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Abstrakty
The hiding of conventionally formulated waterborne paints depends on a complex set of factors including the level of TiO2 , the type and levels of extenders, and the interactions of the polymer and pigment particles with other paint additives. Replacing the conventional TiO2 with in-situ formed TiO2 -polymer composites is found to yield a more uniform, less crowded distribution of TiO2 particles in both the dry and wet paint films. This effectively enhances the scattering efficiency of the TiO2 in the coating which can lead to lower pigment use levels and associated cost reductions. TiO2 use levels in these systems can be reduced by up to 20% while maintaining the opacity and tinting strength of the original coating. The mineral-polymer composite material is created under usual paint-making conditions using a dispersion polymer pre-composite and standard paint grades of TiO2. Forming a paint film from such composites ensures that the dry film structure is closer to the optimally desired architecture where each mineral particle is completely bound by polymer. The resulting film provides better barrier properties than one obtained from a traditionally formulated paint. The improvement in performance can manifest itself as improved efflorescence resistance, improved stain resistance, improved UV resistance, improved outdoor durability, etc. In most cases, the improvements in film properties will result in an extended service life for the coating and the article to which it is applied. A lifecycle assessment (LCA) of composite-based paints as compared to traditional paints was completed in accordance with ISO 14040 and 14044 (2006). This LCA was peer-reviewed and validated by a third-party auditor. Environmental indicators such as Green-House Gas Effect, Primary Energy Consumption, Resource Depletion, etc. were calculated over the full lifecycle for several painting schemes. The paints based on this new composite technology demonstrated reduced environmental impacts which can be directly traced back to their lower TiO2 content and improved film properties.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
8--18
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Coating Materials, Valbonne, France
autor
- The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Coating Materials, Valbonne, France
autor
- The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Coating Materials, Valbonne, France
autor
- The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Coating Materials, Valbonne, France
autor
- The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Coating Materials, Valbonne, France
Bibliografia
- 1. Braun, J.H., Baidins, A., Marganski, R.E., “Ti02 pigment technology: a review”, Progress in Organic Coatings, 20, No. 2, 105-138 (1992).
- 2. Ross, W.D., “Theoretical Computation of Light Scattering Power”, Journal of Paint Technology, 43, No. 563, 50-66 [1971).
- 3. Steig, F.B., “The Effect of Extenders on the Hiding Power of Titanium Pigments”, Official Digest, 31, No. 408, 52-64 (1959).
- 4. Fitzwater, S, and Hook, J.W., “Dependent Scattering Theory: A New Approach to Predicting Scattering in Paints”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 57, No. 721, 39-47 (1985).
- 5. Fasano, D.M, “Use of Small Polymeric Microvoids in Formulating High PVC Paints”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 59, No. 752, 109-116 (1987).
- 6. McDonald, C.J., Devon, M.J., “Hollow latex particles: synthesis and applications”, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 99, No. 3, 181-213 (2002).
- 7. Steig, F.B., “The Dilution Efficiency of Extenders”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 53, No. 680, 75-79 (1981).
- 8. Steig, F.B., “Avoiding Excessive Titanium Costs”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 53, No. 682, 65-69 (1981).
- 9. Herk, A.M. “Encapsulation of Inorganic Particles”, Polymeric Dispersions: Principles and Applications, 435-450 (1997).
- 10. Anwari, F., Carlozzo, B.J., Chokshi, K., Chosa, M., DiLorenzo, M., Knauss, C.J., McCarthy, J., Rozick, P., Slifko, P.M., and Weaver, J.C., “Changes in Hiding Dur¬ing Latex Film Formation”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 62, No. 752, 43-54 (1990).
- 11. Anwari, F., Carlozzo, B.J., Chokshi, K., Chosa, M., DiLorenzo, M., Heble, M., Knauss, C.J., McCarthy, J., Rozick, P., Slifko, P.M., Stipkovich, W„ Weaver, J.C., and Wolfe, M., “Changes in Hiding During Latex Film Formation: Part II. Particle Size and Pigment Packing Effects”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 63, No. 802, 35-46 (1991).
- 12. Anwari, F., Carlozzo, B.J., Chokshi, K., Chosa, M., DiLorenzo, M., Heble, M., Knauss, C.J., McCarthy, J., Rozick, P., Slifko, P.M., Stipkovich, W., Weaver, J.C., and Wolfe, M., “Changes in Hiding During Latex Film Formation: Part III. Effect of Coalescent Level and Latex Properties”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 64, No. 804, 79-86 (1992).
- 13. Anwari, F., Carlozzo, B.J., Chokshi, K., Chosa, M., DiLorenzo, M., Heble, M., Knauss, C.J., McCarthy, J., Rozick, P., Slifko, P.M., Stipkovich, W., Weaver, ).C., and Wolfe, M., “Changes in Hiding During Latex Film Formation: Part III. Effect of Coalescent Level and Latex Properties”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 64, No. 804, 79-86 (1992).
- 14. Anwari F., Carlozzo, B.J., Chokshi, K., DiLorenzo, M., Heble, M., Knauss, C.J., McCarthy, J., Patterson, R., Rozick, P., Slifko, P.M., Stipkovich, W., Weaver, J.C., and Wolfe, M., “Changes in Hiding During Latex Film Formation: Part V. Effect of Opaque Polymer”, Journal of Coatings Technology, 65, No. 821, 39-48 (1993).
- 15. Sperry, P.R., Snyder, B.S., O’Dowd, M.L., and Lesko, P.M., “Role of Water in Particle Deformation and Com¬paction in Latex Film Formation”, Langmuir, 1994,10, 2619-2628 (1994).
- 16. Winnik, M.A., “Latex Film Formation”, Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science, 2,192-199 (1997).
- 17. Provder, T., and Urban, M., Editors, Film Formation in Coatings: Mechanisms, Properties, and Morphology, Oxford University Press, Washington, DC (2001).
- 18. Ma, Y., Davis, H.T., and Scriven, L.E., “Microstructure development in drying latex coatings”, Progress in Organic Coatings, 52 (1), 46-62 (2005).
- 19. Ingham, B., Dickie, S., Nanjo, H., and Toney, M.F., “In situ USAXS measurements of titania colloidal paint films during the drying process”, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 336, 612-615 (2009).
- 20. Information on the TEAM™ software and methodology is available at https://ecobilan.pwc.fr/ uk_tools.php (accessed May 2012).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-edfc7c54-6337-4532-9479-4155d39c5b8c