., Warszawa. (in Polish)
• 17. Gadomska, S., 1968. Explanations for Detailed Geological Map of Poland, Garwolin sheet in scale 1:50 000. Wyd. Geol., Warszawa. (in Polish)
• 18. Gibbard, P.L, West, R.G, Boreham, S.,Rolfe, C.J., 2012. Late Middle Pleistocene ice-marginal sedimentation in East Anglia, England. Boreas 41, 319-336.
• 19. Glińska, A., Pytliński, S., Bębenek, S., Kicińska, A., Strzeboński, P., 2006. Filing card of documentary site 'Glacial deposits in Paplin gravel pit' no. LDZ 07 08 01. PIG-CAG. (in Polish)
• 20. Glińska, A., Pytliński, S., Bębenek, S., Kicińska, A., Strzeboński, P., 2010. Filing Card of 'Paplin gravel pit - glacial deposits' no. 1449, Ministry of the Environment. PIG-CAG. (in Polish)
• 21. Gomez, C., Miller, J., 2017. Ground Penetrating Radar Analysis of Slope and Lake Sediments Interplay: A Survey of Lake Pearson. Kobe University [Research Report].
• 22. Guillemoteau, J., Bano, M.,Dujardin, J.R., 2012. Influence of grain size, shape and compaction on georadar waves: example of an Aeolian dune. Geophysical Journal International 190, 1455-1463.
• 23. Irvine-Fynn, T.D.L., Moorman, B.J., Williams, J.L.M., Walter, F.S.A., 2006. Seasonal changes in ground-penetrating radar signature observed at a polythermal glacier, Bylot Island, Canada. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 31, 892-909.
• 24. Janicki, T., 2007. Appendix No. 1 to the geological documentation of deposits of natural aggregate "Paplin I" in category C1 clearing resources of deposits, Department of Geological Services and Environmental Protection. PIG-CAG. (in Polish)
• 25. Jol, H.M., 2009. Ground Penetrating Radar Theory and Applications. Elsevier, England, 524 pp.
• 26. Kenig, K., 2009. Lithology of tills in the Polish Lowland - basic investigative methods. Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego 437, 1-58. (in Polish with English summary)
• 27. Lamparski, P., 2004. Quaternary forms and deposits in the light of ground penetrating radar investigations (in Polish with English summary). Prace Geograficzne 194, 1-115.
• 28. Lejzerowicz, A., Kowalczyk, S., Wysocka, A., 2012. Sedimentary architecture and ground penetrating radar (GPR) analysis of sandy- gravel esker deposits in Kozlow, Central Poland. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR 2012, June 4-8 2012, Shanghai, China), 676-681.
• 29. Lejzerowicz, A., Czuryłowicz, K., Kowalczyk, S., Wysocka, A., 2014. Ground Penetrating Radar and sedimentological investigations of quartz-glauconite sands in the Lubartów area (south-east Poland). Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR 2014, June 30 - July 4, 2014, Brussels, Belgium), 239-244.
• 30. Lejzerowicz, A. Wysocka, A., 2016. The post-glacial deposits of gravel pit in Paplin (Rawa Upland) on the basis of textural analyses. Landform Analysis 31, 3-16 (in Polish with English summary).
• 31. Makowska, A., 1970. Geological Map of Poland, Skierniewice sheet in scale 1:200 000. Wyd. Geol., Warszawa. (in Polish)
• 32. Markowiak, M., 2010. Documentary cart no. 1617 of 'Paplin gravel pit' geosite. Ministry of the Environment; PIG-CAG. (in Polish).
• 33. McCarthy, M., Pritchard, H., Willis, I., King, E., 2017. Ground-penetrating radar measurements of debris thickness on Lirung Glacier, Nepal. Journal of Glaciology 63 (239), 543-555
• 34. McManus, J., 1988. Grain size determination and interpretation. In: Tucker, M. (Ed.), Techniques in Sedimentology. Blackwell, Oxford, 63-85.
• 35. Mertes, J.R., Thompson, S.S., Booth, A.D., Gulley, J.D., Benn, D.I., 2016. A conceptual model of supra-glacial lake formation on debris-covered glaciers based on GPR facies analysis. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 42 (6), 903-914.
• 36. Miall, A.D., 1977. A review of the braided river depositional environment. Earth-Science Reviev 13, 1-62.
• 37. Miall, A.D., 1985. Architectural element analysis: a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits. Earth-Science Reviev 22, 261-308.
