The Application of Effective Microorganisms Preparation in Growing of Zonal Pelargonium (Pelargonium zonale)

• Autorzy: Schroeter-Zakrzewska A. , Wolna-Maruwka A. , Borowiak K.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zastosowanie preparatu Efektywne Mikroorganizmy w uprawie pelargonii rabatowej (Pelargonium zonale)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of the conducted experiment was to evaluate dehydrogenase activity in the substrate and to determine the effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the growth and flowering of zonal pelargonium. Plants were grown in pots in a greenhouse in two types of substrate. One substrate was deacidified highmoor peat and the other was highmoor peat with an addition of loam (at a 4:1 volumetric ratio). Plants were treated once with an EM preparation diluted in water at different proportions of 1:10, 1:50 and 1:100. Inoculum was administered in foliar treatment by spraying plants at 10 cm3 solution per plant and to the soil at 50 cm3 solution per pot. Foliar and soil application of EM had a positive effect of plant flowering. In contrast, it did not have an effect on plant height and the number of leaves. The SPAD index and chlorophyll content in leaves depended on the method of application, concentration of applied inoculum as well as the type of substrate, in which pelargonium was grown. Irrespective of the concentration of EM and the type of substrate inoculation of both soil and plants contributed to an increased activity of dehydrogenases.

PL

Celem przeprowadzonego doświadczenia była ocena aktywności dehydrogenazy w podłożu, a także określenie wpływu Efektywnych Mikroorganizmów (EM) na wzrost i kwitnienie pelargonii rabatowej. Rośliny uprawiano w doniczkach, w szklarni w dwóch rodzajach podłoża. Pierwszym podłożem był odkwaszony torf wysoki, a drugim – torf wysoki z dodatkiem glinki (w stosunku objętościowym 4:1). Rośliny jednorazowo potraktowano preparatem EM rozcieńczonym w wodzie w różnych proporcjach 1:10, 1:50 i 1:100. Szczepionkę aplikowano dolistnie, opryskując rośliny dawką 10 cm3 roztworu na roślinę i doglebowo w dawce 50 cm3 roztworu na doniczkę. Dolistna i doglebowa aplikacja EM wywarła pozytywny wpływ na kwitnienie roślin. Nie miała natomiast wpływu na wysokość roślin i liczbę liści. Indeks zazielenienia liści oraz zawartość chlorofilu w liściach zależała od sposobu aplikacji, stężenia zastosowanej szczepionki a także od rodzaju podłoża, w którym uprawiana była pelargonia. Niezależnie od stężenia EM i rodzaju podłoża inokulacja zarówno gleby, jak i roślin przyczyniła się do zwiększenia poziomu aktywności dehydrogenaz.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Effective Microorganism; dehydrogenases; SPAD; chlorophyll

PL

mikroorganizmy efektywne; dehydrogenaza; SPAD; chlorofil

• Wydawca: Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
• Czasopismo: Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 20, nr 6
• Strony: 701--708
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 21 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Schroeter-Zakrzewska A.

• Department of Ornamental Plants, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Dąbrowskiego 159, 60–594 Poznań, Poland

autor

Wolna-Maruwka A.

• Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Szydłowska 50, 60–656 Poznań, Poland

autor

Borowiak K.

• Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences ul. Piątkowska 94 C, 60–649 Poznań, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] Higa T. Effective Microorganisms, concept and recent advances in technology. Proc Conf. On Effective Microorganisms for sustainable agriculture and environment. 4th Int Conf Kyusei Nature Farming. Bellingham-Washington USA: USDA, USA; 1998:247-248.
• [2] Stielow G. Rich soil do not need of the fertilization. J Research Appl Agricult Eng. 2003; 48(1):20-22.
• [3] Boligłowa E, Gleń K. Assement of effective microorganism activity (EM) in winter wheat protection against fungal diseases. Ecol Chem Eng A. 2008;15(1-2):24-27.
• [4] Frąszczak B, Kleiber T, Klama J. Impact of effective microorganisms on field and nutrition of sweet Basil (Omcium basilicum L) and microbiological properties of the substrate. Afric J Agric Res. 2012;7(43):5756-5765. DOI:10.5897/AJAR12.145.
• [5] Khaliq A, Abassi MK, Hussain T. Effects of integrated use of organic and inorganic nutrient sources with effective microorganisms(EM) on seed cotton yield in Pakistan. Bior Tech. 2006;97:967-972. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.05.002.
• [6] Zydlik P, Zydlik Z. Impact of biological effective microorganisms (EM) preparations on some physico-chemical properties of soil and the vegetative growth of apple-tree rootstock. Nauka Przyroda Technologie. 2008;2(1):#4.
• [7] Brzeźińska M, Włodarczyk T. Enzymes of intracellular redox (oxidoreductase) chan ges. Acta Agroph. 2005;3:11-26.
• [8] Thalmann A. Zur Methodik der Bestimmung der Dehydrogenase Aktivität in Boden Mittels Triphenyltetrazoliumchlorid (TTC). Landwirtsch Forsch. 1968;21:249-258.
• [9] Ott L. An introduction to statistical methods and data analysis. Boston: PWS Publishers; 1984:750 pp.
• [10] Shoaf TW, Lium BW. Improved extraction of chlorophyll a and b from alga Rusing dimethyl sulphoxide. Limnol Oceanogr. 1976;21:926-928.
• [11] Hiscox JD, Israelstam GF. A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Can J Bot. 1979;57:1332-1334.
• [12] Górski R, Kleiber T. Effect of effective microorganisms (EM) on nutrient contents in substrate and development and yielding of rose (Rosa × hybrida) and gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii). Ecol Chem Eng S. 2010;17(4):505-513.
• [13] Aytekin A, Acikgoz AO. Hormone and microorganism treatments in the cultivation of saffron (Crocus sativus) plants. Molecules. 2008;13:1135-1146. DOI: 10.3390/molecules13051135.
• [14] Wolna-Maruwka A, Schroeter-Zakrzewska A, Borowiak K, Niewiadomska A. Impact of microbiological inoculum on numbers and activity of microorganisms in peat substrate and growth and flowering of scarlet sage. Polish J Environ Stud. 2012;21(6):1881-1891.
• [15] Abd El-Fatah DM, Soad AM, Omaya MI. Effect of biostimulants, ethrel, baron and potassium nutrient on fruit quality of ‘Costata’ persimmon. Austr J Basic Appl Sci. 2008,2(4):1432-1437.
• [16] Khan BM, Hossain MK, Mridha MAU. Effect of microbial inoculants on Albizia saman germination and seedling growth. J Forestry Res. 2006;17(2):99-102. DOI: 10.1007/s11676-006-0023-3.
• [17] Mridha MAU, Khan BM, Hossain MK, Tasnim H, Rahman MF. Effective microorganisms (EM) for Neem tree. APA News. 2002;20:5-6.
• [18] Wang R, Xu HL, Mridha MAU. Effect of organic fertilizer and EM inoculation on leaf photosynthesis and fruit yield and quality of tomato plants. J Crop Production. 2000;3(1):173-182. DOI: 10.1300/J144v03n01_15.
• [19] Xu HL. Effect of a microbial inoculants and organic fertilizer on the growth photosynthesis and yield of sweet corn. J Crop Production. 2000;3(1):183-214. DOI: 10.1300/J144v03n01_16.
• [20] Wielgosz E, Szember A. Occurrence of natural complex of soil microorganisms in near-root zone of plants used designing house garden. Annales UMCS. Sec E. 2006;61:75-92.
• [21] Wielgosz E, Dziamba S, Dziamba J. Effect of application of EM spraying on the populations and activity of soil microorganisms occurring in the root zone of spring barley. Polish J Soil Sci. 2010;43(1):65-72.