• 38. Mycielska-Dowgiałło, E., 1995. Selected textural features of deposits and their interpretation value. In: Mycielska-Dowgiałło, E., Rutkowski, J. (Eds.), Research studies of the Quaternary sediments. Some methods and interpretation of the results. Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw Press (Warszawa), 29-104. (in Polish with English summary)
• 39. Mycielska-Dowgiałło, E., 2007. Research methods for textural features of clastic deposits and their significance for interpretation. In: Mycielska-Dowgiałło, E., Rutkowski, J. (Eds.), Textural features studies of quaternary deposits and selected methods their age determination, SWPR Press (Warszawa), 95-180. (in Polish with English summary)
• 40. Neal, A., 2004. Ground-penetrating radar and its use in sedimentology: principles, problems and progress. Earth-Science Reviews 66, 261-330.
• 41. Olsen, H., Andreasen, F., 1995. Sedimentology and ground-penetrating radar characteristics of a Pleistocene sandur deposits. Sedimentary Geology 99, 1-15.
• 42. Olszak, J., Karczewski, J.. 2008. Usefulness of GPR measurements in interpretation of structures of river terraces (Kamienica River Valley, Polish Outer Carpathians). Przegląd Geologiczny 56, 330-334. (in Polish with English summary)
• 43. Pellicer, X.M., Gibson, P., 2011. Electrical Resistivity and Ground Penetrating Radar for the characterization of the internal architecture of Quaternary sediments in the Midlands of Ireland. Journal of Applied Geophysics 75, 638-647.
• 44. Racinowski, R., Szczypek, T., Wach, T., 2001. Presentation and interpretation of the results on the granulation of quaternary sediments. Silesian University (Katowice), 146 pp. (in Polish)
• 45. Sandmeier, K.J., 2011. ReflexW Version 6.0, Windows™ 9x/NT/2000/ XP/7-program for the processing of seismic, acoustic or electromagnetic reflection, refraction and transmission data, Reference Manual, Germany, pp. 532.
• 46. Shan, X., Yu, X., Clift, P.D., Tan, C., Jin, L., Li, M., Li, W., 2015. The ground penetrating radar facies and architecture of a paleo-spit from Huangqihai Lake, North China: implications for genesis and evolution. Sedimentary Geology 323, 1-14
• 47. Smith, D.G., Jol, H.M., 1995. Ground penetrating radar: antenna frequencies and maximum probable depths of penetration in Quaternary sediments. Journal of Applied Geophysics 33, 93-100.
• 48. Szmańda, J.B., 2010. Lithodynamic interpretation of fluvial environment based on grain size composition's parameters - review of selected methods. Landform Analysis 12, 109-125. (in Polish)
• 49. Tillmann, T., Wunderlich, J., 2013. Barrier rollover and spit accretion due to the combined action of storm surge induced washover events and progradation: Insights from ground-penetrating radar surveys and sedimentological data. Journal of Coastal Research. Special Issue 65 (1), 600-605.
• 50. Tillmann, T., 2014. Why is barrier spit's accretion not a simple process? Insights from GPR-surveys of Northern Amrum (North Sea/ German Bight). Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR 2014, June 30 - July 4, 2014, Brussels, Belgium), 262-267.
• 51. Van Dam, R.L., 2001. Causes of ground-penetrating radar reflections in sediment. Ph.D. thesis, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 110 pp. Van Dam, R.L., Schlager, W., 2000. Identifying causes of ground-penetrating radar reflections using time-domain reflectometry and sedimentological analyses. Sedimentology 47, 435-450.
• 52. Van Dam, R.L., Schlager, W., Dekkers, M.J., Huisman, J.A., 2002. Iron oxides as a cause of GPR reflections. Geophysics 67 (2), 536-546.
• 53. Van Overmeeren, R.A., 1998. Radar facies of unconsolidated sediments in The Netherlands: a radar stratigraphy interpretation method for hydrogeology. Journal of Applied Geophysics 40, 1-18.
• 54. Wentworth, C.K.A., 1922. A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments. Journal of Geology 30, 377-392.
• 55. Zieliński, T., 1995. Lithofacies and genetic codes: construction and application. In: Mycielska-Dowgiałło, E., Rutkowski, J. (Eds.), Research studies of the Quaternary sediments. Some methods and interpretation of the results. University of Warsaw Press (Warszawa), 220-235. (in Polish with English summary)
• 56. Zieliński, T., 1998. Lithofacial identification of alluvial sediments. In: Mycielska-Dowgiałło, E. (Ed.), Sedimentary and postsedimentary structures in Quaternary sediments and their value for interpretation. Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw Press (Warszawa), 195-260. (in Polish).
• 57. Zieliński, T., Pisarska-Jamroży, M., 2012. Which features of deposits should be included in a code and which not? Przegląd Geologiczny 60, 387-397. (in Polish with English summary)
• 58. Żuk, T., Sambrook Smith, G., 2015. Radar stratigraphy - a method for the analysis of 3D GPR data in sedimentary environments illustrated with an example from a fluvial environment. Przegląd Geograficzny 87, 439-456. (in Polish with English summary)